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WorksheetsChapter 1 L.1,2 Atomic theories
Total questions: 119
Worksheet time: 2hrs 40mins
Rutherford made important contributions to atomic theory. What did his model fail to explain?
location of protons
why the negatively charged electrons were not pulled into the positively charged nucleus
location of neutrons
none of the above
Which statement describes how electrons fall from the excited state of energy back to the ground state?
Energy is absorbed
Energy is released and a photon of light is emitted
the electron seeks energy
none of the above
What was Rutherford’s major contribution to atomic theory?
the arrangement of electrons
the existence of a small, dense, positively charged nucleus
The existence of radioactivity in the nucleus
The discovery of the neutron
__________ conducted the cathode ray tube experiment and discovered the electron.
JJ Thomson
Ernest Rutherford
Niels Bohr
Democritus
______ discovered the neutron in 1932 and won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1935.
Ernest Rutherford
Niels Bohr
James Chadwick
JJ Thomson
In the _________ of the atom, electrons are in the electron cloud and have a probability of being located inside three-dimensional regions around the nucleus referred to as atomic orbitals.
Rutherford Model
Quantum Mechanical Model
Bohr Model
Plum Pudding Model
Developed by JJ Thomson and later discredited by Ernest Rutherford, this model of the atom is described by the existence of a positively charged sphere with electrons embedded within it.
Bohr Model
Rutherford Model
Schrodinger's model
Plum Pudding Model
____________ suggested that the electron in a hydrogen atom moves around the nucleus in certain allowable circular orbits.
Ernest Rutherford
Erwin Schrodinger
Niels Bohr
James Chadwick
John Dalton, JJ Thomson, Niels Bohr, Ernest Rutherford, James Chadwick, Erwin Schrodinger, and Louis de Broglie, and several other scientists contributed to the body of knowledge known as atomic theory. What do the changes made to atomic theory and the evolution of this body of knowledge demonstrate about the scientific process?
Experimentation is key to yielding valid results
Scientists need to replicate prior experiments to validate their findings.
Theories change as new information becomes available
Competition and financial gain drive scientific inquiry
___________ proposed a model of the hydrogen atom that sought to explain the relationship between atomic emissions spectra and the energy states of atoms.
JJ Thomson
Ernest Rutherford
Niels Bohr
John Dalton
Rutherford conducted the ____________ and published his work in 1911.
Cathode Ray Tube Experiment
Plum Pudding Experiment
Gold Foil Experiment
None of these
An electron is said to be in its _____ state when it occupies the lowest possible energy level of an atom.
ground
excited
emissions
none of the above
Which of the following was a limitation of the Bohr Model?
He only theorized that atoms are the building block of matter.
Failed to understand the charges of protons and electrons
Did not explain the movement of electrons or the interaction between the subatomic particles.
Did not know the existence of subatomic particles.
The atom was first conceptualized by ______ in _____ who observed that rocks broken into several pieces retained their properties.
John Dalton; 1803
Democritus; 400 BC
Ernest Rutherford; 1911
James Chadwick; 1932
Which of the flowing statements is true regarding subatomic particles?
protons and electrons are located inside the nucleus
protons and neutrons are located inside the nucleus
protons and electrons are located outside of the nucleus
neutrons are located outside of the nucleus
Which of the following was NOT a conclusion described by John Dalton’s work?
All matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms.
Electrons are in the electron cloud
Atoms are indivisible and indestructible
Atoms rearrange in simple, whole-number ratios during chemical reactions because mass is conserved.
JJ Thomson was credited for the discovery of the:
Center of the universe
Proton
Electron
Neutron
The first universally accepted theory on atoms was proposed in 1803 by:
Winston Churchill
John Dalton
James Bond
J J Thomson
He discovered that every atom was positively charged.
He discovered that every element consisted of one type of atom
He discovered that atoms had nuclei
He discovered that atoms could be divided into smaller parts
Niels Bohr suggested that electrons:
Are found in specific orbits
Are scattered throughout the atom
Move according to their energy level
Are positive
Rutherford discovered this part of the atom:
Nucleus
Neutron
Proton
Electron
Which conclusion could be made from Ernest Rutherford’s gold foil experiment?
Atoms are made up of mostly empty space.
Atoms are mainly solid and block alpha particles.
The volume of the nucleus is large compared to the rest of the atom.
The mass of the nucleus is small compared to the rest of the atom.
What did Ernest Rutherford’s gold foil experiment demonstrate about atoms?
