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Introduction to Economics (Basics)

Total questions: 60

Worksheet time: 20mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the term used for the value of the next best alternative given up when a decision is made?

a)

Opportunity Cost

b)

Scarcity

c)

Trade-off

d)

Production cost

2.

What type of economic system is characterized by private ownership of resources and free market competition?

a)

Communism

b)

Command

c)

Capitalism

d)

Socialist

e)

Traditional

3.

Mia, Aiden, and Ethan are planning a party. They have a limited budget (resources) but a long list of things they want for the party (wants). What economic problem are they facing?

a)

Unlimited resources and limited wants

b)

Limited resources and unlimited wants

c)

Unlimited resources and limited needs

d)

Limited needs and unlimited wants

4.

Abigail, Aiden, and James are running a lemonade stand. What is the money they earn primarily used for in their small economy?

a)

To increase their wealth

b)

To reduce scarcity of lemonade

c)

To facilitate trade of lemonade for other goods

d)

To limit consumption of lemonade

5.

Samuel is a professional photographer. He captures beautiful moments at weddings, birthdays, and other events. In economics, what is the term used for these actions or activities that Samuel performs for Daniel and Avery?

a)

Goods

b)

Services

c)

Needs

d)

Wants

6.

Abigail, Noah, and Sophia are discussing about different types of economies. They are particularly interested in a command economy. In such an economy, who would be responsible for deciding all three economic questions of what, how, and for whom to produce?

a)

Businesses

b)

Consumers

c)

Government

d)

Entrepreneurs

7.

Anika, Abigail, and William are planning to start a lemonade stand. According to the text, what fundamental question must they answer?

a)

How much lemonade to produce?

b)

When to produce the lemonade?

c)

Where to produce the lemonade?

d)

What type of lemonade, how, and for whom to produce?

8.

Evelyn, Emma, and Anika are studying different types of economies in their social studies class. They learned about an economy that relies primarily on self-contained communities and is usually based on farming, herding, or hunting. Can you help them identify what type of economy it is?

a)

Traditional economy

b)

Command economy

c)

Market economy

d)

Socialist economy

9.

Zoe, Avery, and Abigail are studying different types of economies. They are currently discussing a command economy. In this type of economy, who would be responsible for deciding all three economic questions?

a)

Businesses

b)

Consumers

c)

Government

d)

Entrepreneurs

10.

Lily, David, and Oliver are discussing about different economic systems. They are trying to identify the system that is characterized by private ownership of resources and free market competition. What type of economic system are they referring to?

a)

Businesses

b)

Consumers

c)

Government

d)

Entrepreneurs

11.

Jackson, Mia, and Harper are discussing different types of economic systems in their economics class. They mentioned Socialist economy, Traditional economy, and Market economy. However, one of them mentioned Subsistence economy. Which of these is NOT a type of economic system they discussed in the text?

a)

Socialist economy

b)

Traditional economy

c)

Market economy

d)

Subsistence economy

12.

David, Aria, and Grace are discussing economics. David mentions the concept of Ceteris Paribus. Aria asks, 'What is the purpose of the concept of Ceteris Paribus in economics?'

a)

To focus on general truths and theories while excluding exceptions

b)

To focus on specific instances while ignoring general trends

c)

To focus on exceptions rather than general rules

d)

To focus on practical applications rather than theoretical concepts

13.

Rohan, Jackson, and Henry live in a remote village where they rely primarily on their self-contained community. Their main activities include farming, herding, or hunting. What type of economy does their village represent?

a)

Traditional economy

b)

Command economy

c)

Mixed economy

d)

Free market economy (Capitalism)

14.

Sophia, Jackson, and Grace are starting a business. They have a piece of land, some money, their labor, and their entrepreneurship skills. Which of these is NOT considered a factor of production in economics?

a)

Land

b)

Labor

c)

Money

d)

Entrepreneurship

15.

In a school project, Sophia, Emma, and David are studying different types of economies. They are currently discussing a command economy. In this type of economy, who would be responsible for deciding all three economic questions?

a)

Businesses

b)

Consumers

c)

Government

d)

Entrepreneurs

16.

James is at a restaurant. Mia is his waitress and she is taking his order, cooking his food, and serving it to him. In economics, what is the term used for these actions that Mia is performing for James?

a)

Wants

b)

Needs

c)

Goods

d)

Services

17.

Emma, Mason, and Harper are running a small business. They noticed that their machinery is losing its value as it is used up or wears out. What is the term used for this decline in the value of physical capital?

a)

Depreciation

b)

Investment

c)

Quality and quantity of machinery

d)

Level of demand for goods

18.

