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Worksheets

HBS Semester 1 Review 2025

Total questions: 168

Worksheet time: 2hrs 19mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the main function of bones in the human body?

a)

Sensation, perception, and cognition.

b)

Digestion, absorption, and elimination.

c)

Support, protection, and structure

d)

Movement, flexibility, and coordination.

2.

Which type of bone cells are responsible for bone formation?

a)

Osteocytes

b)

Osteoblasts

c)

Chondrocytes

d)

Osteoclasts

3.

What is the outer layer of a bone called?

a)

periosteum

b)

epiphysis

c)

medullary cavity

d)

endosteum

4.

What is the inner, spongy part of a bone called?

a)

compact bone

b)

marrow

c)

cortical bone

d)

trabecular bone

5.

What is the scientific term for the collarbone?

a)

humerus

b)

scapula

c)

femur

d)

clavicle

6.

What is the purpose of bone marrow?

a)

To produce and store blood cells

b)

To produce and store fat cells.

c)

To regulate body temperature.

d)

To aid in digestion.

7.

What are the two main types of bone tissue?

a)

dense bone and porous bone

b)

hard bone and soft bone

c)

compact bone and spongy bone

d)

solid bone and hollow bone

8.

What are the three main types of bone fractures?

a)

Closed fracture, Open fracture, Greenstick fracture

b)

Avulsion fracture

c)

Hairline fracture

d)

Comminuted fracture

9.

Identify the section or cut.

a)

frontal section

b)

lateral section

c)

transverse section

d)

sagittal section

10.

Identify the section or cut.

a)

cross section

b)

plane

c)

midsagittal section

d)

coronal section

11.

Identify the section or cut.

a)

frontal section

b)

cross section

c)

transverse section

d)

sagittal section

12.

The shoulder is _____ to the elbow.

a)

proximal

b)

dorsal

c)

distal

d)

ventral

13.

The cranial cavity is _____ to the thoracic cavity.

a)

inferior

b)

anterior

c)

peripheral

d)

superior

14.

What is anatomical position?

a)
b)
c)
d)
15.

Which cavity includes the heart and lungs?

a)

Thoracic cavity

b)

Cranial cavity

c)

Abdominal cavity

d)

Retroperitoneal cavity

16.

The pinky finger is ______ to the thumb in anatomical position.

a)

posterior

b)

superior

c)

lateral

d)

medial

17.
Towards the Front. 
[The eyes are _______ to the brain].
a)
Inferior
b)
Deep
c)
Lateral
d)
Anterior
18.
Question Image

Match the following planes

a)

Traverse

1.

Separates top & bottom

b)

Sagittal

2.

Separates left & right

c)

Coronal

3.

Seperates front & back

d)

Median

4.

Even separation of left & right

e)

Distal

5.

Away from

19.

The cavity surrounded by a box is?

a)

Abdominal Cavity

b)

Pelvic Cavity

c)

Pleural Cavity

d)

Cranial Cavity

20.
a)

Cranial Cavity

b)

Pleural Cavity

c)

Pericardial Cavity

d)

Vertebral Canal

21.

The cavity surrounded by a box is?

a)

Abdominal Cavity

b)

Pelvic Cavity

c)

Thoracic Cavity

d)

Pericardial Cavity

22.

The cavity surrounded by a box is?

a)

Pericardial Cavity

b)

Pleural Cavity

c)

Abdominal Cavity

d)

Pelvic Cavity

23.

Which of the following cavities holds the heart AND lungs?

a)

pleural

b)

pericardial

c)

thoracic

d)

abdominal

24.

The head is _________________ to the navel.

a)

anterior

b)

posterior

c)

superior

d)

inferior

25.

The nose is_________________ to the ears.

a)

medial

b)

lateral

c)

superficial

d)

deep

26.

The thumbs are _________________ to the pinkies.

a)

proximal

b)

distal

c)

medial

d)

lateral

27.

The skin is _________________ to the muscles.

a)

ventral

b)

dorsal

c)

superficial

d)

deep

28.