Their positive charge is located in a small region that is called the nucleus.
Their negative charge is located in small particles that are called electrons.
Their nucleus makes up the majority of the volume of the atom.
Their electrons are floating in a sea of positive charges.
What is the correct order of scientists in order of their work related to the atomic theory from earliest to most recent?
Ernest Rutherford, JJ Thomson, John Dalton, & Democritus
JJ Thomson, John Dalton, Ernest Rutherford, & Democritus
Democritus, John Dalton, JJ Thomson, Ernest Rutherford.
John Dalton, JJ Thomson, Democritus, & Ernest Rutherford
Which one of these is Dalton's Model?
Why did Ernest Rutherford and his colleagues perform the Gold-Foil Experiment?
They wanted to test and confirm the Plum-Pudding model
They wanted to test John Dalton's Model
They were looking for electrons
They wanted to come up with their own Atomic Model
Which of the following was an observation made by Rutherford to support that atoms have a dense positive nucleus?
He observed that all alpha particles did go through a gold-foil in straight lines
He observed that most alpha particles did not go through a gold-foil and stopped on one side of the gold foil.
He observed that a small number of alpha particles bounced off the gold-foil at very large angles
He observed that all alpha particles slightly deflected from the straight line when going through a gold-foil
If an electron moves from n=4 to n=2 it ____
absorbs energy
releases energy
This is the distance between two peaks. What is this called?
amplitude
wavelength
longitude
trough
The lower the frequency the ______ the energy.
higher
lower
neither, stays the same
JJ Thomson used a cathode ray tube to discover what about the atom.
The atom is mostly empty space
The atom has a positive, solid core called a nucleus
Atoms have electrons that have a negative charge
Atoms have electrons that have a positive charge.
Rutherford discover what about the atom when most of the alpha particles went straight through the gold foil.
The atom is mostly empty space
The atom has a positive, solid core called a nucleus
Atoms have electrons that have a negative charge
Atoms have electrons that have a positive charge.
Rutherford discover what about the atom when a tiny percent of alpha particles either deflected or bounced off of the gold foil?
The atom is mostly empty space
The atom has a positive, solid core called a nucleus
Atoms have electrons that have a negative charge
Atoms have electrons that have a positive charge.
JJThomson proved what wrong about Democritis theory when he discovered a negative particle within the atom?
He proved that the atom can be divided (not indivisible)
He proved tha the atom should not be called the atomos
He proved that democritis has no evidence to back up his findings.
He proved that Rutherford would agree with him about the atom being neutral.
The only part of Democritis theory we kept until today is which of the following.
The atom is indivisible
The atom' s name comes from "atomos"
All atoms are made up of the same material.
All atoms are made up of different material.
JJ Thompson's model was called the _______________ model.
Nuclear model because it had a nucleus
The solid sphere model becuase all atoms where not divisible.
The planetary model because Electron orbit around a nucleus.
The plum pudding model because there were a lot of electron in a positive cloud.
Which scientist had no scientific data to back up his atomic theory- he did not experiments.
JJ Thomson
Rutherford
Dalton
Democritis
Dalton discover what about the atom after doing many chemical reactions and weighing the masses before and after his experiments.
The atom is mostly empty space
The atom has a positive, solid core called a nucleus
Conservation of mass- The mass in the beginning of a reaction will be the same at the end of a reaction.
Atoms have electrons that have a positive charge.
Dalton also discover what about the atom after doing many chemical reactions.
The atom is mostly empty space
The atom has a positive, solid core called a nucleus
Atoms always react in whole number ratios.
Atoms have electrons that have a positive charge.
Rutherfords gold foil experiment used the which concept of charges?
“Like” charges repel each other, and “unlike” charges repel each other.
“Like” charges attract each other and “unlike” charges attract each other
“Unlike” charges repel each other and “like” charges attract each other.
“Unlike” charges attract each other and “like” charges repel each other.
What is the final Quantum mechanical model based on from all the atomic theories.
Only based on Rutherford and Thomson's theories.
It is a combination of all the scientist's atomic theories over the past 1000 years, but mostly based on Rutherford's positive nucleus and Schrodinger's and Heisenberg's electron cloud.
Only basedon Heisenberg/Schrodinerg electron cloud and Thomson's theories.
It is a combination of Democritis, Dalton and Rutherford only.
How did Dalton prove Democritis wrong?
He discovered the electron proving that the atom could be divided
He discovered that atoms are made up of different material not the same material through chemical reactions.
