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Unit D Human Systems Review

Total questions: 164

Worksheet time: 1hrs 21mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

This is a tube also known as the windpipe that is about 12cm long with rings of cartilage to keep it open

a)

Nasal cavity

b)

Trachea

c)

Mouth Cavity

d)

Pharynx

2.
Two short tubes that carry air into the lungs
a)
Trachea
b)
Bronchioles
c)
Lungs
d)
Bronchi
3.

Clusters of tiny air sacs in the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the lungs and blood.

a)

Bronchioles

b)

Diaphragm

c)

Alveoli

d)

Capillaries

4.
Muscular structure that helps to expand and contract the lungs, forcing air in and out
a)
Pharynx
b)
Nasal cavity
c)
Alveoli
d)
Diaphragm
5.
Passage way that moistens the air and has hairs to trap dust and particles
a)
Nasal cavity
b)
Bronchi
c)
Mouth cavity
d)
Larynx
6.
This is a tube-like pasage used for food, liquid, and air
a)
Larynx
b)
Trachea
c)
Pharynx
d)
Lungs
7.

What is the function of the respiratory system?

a)

Take in O2

b)

Do cellular respiration

c)

Take in O2 and remove CO2

d)

Make sugar

8.
Made up of spongy, elastic tissue that stretches as you breathe
a)
Alveoli
b)
Lungs
c)
Nasal Cavity
d)
Pharynx
9.
The air sacs that are covered with capillaries where gas exchange takes place
a)
bronchi
b)
lungs
c)
oxygen
d)
alveoli
10.

Flap of tissue that covers the opening to the windpipe during swallowing so food/liquid cannot enter the lungs:

a)

Pharynx

b)

Trachea

c)

Epiglottis

d)

Larynx

e)

Esophagus

11.

The respiratory system is part of which circuit of the circulatory system?

a)

pulmonary

b)

systemic

c)

coronary

d)

alveolar

12.
A chamber behind the nose and mouth that leads to the trachea
a)
pharynx
b)
trachea
c)
epiglottis
d)
larynx
13.

What happens when your diaphragm relaxes and moves upward?

a)

Your lungs deflate and you breathe out.

b)

Your lungs inflate and you breathe in.

c)

Your alveoli transfer oxygen to your bloodstream.

d)

Your bloodstream transfers carbon dioxide to your alveoli.

14.

What is the function of these tiny hairs (cilia) in the bronchial tubes?

a)

moistens the air as it enters the lungs

b)

helps the lungs get carbon dioxide

c)

removes unwanted matter from the lungs

d)

helps the lungs get oxygen

15.
Given the following structures:
1. alveoli
2. bronchi
3. bronchioles
Which of the following is the correct order in which air would flow after inhalation? 
a)
1,2,3
b)
2,1,3
c)
2,3,1
d)
3,2,1
16.

The use of oxygen by the cells to release usable energy from organic molecules in food is called...

a)

photosynthesis

b)

cellular respiration

c)

diffusion

d)

osmosis

17.

The movement of oxygen from the alveoli to the blood and from the blood to the tissues is due to the process of...

a)

osmosis

b)

diffusion

c)

cellular respiration

d)

phagocytosis

18.

Gases move from a lower pressure to a higher pressure.

a)

True

b)

False

19.

The pleural membrane surrounds the lungs and ensures

a)

The lungs move with the ribs

b)

They don't collapse

c)

There are two (plural = pleural?)

d)

The alveoli have a membrane for diffusion

20.

Which of the following filter and moisten air as it passes through the human respiratory system?

a)

cilia and mucous

b)

alveoli and cartilage rings

c)

diaphragm and bronchioles

d)

epiglottis and bronchi

21.

Which sequence correctly sequences the movement of air during inspiration?

a)

trachea -> bronchi -> bronchioles -> alveoli -> blood

b)

trachea -> bronchi -> bronchioles -> alveoli -> nose

c)

alveoli -> trachea -> bronchioles -> bronchi -> blood

d)

alveoli -> bronchioles -> bronchi -> trachea -> mouth

22.

Which diagram best illustrates the function of an alveolus?

a)
b)
c)
d)
23.

Which structure shown in the diagram below contracts, causing a pressure to decrease in the chest cavity during inspiration?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

24.

An increase in breathing rate can be triggered by an increase in the

a)

carbon dioxide content of the blood

b)

oxygen content of the atmosphere

c)

number of platelets in the blood

d)

number of red blood cells

25.