The ankle is _________________ to the knee.

a)

superior

b)

inferior

c)

proximal

d)

distal

29.

This muscle (B) allows you to close your eyes, squint, blink, and wink.

a)

Orbicularis oris

b)

Orbicularis oculi

c)

Zygomaticus

d)

Platysma

30.

This muscle (E) closes the mouth and protrudes the lips. It is often called the "kissing" muscle.

a)

Orbicularis oris

b)

Buccinator

c)

Zygomaticus

d)

Orbicularis oculi

31.

This muscle (H) lies over the temporal bone and helps the masseter close the jaw.

a)

Trapezius

b)

Platysma

c)

Sternocleidomastoid

d)

Temporalis

32.
a)

Right Lower Quadrant

b)

Pelvic cavity

c)

Ventral cavity

d)

Thoracic cavity

33.
a)

Abdominal cavity

b)

Pelvic cavity

c)

Inguinal

d)

Dorsal cavity

34.
a)

Axillary

b)

Ventral cavity

c)

Dorsal cavity

d)

Pelvic cavity

35.
a)

Dorsal cavity

b)

Cubital

c)

Epigastric

d)

Ventral

36.
a)

Pelvic cavity

b)

Thoracic cavity

c)

Abdominal cavity

d)

Cephal

37.
a)

Hypogastric region

b)

Abdominopelvic cavity

c)

Dorsal cavity

d)

Brachial

38.

Identify Letter B

a)

Brachial

b)

Sagittal plane

c)

Dorsal

d)

Axillary

39.

Identify letter A

a)

Cubital

b)

Cephal

c)

inguinal

d)

Thoracic cavity

40.

Identify Letter C

a)

Popliteal

b)

Brachial

c)

Cubital

d)

Cephal

41.

Identify the area behind the knee

a)

Anterior

b)

Cubital

c)

Brachial

d)

Popliteal

42.
The shaft of a long bone which is made of compact bone containing a central cavity
a)
Diaphysis
b)
Epiphysis
43.
The cavity in bone that stores red and yellow marrow.
a)
Medullary cavity
b)
Fibrous joint
44.
The proximal and distal ends of long bones. The site of hemopoiesis.
a)
Diaphysis
b)
Epiphysis
45.

These type of bones are typically longer than they are wide.

a)

Irregular

b)

Flat

c)

Short

d)

Long

46.

These type of bones have a variety of shapes.

a)

Long

b)

Short

c)

Irregular

d)

Flat

47.

These bones are thin and flattened.

a)

Flat

b)

Long

c)

Short

d)

Irregular

48.

These type of bones have roughly equal widths and lengths; cube shaped.

a)

Long

b)

Short

c)

Flat

d)

Irregular

49.

Which of the following is NOT an example of a long bone?

a)

forearm bone

b)

wrist bone

c)

femur

d)

thigh bone

50.

Either end of a long bone.

a)

Diaphysis

b)

Periosteum

c)

Spongy Bone

d)

Epiphyses

51.

Shaft of a long bone.

a)

Epiphysis

b)

Compact Bone

c)

Sternum

d)

Diaphysis

52.

Dense connective tissue covering the surface of a bone.

a)

Trabeculae

b)

Articuler cartilage

c)

Periosteum

d)

Spongy tissue

53.
The long bones in the fingers are
a)
carpals
b)
tarsals
c)
phalanges 
d)
clavicles
54.
What type of bone is the femur
a)
Long bone
b)
Short bone
c)
Flat bone
d)
Irregular bone
55.
Name the bone located at number 16.
a)
Clavicle
b)
Humerus
c)
Radius
d)
Ulna
56.
Name the bone located at number 12.
a)
Patella
b)
Clavicle
c)
Sternum
d)
Scapula
57.
Name the bone located at number  8.
a)
Humerus
b)
Radius
c)
Fibula
d)
Tibia
58.
This bone is the
a)
pelvis
b)
humerous
c)
scapula
d)
frontal
59.
Name this bone.
a)
tibia
b)
fibula
c)
femur
60.
a)

Radius

b)

Humerus

c)

Ulna

d)

Clavicle

61.
What set of bones is this?
a)
Femur
b)
Skull
c)
Rib Cage
d)
Stirrup
62.
What is the name of the bone that protects our brain?
a)
Skull
b)
Ribs
c)
Skill
d)
Robs
63.