He discovered that the atomos was not a good name and changed it to the atom.
He only agreed with Democritis on his theories about the atom.
(From the video we watched) Who discovered that electrons have to be in quantized energy levels or they will crash into the nucleus.
JJ Thomson
Rutherford
Dalton
Bohr
Used the word "atomos" to decsribe the uncuttable (indivisible) atom.
Democritus
Thomson
Bohr
Dalton
Proposed that electrons move around the nucleus in specific layers, or shells.
Bohr
Rutherford
Chadwick
Thomson
This picture best represents ___________________ atomic model.
Thomson's
Dalton's
Bohr's
Chadwick's
Which one of these is Dalton's Model?
Which model was created after the discovery of the nucleus?
Dalton's
Rutherford's
Quantum Mechanical
Plum Pudding
Which model was created after the discovery of the electron cloud?
Dalton's
Rutherford's
Quantum Mechanical
Plum Pudding
Who discovered electrons?
Rutherford
Bohr
J.J. Thompson
Democritus
Within Dalton's Atomic Theory, he had proposed...
Atoms were the smallest particles that existed and could be divisible
Atoms were the smallest particles that existed and were round
Atoms were the smallest particles that existed and could not be divisible
Which experiment was performed by J. J. Thomson in 1897?
The first scientist who defined the atom is.............
Dalton
Aristotle
Democritus
Thomson
Matter is composed of four components (water, air, dust and fire) with different proportions. That idea belongs to........
Bohr
Rutherford
Dalton
Aristotle
..........hypothesized that the compounds are composed of certain elements combined in a simple numerical ratio.
Dalton
Schrodinger
Thomson
Bohr
The cathode rays consist of very fine particles called.............
α-particles.
electrons
protons
photons
Electric discharge experiment of Thomson proved that the atom..................
is solid
contains a vast space.
contains a positively charged nucleus
contains negatively charged electrons.
The .................rays are deflected towards the positive pole when they are affected by the electric field.
alpha
cathode
gamma
X
The metal sheet used in Rutherford's experiment is lined with a layer of ...............
ZnS2
ZnSO3
Zn2S
ZnS
The scientist who discovered that the electrons have a negligible mass if it is compared to that of the nucleus is.............
Thomson
Bohr
Rutherford
Dalton
When alpha rays fall on the gold foil, ............of them penetrate it.
most
all
a small fraction
the average
The scientist who designed the first model of the atomic structure on an experimental basis is .....................
Rutherford
Bohr
Berzelius
Schrodinger
Matter is composed of four components (water, air, dust and fire) with different proportions. That idea belongs to........
Bohr
Rutherford
Dalton
Aristotle
The first scientist who defined the atom is.............
Dalton
Aristotle
Democritus
Thomson
..........hypothesized that the compounds are composed of certain elements combined in a simple numerical ratio.
Dalton
Schrodinger
Thomson
Bohr
Electric discharge experiment of Thomson proved that the atom..................
is solid
contains a vast space.
contains a positively charged nucleus
contains negatively charged electrons.
The cathode rays consist of very fine particles called.............
α-particles.
electrons
protons
photons
The .................rays are deflected towards the positive pole when they are affected by the electric field.
alpha
cathode
gamma
X
The metal sheet used in Rutherford's experiment is lined with a layer of ...............
ZnS2
ZnSO3
Zn2S
ZnS
The scientist who discovered that the electrons have a negligible mass if it is compared to that of the nucleus is.............
Thomson
Bohr
Rutherford
Dalton
When alpha rays fall on the gold foil, ............of them penetrate it.
most
all
a small fraction
the average
The scientist who designed the first model of the atomic structure on an experimental basis is .....................
Rutherford
Bohr
Berzelius
Schrodinger
if the ethylene is C2H4 , then the atomic ratio of the Hydrogen to the carbon respectively is ------------
2:4
4:2
1:2
2:1
Cathode rays ------
has mass only
has charged only
has both mass and charge
do not have either mass or charge
if you know that the aromatic benzene formula is C6H6 . then the elements ratio is -------- [C=12; H=1]
6:6
1:6
1:1
3:3
What is the mass ratio of the carbon to the hydrogen in the Methane CH4 [if C=12; H=1]
1:4
3:2
3:1
4:1
Which model was created after the discovery of the electron cloud?
Dalton's
Rutherford's
Quantum Mechanical
Plum Pudding
Determined that electron paths cannot be predicted and exist inside the Electron Cloud.