In humans, the thin, moist membranes of the alveoli are surrounded by

a)

bronchi

b)

the epiglottis

c)

capillaries

d)

lymph vessels

26.

A man develops a severe infection in his lungs. This would impact the man's ability to

a)

digest food

b)

transport nutrients throughout the body

c)

absorb oxygen and expel carbon dioxide

d)

learn biology

27.

What type of cells transport oxygen in the blood?

a)

red blood cells

b)

white blood cells

c)

iron

d)

platelets

28.

Which part of the brain controls breathing?

a)

cerebellum

b)

Hypothalamus

c)

Frontal cortex

d)

medulla oblongata

29.

Check all that apply to inhalation

a)

Diaphragm moves up

b)

Intercostal muscles pull ribs inward

c)

Intercostal muscles make ribs move out

d)

Diaphragm contracts

e)

Creates larger pressure in lungs

30.

Check all that apply to exhalation

a)

Diaphragm relaxes

b)

Pressure in lungs drops

c)

Pressure is lower outside the body

d)

Diaphragm moves down

31.

Which are true? Check TWO true statements 🤪

a)

Increase in volume= increase in pressure

b)

decrease in volume= increase in pressure

c)

decrease in volume= decrease in pressure

d)

Increase in volume= decrease in pressure

32.

Which metabolic process is made possible by gas exchange between the alveoli and capillaries?

a)

hydrolysis of starch

b)

enzyme production

c)

diffusion

d)

cellular respiration

33.

Where is the partial pressure of oxygen the highest?

a)

atmosphere

b)

lungs

c)

alveoli

d)

tissue cells

e)

veins

34.

Where is the partial pressure of carbon dioxide the highest?

a)

atmosphere

b)

lungs

c)

alveoli

d)

tissue cells

35.

What is the protein that transports oxygen in blood? And which type of atom does it contain that allows it to bond to oxygen?

a)

hemoglobin, nitrogen

b)

hemoglobin, iron

c)

myoglobin, iron

d)

oxyhemoglobin, oxygen

36.

Oxygen delivery to cells by hemoglobin in red blood cells is very efficient.

a)

true (delivers 100% of oxygen to cells)

b)

false (only delivers about 30% of oxygen to cells)

37.

Oxygen dissociates from hemoglobin because as it travels from the lungs to the tissue cells because

a)

partial pressure of O2 increases

b)

partial pressure of O2 decreases

c)

partial pressure of O2 stays the same

d)

partial pressure of CO2 decreases

38.

In the blood, CO2 is converted to carbonic acid (H2CO3) because:

a)

it keeps the partial pressure of CO2 in the blood low so CO2 will keep moving out of tissues into the blood

b)

it gets converted to an acid and for ideal function blood needs a very low pH

c)

it helps hemoglobin bond to oxygen more effectively

d)

it makes biology students learn more .... 😝

39.

In addition to its key role to transport O2 hemoglobin is a buffer and picks up H+ ions from carbonic acid in the blood. Buffering means that hemoglobin:

a)

neutralizes the pH of the blood

b)

makes the blood acidic

c)

makes the blood basic

d)

takes forever to stream movies

40.

When CO2 levels are high, a chemoreceptor in the medulla oblongata sends a signal to the:

a)

alveoli to diffuse gases more effectively

b)

heart to beat slower

c)

diaphragm and intercostal muscles to increase breathing

d)

muscles to begin lactic acid fermentation

41.

O2 receptors are a backup system for regulating breathing. They are only activated when CO2 remains unchanged. Check the situations that would lead to low O2 but no change in CO2

a)

Increased exercise

b)

High altitudes

c)

Increased cellular respiration

d)

Carbon monoxide poisoning (binds to hemoglobin)

42.

Which type of muscle is in the heart?

a)

cardiac

b)

skeletal

c)

smooth

d)

red

43.

Which type of muscle would be found in your bicep?

a)

cardiac

b)

skeletal

c)

smooth

d)

super strong

44.

Which type of muscle would be found in your stomach and the walls of blood vessels?

a)

cardiac

b)

skeletal

c)

smooth

d)

organy

45.

What is an example of antagonist pairs of muscles that work opposite each other to bend and contract a joint?

a)

tricep and bicep

b)

tricep and quadricep

c)

hamstring and gluteus maximus

d)

diaphragm and intercostal muscles

46.