Liam, Olivia, and James live in a country where they are allowed to own property and accumulate wealth. However, the country's economic system also includes a redistribution of wealth to every member of society. What type of economic system does their country follow?

a)

Free market economy

b)

Command economy

c)

Traditional economy

d)

Socialist economy

19.

Michael, Abigail, and Harper are discussing different types of economic systems in their economics class. Michael mentions Socialist economy, Abigail talks about Traditional economy, and Harper brings up Market economy. Which of the following is NOT a type of economic system they discussed?

a)

Socialist economy

b)

Traditional economy

c)

Market economy

d)

Subsistence economy

20.

Zoe, Scarlett, and Aria are studying economics. They come across the concept of Ceteris Paribus. What is the purpose of this concept in their studies?

a)

To help them focus on general truths and theories in economics while excluding exceptions

b)

To help them focus on specific instances in economics while ignoring general trends

c)

To help them focus on exceptions in economics rather than general rules

d)

To help them focus on practical applications in economics rather than theoretical concepts

21.

Priya, Abigail, and Sophia are running a lemonade stand. What is their primary goal in terms of efficiency in economics?

a)

Maximizing the number of lemonades they can make given unlimited lemons and sugar

b)

Minimizing the number of lemonades they can make given limited lemons and sugar

c)

Maximizing the number of lemonades they can make given the lemons and sugar they have

d)

Minimizing the amount of lemons and sugar used given the number of lemonades they can make

22.

Harper, Arjun, and William are discussing the primary characteristic of money as a standard of value while shopping. According to their discussion, what is the primary characteristic of money as a standard of value?

a)

It can be used to determine the value of the video game they want to buy

b)

It can be saved for future use to buy a bicycle

c)

They can barter their old video games for new ones

d)

They can give it as a gift to their friends

23.

Elijah, Avery, and Samuel are running a lemonade stand. What is their primary goal in terms of efficiency in economics?

a)

Maximizing the number of lemonades they can make given unlimited lemons and sugar

b)

Minimizing the number of lemonades they can make given limited lemons and sugar

c)

Maximizing the number of lemonades they can make given the lemons and sugar they have

d)

Minimizing the amount of lemons and sugar used given the lemonades they can make

24.

According to the text, what fundamental question must the group of students, Zoe, Michael, and David answer while planning their school's annual fair?

a)

How many games to organize?

b)

When to organize the fair?

c)

Where to organize the fair?

d)

What games to organize, how to organize them, and for whom to organize?

25.

Kai, Avery, and Anika are managing a project. They are discussing factors that could affect their team's productivity. Which of the following is NOT considered a factor that affects labor productivity?

a)

The skill level of their team members

b)

The scarcity cost of resources

c)

The alternative cost of choosing one task over another

26.

Elijah, Anika, and Avery are playing a game of Monopoly. They can use different types of money to trade and buy properties. Which of the following is NOT considered a type of money they could use in real life?

a)

Coins

b)

Shells

c)

Electronic transfer funds

d)

Livestock

27.

James, Benjamin, and Liam are planning to start a business. Who among them would be responsible for assembling the factors of production to produce goods or services?

a)

James, the laborer

b)

Benjamin, the entrepreneur

c)

Liam, the capitalist

d)

All of them, as they are the government

28.

Check all that are factors of production.

a)

Land

b)

Finance

c)

Capital

d)

Labor

e)

Weather

29.

Which person would be considered an entrepreneur?

a)

Employee at Wal-Mart

b)

Railroad worker

c)

Car salesman

d)

Owner of a restaurant

30.

Choose the image that is an economic example of "capital".

a)
b)
c)
d)
31.

Which is not a basic economic question?

a)

What to produce

b)

Where to produce

c)

How to produce

d)

For whom to produce

32.

Oxygen, water, and food are economic examples a ........

a)

need

b)

want

c)

good

d)

service

33.

Laissez-faire means.....

a)

the government should control the economy

b)

the government should buy all goods

c)

the government should have a "hands off approach" to the economy

d)

the government should be abolished

34.

Scarcity does not help determine price.

a)

True

b)

False

35.

If a business is constantly improving their machinery, worker skills, and time management, they are attempting to improve overall....

a)

leadership

b)

productivity

c)

entrepreneurship

d)

division of labor

36.

People who apply their efforts, abilities and skills

a)

Labor Resources

b)

Land Resources

c)

Capital Resources

d)

Entrepreneurs

37.