Ernest Schrodinger
Ernest Rutherford
John Dalton
Democritus
1-JJ Thomson
2-Erwin Schrodinger
3-John Dalton
4-Niels Bohr
5-Ernest Rutherford
Who proposed the theory that atoms orbit the nucleus in specific orbits.
Bohr
Democritus
Rutherford
Chadwick
Who proposed that electrons are only found in specific, discrete circular orbits around the nucleus?
Albert Einstein
Erwin Schrodinger
Ernest Rutherford
Niels Bohr
Who used theoretical calculations and experimental results to devise and solve a mathematical equation describing the behavior of the electron in a hydrogen atom?
JJ Thomson
Niels Bohr
Erwin Schrodinger
James Chadwick
When atoms _____________ energy, their electrons move to higher energy levels. These electrons _____________ energy by emitting light when they return to lower energy levels.
lose, absorb
absorb, lose
lose, lose
absorb, absorb
Which form of radiation has the highest frequency?
radio waves
ultraviolet
x-ray
gamma
Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle states that it is impossible to know both the ___________ and the __________ of a particle at the same time.
velocity, position
velocity, energy
position, energy
velocity, speed
What was wrong with the Bohr model?
It was disproved by the gold foil experiment.
It could only describe the emission spectrum of hydrogen.
It could only describe the emission spectra of elements with more than one electron.
It was disproved by the cathode ray experiment.
Orbits in Bohr's model of an atom could be described as ...
Specific circular paths around the Sun where planets are located
Specific circular paths around the nucleus where electrons are located
Areas around the nucleus where there is a high probability for electrons to be present
Energy levels in Bohr's model of an atom could be described as ...
Orbits with fixed energies where an electron moves around an atom
Orbits with a wide range of energies where an electron moves around an atom
An atom is
A fundamental subatomic particle of all matter
The smallest partcle of an element that changes its identity during chemical reaction
The smallest partcle of an element that retains its identity during chemical reaction
An electron is
a negatively charged subatomic particle that almost 2000 times lighter than a proton and moves around the nucleus of an atom
a positively charged subatomic particle that almost 2000 times lighter than a proton and moves around the nucleus of an atom
a neutral subatomic particle that almost 2000 times lighter than a proton and moves around the nucleus of an atom
a negatively charged subatomic particle that has the same mass as a proton and is located in the nucleus of an atom
Ernest Rutherford was
A physicist who proposed a model of an atom in which an electron is found only in specific orbits with fixed energies around the nucleus.
A physicist who discovered the first subatomic particle - an electron, and demonstrated that an atom is divisible. Proposed Plum-Pudding model of an atom
A physicist who performed Gold Foil Experiment and demonstrated that an atom is mostly an empty space and the nucleus of an atom is positively charged and contains most of the mass of an atom.
Quantum is...
Specific circular paths around the nucleus where electrons are located
The amount of energy required to move an electron from one energy level to another energy level.
Energy levels where electrons of an atom are located
Who was Erwin Schrodinger?
A physicist who proposed a model of an atom in which an electron is found only in specific orbits with fixed energies around the nucleus. An electron in the model needs to absorb or emit energy to move from one orbit to another
A physicist who discovered the first subatomic particle - an electron, and demonstrated that an atom is divisible. Proposed Plum-Pudding model of an atom
A physicist who performed Gold Foil Experiment and demonstrated that an atom is mostly an empty space and the nucleus of an atom is positively charged and contains most of the mass of an atom.
A physicist who gave the foundation to quantum mechanical model of an atom. Intorduced a theory describing the behavior of an electron as a wave function.
Which orbit has the lowest energy level in the Bohr's model of an atom?
The orbit that is the fatherst away from the nucleus of the atom
All orbits in the atom have the same energy
The orbit that is the closest to the nucleus of the atom
Choose limitations of Niels Bohr model of an atom. Choose ALL that apply
Bohr's model didn't indicate where electrons are
Bohr's model was proposed only for hydrogen atom, not for atoms with more than 1 electron
Bohr's model considered an electron only as a particle
Bohr's model considered an electron only as a wave
WHhat is the difference between an orbit and an orbital?
An orbit is a 3D probability cloud where an electron could be found, an orbital is a specific circular path of an electron
An orbit and an orbital are the same things describing the location of an electron
An orbit is a specific circular path of an electron, , an orbital is a 3D probability cloud where an electron could be found
Which Scientist came up with the NUCLEAR model?
Dalton & Democritus
Rutherford
Thompson& Milliken
Heisenberg & De Broglie