Which type of muscles are involuntary (they work without our conscious control)? Check all!

a)

cardiac

b)

smooth

c)

skeletal

47.

Muscle contractions require:

a)

Lactic acid

b)

ATP

c)

NADPH

d)

creatine phosphate supplements

48.

Which type of muscles would Jed be using to run 10 km?

a)

fast twitch

b)

slow twitch

c)

smooth

49.

What makes up the majority of blood and contains mostly water and dissolved molecules and ions?

a)

plasma

b)

red blood cells

c)

platelets

d)

white blood cells

50.

Where are blood cells made?

a)

liver

b)

nephron

c)

bone marrow

d)

heart

51.

What is the function of red blood cells?

a)

immune response

b)

blood clotting

c)

transport oxygen

d)

transport glucose

52.

Which type of blood cells is this referring to?

a)

red blood cells

b)

white blood cells

c)

platelets

d)

killer t-cells

53.

Markers on the outside of any cell, such as red blood cells, are called:

a)

antibodies

b)

antigens

c)

agglutinations

d)

membrane marker

54.

Which types of antigens and antibodies does someone with type B blood have?

a)

A antigens and anti-B antibodies

b)

No antigens or antibodies

c)

A antigens and anti-A antibodies

d)

B antigens and anti-A antibodies

55.

Red blood cells with no antigens are:

a)

Type O

b)

Type AB

c)

Type A

d)

Type B

e)

Impossible!

56.

Someone with type AB blood could receive blood from (check all that apply)

a)

Type A

b)

Type B

c)

Type AB

d)

Type O

e)

No one

57.

Someone with type O blood can only receive blood from someone with type (a)   blood (just put the letter)

58.

People with Rh+ blood:

a)

have the Rh antigen and make anti-Rh antibodies

b)

have no Rh antigen and make anti-Rh antibodies

c)

have the Rh antigen and do not make anti-Rh antibodies

d)

are vampires

59.

Red blood cells have a biconcave shape to maximize the __________ of the cell membrane for oxygen diffusion.

a)

surface area

b)

volume

c)

flatness

d)

active transport

60.

Which type of white blood cell allows vaccinations to work?

a)

helper T cells

b)

suppressor T cells

c)

memory B cells

d)

killer T cells

61.

When white blood cells engulf and destroy a foreign invader in the body, such as a bacterium, this is called

a)

antibodies

b)

inflammatory response

c)

phagocytosis

d)

awesome

62.

The reason you get a fever when you're sick with a viral or bacterial infection is because your body is

a)

doing more cellular respiration because it's working hard

b)

trying to make it too hot for the bacteria or virus to survive

c)

overwhelmed and cannot maintain normal body temperature

63.

The type of white blood cell that kill infected human cells to get rid of invaders are called:

a)

Killer T cells

b)

Helper B cells

c)

Memory B cells

d)

Suppressor T cells

64.

Which of the following is NOT true about antibodies?

a)

They are Y-shaped proteins

b)

They recognize specific antigens

c)

They are located on the cell membrane of invaders

d)

They mark invaders for destruction by T cells

e)

They are produced by B cells

65.

The end result of protein digestion by enzymes is

a)

amino acids

b)

monosaccharides

c)

fatty acids

d)

cellulose

66.

Which of the following is an example of a monomer?

a)

starch

b)

glycogen

c)

fructose

d)

oil

67.

The ratio of carbon:hydrogen:oxygen in simple sugars is always:

a)

1:2:1

b)

2:1:1

c)

1:3:1

d)

2:1:2

68.

The reaction in the image is the formation of the disaccharide sucrose from glucose and fructose. This type of reaction is called:

a)

hydrolysis

b)

dehydration synthesis

c)

disacchasynthesis

d)

making water from sweet stuff

69.

The polysaccharide storage molecules for glucose in plants and animals are, respectively:

a)

starch, fat

b)

cellulose, glycogen

c)

starch, glycogen

d)

cellulose, lipids

70.

The molecular building blocks of lipids are:

Check all that apply

a)

glycerol

b)

fatty acids

c)

glycogen

d)

monosaccharides

e)

amino acids

71.

Which is NOT a difference between saturated and unsaturated triglycerides?

a)

plants often contain saturated fats

b)

unsaturated have double bonds

c)

saturated have only single bonds ("full" of H atoms)

d)

butter is an example of a saturated fat

e)

avocado oil is an example of unsaturated fat

72.