What bone is the arrow pointing to?

a)

rib

b)

spine

c)

scapula

d)

clavicle

64.
a)
pelvis
b)
tibia
c)
sternum
d)
sacrum
65.
Name the bones.
a)
Tarsals
b)
Carpals
c)
Phalanges
d)
Mandible
66.
Name this bone.
a)
femur
b)
humerus
c)
tibia
67.

Name this group of bones.

a)
tarsals
b)
carpals
c)
phalange
68.

Articular cartilage found at the end of the long bones serves to

a)

attach tendons

b)

produce red blood cells

c)

provide a smooth surface at the ends of synovial joints

d)

form the synovial membrane

69.

A sarcomere is

a)

a nonfunctional unit of skeletal muscle

b)

a repeating structural unit of skeletal muscle

c)

the area between two intercalated discs

d)

the wavy lines on the muscle seen in the microscope.

70.

Which of the following are composed of myosin?

a)

thick filaments

b)

thin filaments

c)

Z discs

d)

all myofilaments

71.

Which of the following surrounds the individual muscle cell?

a)

perimysium

b)

endomysium

c)

epimysium

d)

fascicle

72.

What are the bundles of muscle fibers within the skeletal muscle called?

a)

myofilaments

b)

Muscle

c)

myofibrils

d)

fascicles

73.

Which of the following muscle type is not striated?

a)

smooth muscle

b)

skeletal muscle

c)

cardiac muscle

d)

none of above

74.

The bundle of collagen fibers at the end of a skeletal muscle that attaches the muscle to bone is called a(n)

a)

fascicle

b)

tendon

c)

ligament

d)

myofibril

75.

Rigor mortis occurs because

a)

the cells are dead

b)

sodium ions leak out of the muscle

c)

ATP is required to release the attached

actin and myosin molecules

d)

proteins are beginning to break down, thus preventing the flow of calcium ions.

76.

The hip joint, like the shoulder joint, is a ________ joint

a)

pivot

b)

saddle

c)

hinge

d)

ball and socket

77.

Which of the following is not a way to classify muscles?

a)

muscle location

b)

the type of muscle action

c)

the type of muscle fiber

d)

muscle shape

78.

The movement away from the midline of the body

a)

abduction

b)

adduction

c)

rotation

d)

flexion

79.

Bending the foot in the direction of the plantar surface (sole)

a)

extension

b)

abduction

c)

dorsiflexion

d)

plantar flexion

80.

Moving a bone around its own axis, with no other movement

a)

rotation

b)

abduction

c)

adduction

d)

flexion

81.

An unbending movement around a joint in a limb (as the knee or elbow) that increases the angle between the bones of the limb at the joint

a)

extension

b)

flexion

c)

circumduction

d)

dorsiflexion

82.

Identify the muscle type pictured above

a)

Smooth muscle

b)

Skeletal muscle

c)

Cardiac muscle

83.

What four bones make up the knee joint?

a)

Tibia

b)

Fibula

c)

Patella

d)

Femur

e)

All of the above

84.

What bone is the knee cap?

a)

Tibia

b)

Fibula

c)

Patella

d)

Femur

85.

What does ACL stand for?

a)

Atlanta Cruciate Ligament

b)

Anterior Cruciate Ligament

c)

Anterior Coolio Ligament

86.

The ligament on the inside of the knee is the MCL.

a)

True

b)

False

87.

A _________ force puts pressure from the lateral side and stresses the medial side of the knee

a)

Big

b)

Valgus

c)

Varus

d)

Superior

88.

The cushion between the femur and tibia is the ________.

a)

Ligament

b)

Meniscus

c)

LCL

d)

Patellar Tendon

89.