What are Human Resources?

a)

The tools and machines used in production

b)

The raw materials used in production

c)

The people who work to produce goods and services

d)

None of these

38.

 What are Capital Resources?

a)

The tools and machines used in production

b)

The raw materials used in production

c)

The people who work to produce goods and services

d)

None of these

39.

All economic systems must answer these key questions

a)

What and how much should be produced?

b)

How should goods and services be produced?

c)

Who gets the good and services that are produced?

d)

Why goods and services are produced?

40.
The trees used to make lumber to build a new house is which factor of production?
a)
Labor
b)
Physical Capital
c)
Capital
d)
Land
41.
The reason why you cant have everything you want is because of 
a)
Opportunity Cost
b)
Scarcity
c)
Incentive 
d)
Choice
42.
The thing that you give up (the next best alternative) when you make a decision is known as
a)
Opportunity Cost
b)
Scarcity
c)
Incentive
d)
Choice
43.

Which of the following is NOT an example of capital at a furniture company?

a)

The fabric used to cover the furniture

b)

The trees used to make the furniture

c)

The truck used to deliver the furniture

d)

The glue and screws used to build the furniture

44.

What is the basic problem of economics?

a)

Scarcity

b)

Entrepreneurship

c)

Capital

d)

Goods

45.

Which of the following would NOT be considered a need?

a)

Food

b)

Shelter

c)

Automobile

d)

Clothing

46.

The education of a worker is considered:

a)

Land

b)

Labor

c)

Human Capital

d)

Entrepreneurship

47.

Which of the following would NOT be a factor of production?

a)

The office building the doctor uses to see patients

b)

The nurses that assist the doctor

c)

The instruments the doctor uses to work on patients

d)

The family the doctor supports with his labor

48.

What is the difference between scarcity and shortage?

a)

A shortage is temporary, but scarcity always exists

b)

A shortage refers to goods and scarcity refers to services

c)

A shortage refers to wants and scarcity refers to needs

d)

A shortage can only exist in retail stores, but scarcity can exist anywhere

49.

Bill owns a farm. If economists wanted to know what "land" Bill used to make his products, they are referring to:

a)

Only the farmland that Bill grows crops on

b)

The farmland and the crops Bill grows

c)

Any goods or services that Bill produces from the farmland

d)

All the natural resources that Bill uses to make his products

50.

Which of the following is an example of a service?

a)

A person sells handmade pocketbooks at a flea market

b)

A computer technician fixes a laptop for a customer

c)

A farmer sells vegetables at a roadside stand

d)

A college student buys textbooks that she needs for class

51.
An entrepreneur opened a company that makes 3D machines by robots. The robot is 
a)
Labor
b)
Physical capital
c)
Human Capital
d)
A good
52.
If you want to open a restaurant, you first need business, food, and beverage knowledge. Which factor of production is this?
a)
Land
b)
Labor 
c)
Capital
d)
Entrepreneurship
53.
My favorite Skittles, listed from most liked to least: Yellow, Orange, Green, Red, Purple.
If I can only choose one color Skittle, and I choose my favorite (yellow), what wold my oppotunity cost be?
a)
Yellow
b)
Orange
c)
Pink
d)
Purple
54.
Which of the following BEST describes resources in economic terms?
a)
Water, food, and shelter only
b)
Anything that is limited in supply that is of value (time, money, water, macbooks, etc)
c)
Oil, water, food
d)
Who knows?
55.
What is a possible trade-off one would experience if they decided to drop out of school?
a)
The student might make more money in the right away, but make less than a high school graduate later in the future 
b)
A high school drop out might have more free time, but less opportunity to play on sports teams
c)
A high school drop out does not have to obey school rules, but may not learn all the things a graduate has learned 
d)
All of the above are possible trade-offs
56.

An item used in production, such as tools, equipment, machinery, factories, etc

a)

Capital Resources

b)

Labor Resources

c)

Land Resources

d)

Entrepreneurs

57.

Risk takers who combine land, labor and capital to create new products

a)

Entrepreneurs

b)

Land Resources

c)

Labor Resources

d)

Capital Resources

58.

Items that are economically useful or satisfy a want (tangible)

a)

Goods

b)

Services

c)

Consumers

d)

Products

59.

Work performed for someone (intangible)

a)

Services

b)

Goods

c)

Consumers

d)

Products

60.

Use goods and services to satisfy wants and needs

a)

Consumers

b)

Goods

c)

Services

d)

Products