Cooking an egg is an example of:

a)

coagulation of a polypeptide

b)

denaturation of a carbohydrate

c)

a physical change

d)

dehydration synthesis

73.

Hydrolysis means:

a)

using water to break apart a molecule

b)

splitting a water molecule

c)

making polymers from monomers

d)

cells exploding and releasing water

74.

Which type of lipid would you find on leaves or feathers?

a)

triglycerides

b)

waxes

c)

oils

75.

Which type of nutrient is used to make the structural components of cells?

a)

proteins

b)

carbohydrates

c)

lipids

d)

vitamins

76.

___________________ are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions

a)

Enzymes

b)

Proteins

c)

Hormones

d)

Antibodies

77.

If B is an enzyme, what are A and C?

a)

A = substrate and C = active site

b)

A = active site and C = substrate

c)

A = regulatory site and C = substrate

d)

A = 🎃 and C = lid

78.

What is true about how substrate molecule concentration affects enzyme activity?

a)

More substrate molecules means more enzyme activity

b)

More substrate molecules increases enzyme activity until a certain level when it plateaus

c)

Substrates always act as inhibitors

d)

Enzymes bind to a variety of substrates so it has no impact

79.

Enzymes function the best within specific ranges of

a)

pH

b)

Temperature

c)

Both pH and temperature

d)

Neither affects enzymes. They're tough.

80.

Trypsin breaks down proteins in the small intestine. At which pH does it likely function best?

a)

2

b)

6

c)

8

d)

12

81.

Which digestive enzyme is NOT correctly matched to its substrate?

a)

Disaccharidase - glucose

b)

Trypsin - polypeptide

c)

Amylase - starch

d)

Lipase - fat

82.

In the reactions of cellular respiration ADP a

can function as regulator of an enzyme in order to

a)

Increase enzyme activity

b)

Suppress enzyme activity

c)

Inhibit enzyme activity

d)

Block the enzymes active site

83.

The digestion of food involves

a)

physical and chemical breakdown, combined with absorption of nutrients.

b)

physical and chemical breakdown, combined with elimination of metabolic wastes.

c)

chemical breakdown, elimination of metabolic wastes, and absorption of nutrients.

d)

physical breakdown, absorption of nutrients, and elimination of metabolic wastes.

84.

Penicillin is an antibiotic that people take to treat bacterial infections. It works by binding to the active site on the enzyme that makes the cell wall in bacteria so it can no longer function, and ultimately causes bacteria to burst! This is an example of

a)

feedback inhibition

b)

regulation of enzyme activity

c)

competitive inhibition

d)

enzyme activation

85.

In which structure does CHEMICAL digestion by an enzyme begin?

a)

1

b)

3

c)

7

d)

8

86.

What is the function of your teeth in terms of digestion?

a)

physical digestion to break down food

b)

chemical digestion to break down food

c)

lubricate food for swallowing

d)

make your smile look amazing 😁

87.

Which digestive agent causes heartburn (a burning sensation in the esophagus)?

a)

sucrase

b)

hydrochloric acid (HCl)

c)

bile

d)

pepsin

e)

bile

88.

The parts of the digestive system that food or partially digested food passes through are labelled:

a)

1, 3, 4, 5, 6

b)

1, 2, 3, 6, 7

c)

1, 2, 3, 7, 8

d)

2, 3, 4, 5, 6

89.

Food travels down the esophagus due to the action of:

a)

gravity

b)

peristalsis (involuntary muscle contractions)

c)

diffusion from high to low concentrations

d)

the epiglottis pushing

90.

What protects the lining of the stomach from being digested by proteases and damaged by HCl?

a)

alkaline mucus

b)

enzyme inhibitors

c)

cell membrane

d)

saliva

91.

A low pH would enhance the breakdown of:

a)

protein in the small intestine.

b)

lipids in the small intestine.

c)

protein in the stomach.

d)

lipids in the liver.

92.

Pepsinogen and trypsinogen are precursors to enzymes that break down proteins in the stomach and small intestines. Why can't they be made and transported in their active form?

a)

they are only activated by the presence of protein

b)

they would digest the proteins in organs and blood vessels

c)

they need to be physically broken down to be functional

d)

it makes biology more complicated for students 😆

93.

The small intestine has a very large surface area to allow for maximal absorption of nutrients. Which of the following increase the surface area of the small intestine? Check all

a)

length of up to 7m

b)

villi

c)

microvilli

d)

large diameter

94.