What type of joint is the knee joint?

a)

Hinge

b)

Ball in socket

c)

Modified hinge

d)

modified ball in socket

90.

What two main movements occur at the knee?

a)

Flexion and Extension

b)

Rotation and Flexion

c)

Abduction and Flexion

d)

Adduction and Flexion

91.

What action occurs with the quads?

a)

Flexion

b)

Extension

c)

Rotation

d)

Abduction

92.

Select the correct range of motion shown in the video clip.

a)

Hip extension

b)

Hip flexion

c)

Knee flexion

93.

Select the correct range of motion shown in the video clip.

a)

Hip extension

b)

Hip flexion

c)

Knee flexion

94.

Select the correct range of motion shown in the video clip.

a)

Knee extension

b)

Hip flexion

c)

Knee flexion

95.

What is angle is being measured by this goniometer?

a)

25

b)

180

c)

155

d)

0

96.

Thick filaments within a myofibril are:

a)

ATPase

b)

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

c)

Actin

d)

Myosin

97.

Thin filaments in a myofibril are

a)

Sarcomeres

b)

Sarcoplasm

c)

Actin

d)

Myosin

98.

The energy needed to perform a muscle contraction comes directly from

a)

ATP

b)

Oxygen

c)

Glucose

d)

Calcium

99.

The neurotransmitter stored in the axon terminal identified as #3

a)

Calcium Ion (Ca2+)

b)

Protein Channel

c)

Acetylcholine

d)

Synaptic Cleft

100.
The plasma membrane of a skeletal muscle cell is called the:
a)

sarcomere

b)

myofilament

c)

sarcolemma

d)

sarcoplasm

101.

The organelle that stores Acetylcholine (ACh) in the axon is identified as #4

a)

Motor Neuron

b)

Axon Terminal of Motor Neuron

c)

Sarcolemma

d)

 Synaptic Vesicle

102.
Skeletal Muscle contraction is initiated when the ________ sends a message to the muscle cell.  
a)
Muscle cell
b)

Motor Neuron

c)
Gland
d)

Cardiac Muscle

103.

What state is the sarcomere in B.

a)

Relaxed

b)

Contracting

c)

Both

d)

None of the above

104.

Muscles are attached to bones by _____.

a)

Ligaments

b)

Tendons

c)

Cartilage

d)

Axons

105.

Calcium is going to bind to the protein ​ (a)   This will cause ​ (b)   to change shape because the ​ (c)   moves and exposes the ​ (d)   .

Choose from the below words
troponin
actin
tropomyosin
myosin binding sites
106.

Calcium binds to ___of the troponin-tropomyosin complex.

a)

troponin

b)

tropomyosin

c)

actin

d)

myosin

107.

What is the structure that stores the Calcium in the muscle cell.

a)

Sarcoplasm

b)

Sarcolemma

c)

Myoglobin

d)

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

108.

Order the parts of a muscle from largest to smallest :

myofilaments

actin and myosin

muscle

muscle fascicle

myofibril

a)

Muscle

b)

Muscle Fascicle

c)

Myofibril

d)

Myofilaments

e)

actin and myosin

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
109.

What layer of connective tissue covers the muscle fiber?

a)

endomysium

b)

epimysium

c)

perimysium

d)

myomysium

110.

What layer of tissue surrounds the entire muscle?

a)

Endomysium

b)

Epimysium

c)

Perimysium

d)

myomysium

111.

Which of the following best describes the power stoke?

a)

actin's troponin pulls on the myosin filament

b)

myosin filament heads pull on binding sites of the actin filament

c)

myosin filaments pull on the Z lines of the actin filament

d)

The A bands shrink

112.

Contractile unit of a muscle which is also the functional unit of a muscle is ...

a)

sarcomere

b)

motor unit

c)

fascicle

d)

myofibril

113.

What element is important in directly triggering contraction?

a)

Potassium

b)

Calcium

c)

Sodium

d)

Chloride

114.

