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Worksheets4.4 Protein Synthesis
Total questions: 17
Worksheet time: 20mins
A polypeptide is a sequence of ____________________ held together by a ______________ bond.
amino acids; peptide
fatty acids; ionic
proteins; hydrogen
fatty acids; covalent
The Central Dogma is a theory stating that genetic information flows only in one direction!
Which order is correct?
1. RNA
Translates
2. DNA
Transcribes
3. Proteins
1. DNA
Translates
2. RNA
Transcribes
3. Proteins
1. DNA
Transcribed
2. RNA
Translated
3. Proteins
1. Proteins
Transcribes
2. RNA
Translated
3. DNA
Where does Transcription occur
Nucleus
Ribosome
ER
Mitochondria
What is the mRNA sequences for the following DNA strand?
TAC GTA
GCT AGC
ATG CAT
AUG CAU
Where does Translation occur?
In the Nucleus at the Ribosome
In the Cytoplasm at the Ribosome
At the RNA with the Nucleus
In the Cytoplasm at the Chloroplast
What is the end product of translation?
mRNA that can leave the nucleus
Amino acid chain
monosaccharide chain
Anticodon
What is the term that refers to changes in the DNA sequence of a single gene?
Mutagen
Mutation
Diversity
Replication
How can a mutation in the DNA sequence result in NO change to the protein that is made?
There are multiple codons that can code for the same amino acid and result in the same protein resulting in a silent mutation.
There is always a change in the protein (amino acid) when a mutation occurs as mutations ALWAYS change the outcome.
Only the mRNA is used in protein synthesis so a mutation in the DNA would have no effect on the protein
Extra Credit: Mutations that occur in _________ cells are passed from parents to offspring.
Somatic
Germ
Brain
Genotypic
A point mutation that does not change the amino acid sequence is known as a(n) ____________ mutation.
Frameshift
Nondisjunction
Inversion
Silent
Why are insertion and deletion (frameshift) mutations so harmful?
They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the line, which changes the amino acid sequence
They insert things that an organism doesn't need.
They often delete things that organisms need.
Insertion and deletions are not any more harmful than substitution mutations.
The Codon:
UGG
Codes for which of the following Amino Acids
Stop
Trp
His
Cys
TRANSCRIBE this DNA sequence: TACGTTACT
AUGCAAUGA
ATGCAATGA
AUGGATUGA
TACGTTACT
TRANSLATE this RNA sequence: AUGGAAUGA
Met-Glu-Stop
Met-His-Stop
Thr-Glu-Stop
Thr-Pro-Stop
Think Critically: Why can a human gene be inserted into a bacterium and still produce the correct protein?
Because bacteria and humans have identical DNA sequences which makes them exactly the same type of organism
Because all organisms use the same exact order of amino acids in proteins
Because the genetic code is universal and the same codons code for the same amino acids in almost all organisms
Because bacteria can only produce human proteins