Monosaccharides and amino acids can be absorbed by the capillaries that surround the villi in the small intestine. Which structure surrounding the villi is used to absorb and transport lipids?

a)

lacteals

b)

lactase

c)

the liver

d)

the gallbladder

95.

Why does the pancreas release bicarbonate ions into the duodenum when it receives the signal that food has entered the small intestine?

a)

to break down fats by physical digestion

b)

to break down sugars by chemical digestion

c)

to neutralize the stomach acid entering the SI

d)

to combine with sodium to make baking soda

96.

What is the role of the pancreas in terms of enzymes for digesting foods?

a)

It secretes the enzymes and digestion takes place in the small intestine

b)

It uses the enzymes to do digestion itself (in the pancreas)

c)

It secretes salivary amylase that goes to the mouth

d)

It secretes bile salts to break down fats

97.

What is the role of the liver in terms of digestion?

a)

produces bile salts which move to the small intestine where they physically break down fats

b)

produces bile salts and breaks down fats

c)

stores bile salts

d)

processes poisins like alcohol

98.

The gallbladder stores bile salts and releases them into the small intestine as needed. If someone has their gallbladder removed, how would they have to change their diet?

a)

drink more water

b)

eat less fatty foods

c)

eat a low carb diet

d)

become vegetarian

99.

In digestion, why do foods need to be physically broken down (by chewing, stomach contractions, bile salts)?

a)

This is an example of hydrolysis to break chemical bonds

b)

This converts polymers to monomers

c)

This helps the kidneys work more efficiently

d)

This increases surface area for chemical digestion

100.

Which digestive enzyme is correctly matched to its substrate?

a)

trypsin - fats

b)

lipase - protein

c)

maltase - fats

d)

amylase - starch

101.

Why is cellulose important even though our body can't break it down?

a)

It provides bulk to stool so it gets removed from the body regularly

b)

Trick - cellulose can be broken down into sugar

c)

It absorbs water in the large intestine

d)

It tastes good with Cheez Whiz

102.

Kidney stones are most commonly found in the kidney, the bladder or the ureter. Identify those structures in the diagram.

a)

2, 3, 4

b)

1, 2, 3

c)

2, 3, 5

d)

2, 4, 5

103.

In the nephron, the concentration of a substance is much higher in the capillaries (7) than in the collecting tubule (6) leading to the ureter. There is a good possibility that the substance is

a)

glucose

b)

urea

c)

penicillin (an antibiotic)

d)

H+ ions

104.

The kidney is responsible for the excretion of:

a)

urea and feces

b)

lactic acid and alcohol

c)

urea and excess hydrogen ions

d)

carbon dioxide and excess oxygen

105.

What is deamination?

a)

removal of ammonia from excess protein so ammonia can be used in the body

b)

removal of amino group from excess protein to form carbohydrates

c)

reabsorption of amino acids

d)

removal of excess nucleic acids like DNA

106.

Which of the following is not a step in blood filtration in the nephron?

a)

water and dissolved solutes in the blood move from the glomerulus into the tubules to be processed

b)

useful nutrients are reabsorbed from the tubules into the capillaries

c)

harmful waste molecules are actively transported out of capillaries into the tubules for excretion

d)

blood cells move from the glomerulus into the tubules to be processed

107.

The thickest and strongest blood vessel is an

a)

vein

b)

artery

c)

capillary

d)

both veins and capillaries

108.

The blood vessels with the highest pressure are:

a)

veins

b)

capillaries

c)

atria

d)

arteries

109.
Carry blood away from heart; mostly oxygen-rich
a)
Arteries
b)
Veins
c)
Capillaries
110.
Carry blood toward heart; mostly oxygen-poor
a)
Arteries
b)
Veins
c)
Capillaries
111.

These are one cell thick

a)

arteries

b)

capillaries

c)

veins

112.

Which blood vessels take blood AWAY from the heart?

a)

Veins

b)

Arteries

c)

Capillaries

113.

Which blood vessel has valves to prevent the back-flow of blood?

a)

Veins

b)

Arteries

c)

Capillaries

114.

What is the function of most arteries?

a)

Transport deoxygenated blood

b)

Transport oxygenated blood

c)

Site for exchange of materials

115.

This separates the heart into two separate sections for oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor blood:

a)

septum

b)

atria

c)

ventricles

d)

apex

116.