Identify what occurs first during Phase 1 of an Action Potential of the muscular system?

a)

Action Potential arrives at axon terminal of motor neuron

b)

Calcium ion channels open and Calcium enters axon terminal

c)

Calcium causes Acetylcholine (neurotransmitter) to be released

d)

Action Potential travels across the entire sarcolemma

115.
Another name for a muscle cell.
a)
Fiber
b)
Sacrolemma
c)
Sacromere
d)
Fascicle
116.
Identify this tissue!
a)
Stratified cuboidal
b)
Stratified squamous epithelium
c)
Simple columnar epithelium
d)
Simple squamous
117.
Identify this tissue!
a)
Stratified squamous epithelium
b)
Pseudostratified ciliated epithelium
c)
Simple columnar epithelium
d)
Stratified cuboidal
118.
Identify this tissue!
a)
Simple squamous 
b)
Stratified columnar
c)
Simple columanr
d)
Pseudostratified
119.
Identify this tissue!
a)
Simple cuboidal
b)
Simple columnar epithelium
c)
Stratified squamous
d)
Transitional epithelium
120.
Identify:
a)
Pseudostratified
b)
Simple cuboidal
c)
Transitional
d)
Simple Squamous
121.
Identify:
a)
Columnar
b)
Cuboidal
c)
Pseudostratified
d)
Transitional
122.
Identify:
a)
Smooth Muscle
b)
Columnar
c)
Transitional
d)
Pseudostratified
123.
Identify:
a)
Simple squamous
b)
Cuboidal
c)
Transitional
d)
Pseudostratified
124.
Identify:
a)
Pseudostratified
b)
Smooth Muscle
c)
Transitional
d)
Stratified Squamous
125.
Identify:
a)
Simple squamous
b)
Stratified squamous
c)
Transitional
d)
Pseudostratified
126.
Which tissue is this?
a)
Simple squamous
b)
simple columnar
c)
transitional
d)
simple cuboidal
127.
Identify this tissue!
a)
Simple columnar epithelium
b)
Simple cuboidal epithelium
c)
Simple squamous epithelium
d)
Transitional epithelium
128.
Which of the following is NOT a type of connective tissue?
a)
Bone
b)
Cartilage
c)
Skin
d)
Blood
129.
What type of connective tissue is this?
a)
Bone
b)
Cartilage
c)
Blood
d)
Adipose
130.
Name this tissue
a)
Bone
b)
Hyaline cartilage
c)
Fibrocartilage
d)
Adipose
131.
Name this tissue
a)
Bone
b)
Cartilage
c)
Blood
d)
Adipose
132.
Most connective tissue is well vascularized. What does that mean?
a)
Poor blood supply
b)
Good blood supply
133.
Which of the following represents the reason that cartilage repairs itself so slowly?
a)
it is never damaged
b)
it is vascular
c)
it is avascular
d)
hormones are present
134.

Which of these connects bone to bone?

a)

tendon

b)

ligament

135.

Which type of connective tissue makes up the dermis of the skin?

a)

Stratified squamous

b)

Loose connective

c)

Adipose

d)

Bone

136.

Where would you find hyaline cartilage?

a)

ends of bones

b)

nose

c)

ear pinnae

d)

vertebral discs

e)

epiglottis

137.

Where would you find elastic cartilage?

a)

ends of bones

b)

nose

c)

ear pinnae

d)

vertebral discs

e)

epiglottis

138.

Which bones are highlighted

a)

phalanges

b)

carpals

c)

metatarsals

d)

metacarpals

139.

Which bones are highlighted

a)

metacarpals

b)

metatarsals

c)

carpals

d)

tarsals

140.

Which bones are highlighted

a)

metatarsals

b)

metacarpals

c)

tarsals

d)

carpals

141.

Which bone is highlighted

a)

femur

b)

radius

c)

tibia

d)

fibula

142.