What is the function of the coronary artery?

a)

Transports oxygenated blood from aorta to heart muscles

b)

Transports oxygenated blood from aorta to liver

c)

Transports oxygenated blood from aorta to kidneys

117.

Which blood vessel transports oxygenated blood to the rest of the body?

a)

Pulmonary artery

b)

Aorta

c)

Hepatic artery

d)

Renal artery

118.

Which blood vessel transports oxygen poor blood from the rest of the body back to the heart?

a)

Pulmonary vein

b)

Carotid artery

c)

Renal vein

d)

Vena cava

119.

All arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart EXCEPT:

a)

pulmonary arteries

b)

the aorta

c)

arterioles

d)

trick question - none do

120.

All veins carry oxygen-poor blood back to the heart, EXCEPT

a)

the inferior vena cava

b)

the superior vena cava

c)

the pulmonary veins

d)

the blue veins

121.

True or false? Blood in human veins is blue.

a)

True

b)

False

c)

It depends on how much the human breathes

d)

They are generally green.

122.

What is #1?

a)

Right Atrium

b)

Aorta

c)

Inferior Vena Cava

d)

Superior Vena Cava

123.

What is #2?

a)

Superior Vena Cava

b)

Valves

c)

Left Ventricle

d)

Pulmonary Artery

124.

What is #3?

a)

Right Atrium

b)

Left Atrium

c)

Right Ventricle

d)

Left Ventricle

125.

What is #4?

a)

Pulmonary Artery

b)

Aorta

c)

Pulmonary Vein

d)

AV valve

126.

What is #5?

a)

Right Atrium

b)

Right Ventricle

c)

Left Atrium

d)

Left Ventricle

127.

What is #8?

a)

Aorta

b)

Pulmonary Vein

c)

Pulmonary Artery

d)

Vena Cava

128.

What is #9?

a)

Aorta

b)

Vena Cava

c)

Pulmonary Artery

d)

Pulmonary Vein

129.

What is #10?

a)

Right Atrium

b)

Left Atrium

c)

Right Ventricle

d)

Left Ventricle

130.

What is #11?

a)

Aorta

b)

Pulmonary Artery

c)

AV valve

d)

Pulmonary Vein

131.

What is #12?

a)

Right Atrium

b)

Left Atrium

c)

Right Ventricle

d)

Left Ventricle

132.

What is #15?

a)

Pulmonary Artery

b)

Pulmonary Vein

c)

Vena Cava

d)

Aorta

133.

Veins carry blood ______________ the heart.

a)

to

b)

away from

134.

Arteries carry blood ______________ the heart.

a)

to

b)

away from

135.

The largest ARTERY in our body:

a)

Pulmonary Artery

b)

Inferior Vena Cava

c)

Aorta

d)

Septum

136.

Blood carries (choose the BEST option):

a)

Nutrients

b)

Oxygen

c)

Carbon Dioxide

d)

All of the above

137.

The correct order of deoxygenated blood entering the heart and traveling to the lungs:

a)

Aorta > right ventricle> right atrium > left atrium > left ventricle > lungs

b)

Vena cava > right atrium > right ventricle> pulmonary artery > lungs

c)

Vena Cava > left atrium > left ventricle > pulmonary vein > lungs

d)

Pulmonary vein > left atrium > left ventricle > aorta> body

138.

The correct order of oxygenated blood entering the heart and going to the body:

a)

Pulmonary vein > left atrium > left ventricle > aorta> body

b)

Pulmonary artery > right atrium > right ventricle > aorta > body

c)

Aorta > left ventricle > left atrium > body

d)

Pulmonary vein > left ventricle > right atrium > pulmonary artery > body

139.
when the heart contracts after the blood is in the left atrium, it squeezes blood into this powerful part
a)
heart
b)
left ventricle
c)
right ventricle
d)
lungs
140.

Which is NOT a function of the circulatory system?

a)

deliver O2 and nutrients to cells

b)

remove CO2 and wastes from cells

c)

break down carbohydrates into glucose

d)

transport nutrients to tissue cells

e)

transport wastes for excretion

141.
The heart has _____ chambers 
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
142.

Which of the following best describes the exchange of gases between capillaries and body cells?

a)

Carbon dioxide and oxygen enter the body.

b)

Carbon dioxide and oxygen switch places.

c)

Carbon dioxide and oxygen leave the body.

d)

When gases travel around the room.