Which bone is highlighted

a)

fibula

b)

tibia

c)

ulna

d)

radius

143.
What bones are these?
a)
Sternums
b)
Scapulae
c)
Clavicles
d)
Hyoids
144.

Which bones are highlighted

a)

carpals

b)

tarsals

c)

metacarpals

d)

metatarsals

145.
Name the bone shown in green.
a)
Femur
b)
Calcanous
c)
Patella 
d)
Fibula
146.
Name the bone shown in green.
a)
Femur
b)
Tibia
c)
Humerus 
d)
Fibula
147.
Name the bone shown in green.
a)
Femur
b)
Tibia
c)
Patella 
d)
Fibula
148.

Identify this bone

a)

Ulna

b)

Radius

c)

Humerus

d)

Tibia

149.

Identify this bone

a)

Ulna

b)

Scapula

c)

Humerus

d)

Clavicle

150.

Match the following bones that articulate with each other

a)

Femur

1.

Tibia

b)

Scapula

2.

Humerus

c)

Carpals

3.

Radius

d)

Clavicle

4.

Sternum

151.

Organize these options into the right categories

Categorize the following

Humerus

Ulna

Femur

Tibia

Fibula

Scapula

Clavicle

Coxal Bone

Radius

Upper Limb
Lower Limb
Pectoral Girdle
Pelvic Girdle
152.
What is this?
a)
Manubrium
b)
Xiphoid Process
c)
Body
d)
Costal Cartilage
153.
What is this?
a)
Manubrium
b)
Body
c)
Xiphoid Process
d)
Clavicle
154.
Letter C is pointing to: 
a)
Vertebral Rib
b)
Manubrium
c)
Costal Cartilage
d)
Vertebralchondral Rib
155.
a)
Sacrum
b)
Coccyx
c)
Lumbar Vertebrae
d)
Pelvis
156.

A female patient is brought to the emergency room with an injury to her lower leg from an ATV accident. You notice a white tip of a bone protruding through the skin as you cut her pant leg off. Her injury is described as what kind of fracture.

a)

Comminuted

b)

Pathologic

c)

Compound

d)

Stress

157.
 a fracture in which the bone breaks diagonally. 
a)
Oblique Fracture
b)
Fracture
c)
Diagonal Fracture
d)
Horizontal Fracture 
158.
Bone breaks into many fragments.
a)
Shattered Fracture
b)
Traction Fracture 
c)
Comminuted Fracture
d)
The Magic School Bus
159.
Bone breaks incompletely, occurs most commonly during the infantile stages of life.
a)
Greenstick Fracture
b)
Stable Fracture
c)
Bluestick Fracture
d)
Comminuted Fracture 
160.
What kind of fracture is shown in the picture?
a)
Open or compound
b)
Closed or simple
161.
a)
Compression Fracture
b)
Compound Fracture
c)
Greenstick Fracture
d)
Comminuted Fracture
162.

The xray shows a fracture that has bones broken into more than two pieces. What type of fracture is this?

a)

Simple

b)

Compound

c)

Impacted

d)

Comminuted

163.

Closed Reduction

a)

Treating a bone through realignment with one's hands

b)

Treating a bone surgically with pins, rods, screws, and/or wires

c)

Placing the broken bone within a cast, splint, or boot

164.

Open Reduction

a)

Treating a bone through realignment with one's hands

b)

Treating a bone surgically with pins, rods, screws, and/or wires

c)

Placing the broken bone within a cast, splint, or boot

165.

Immobilization

a)

Treating a bone through realignment with one's hands

b)

Treating a bone surgically with pins, rods, screws, and/or wires

c)

Placing the broken bone within a cast, splint, or boot

166.

Which special test is used to determine the integrity of the MCL?

a)

Lachman's Test

b)

Posterior Drawer

c)

Valgus Stress Test

d)

Varus Stress Test

167.

Which special test is used to determine the integrity of the LCL?

a)

Apley's Compression Test

b)

Posterior Drawer

c)

Valgus Stress Test

d)

Varus Stress Test

168.

Which ligament prevents the tibia from moving backward on the femur?

a)

MCL

b)

LCL

c)

PCL

d)

ACL

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