143.

The chamber of the heart that receives oxygen poor blood from the other parts of the body

a)

Right Atrium

b)

Left Ventricle

c)

Right Ventricle

d)

Left Atrium

144.
What is the purpose of the valves found in the heart?
a)
to keep blood from flowing backward
b)
to connect the chambers of the heart
c)
to keep blood pressure at the right level
d)
to filter the blood
145.

Blood coming from the left leg would enter which chamber of the heart?

a)
right ventricle
b)
left atrium
c)
left ventricle
d)
right atrium
146.

What are the two functions of the circulatory system?

a)

oxygen from lungs --> heart --> body

b)

carbon dioxide from body --> heart --> lungs

c)

oxygen from body --> heart --> lungs

d)

carbon dioxide from lungs --> heart --> body

147.

Two ways your body can lose heat

a)

Evaporation of sweat

b)

Shivering

c)

Body hairs becoming erect

d)

Vasodilation

148.

These send the nerve signal to the ventricles to contract:

a)

Purkinje fibres

b)

hypothalamus

c)

AV valve

d)

chordae tendinae

149.

What is diastole?

a)

ventricles filling

b)

ventricles pumping

c)

atria filling

d)

a measure of heart rate

150.

When the ventricles empty, this is known as:

a)

diastole

b)

systole

c)

systemic

d)

thump thump

151.

What is cardiac output? Check all that apply!

a)

how much blood is pumped by the heart each minute

b)

stroke volume (mL/beat) x heart rate (beats/min)

c)

the same as a heart attack

d)

approximately 500L/min in an average 70 kg human

152.

Which person would have stronger heart?

a)

Joe - high stroke volume, low heart rate

b)

Bob - low stroke rate, high heart rate

c)

Ms. Matthews - heartless

153.

Which process in the human body releases heat?

a)

photosynthesis

b)

cellular respiration

c)

heart filling

d)

vasoconstriction

154.

There is another system of vessels in the body that circulates fluid important for the immune system in a way that is similar to veins. What is it called?

a)

The digestive system

b)

The respiratory system

c)

The lymphatic system

d)

The muscles

155.

In a stressful situation, which type of nervous system would be stimulated and what's the result?

a)

parasympathetic - decrease heart rate

b)

sympathetic - increase heart rate

156.

What causes the classic lub dub heart sounds?

a)

filling and emptying of the chambers in the heart

b)

blood moving through arteries

c)

blood leaving the aorta

d)

blood moving through the capillaries

157.

The part of the circulatory system that delivers blood to the body's cells is called:

a)

pulmonary

b)

cardiac

c)

systemic

d)

ventricular

158.

Which chamber of the heart has the thickest, strongest muscle for pumping oxygenated blood out to the entire body?

a)

left atrium

b)

right atrium

c)

left ventricle

d)

right ventricle

159.

What is true about the carotid artery? Check all that apply.

a)

It takes blood from the aorta to the head

b)

It is in the neck and can be used to measure heart rate

c)

It takes blood from the head back to the heart

d)

You will need it to carry oxygenated blood to your brain during your exam!

e)

A blockage in this artery would likely not be serious

160.

Capillary networks facilitate the exchange of gases and nutrients in which structures? Check all that apply

a)

around the villi in the small intestine

b)

around the alveoli in the lungs

c)

around the nephron tubules in the kidney

d)

around the stomach lining

161.

Which chamber of the heart fills with oxygenated blood from the lungs?

a)

left atrium

b)

pulmonary veins

c)

left ventricle

d)

right atrium

e)

right ventricle

162.

Which chamber of the heart fills with deoxygenated blood from the body?

a)

left atrium

b)

pulmonary veins

c)

left ventricle

d)

right atrium

e)

right ventricle

163.

What is the largest artery in the human body?

a)

aorta

b)

coronary artery

c)

pulmonary arteries

d)

superior vena cava

164.

On the first heart beat (diastole), both aorta contract to push blood into the ventricles. On the second heart beat (systole), both ventricles contract to pump blood into the pulmonary and systemic circuits. Check all statements that are true about the pumping by the ventricles.

a)

the left ventricle pumps oxygen poor blood to the lungs

b)

the left ventricle pumps oxygen poor blood to the body

c)

the right ventricle pumps oxygen poor blood to the lungs

d)

the left ventricle pumps oxygen rich blood to the body

e)

Both ventricles cannot contract at the same time.

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