Font size
WorksheetsS5 END UNIT 6 ASSESSMENT
Total questions: 143
Worksheet time: 2hrs 34mins
Fossil Fuels are
pieces of rock that have been compacted many times
rock that contains 50% plant and animal remains
metamorphic rock
fuels that form from the remains of plant and other organisms that were buried and altered over million of years
This fossil fuel is formed from the remains of small organisms that lived in the ocean AND is a thick, black liquid
natural gas
coal
oil
steam
The ADVANTAGES of Fossil Fuels include: (Choose ALL that apply)
low cost
produce a lot of energy
cause air pollution
high cost
Which of these are non renewable energy sources? (Select All that apply)
Coal
Petroleum
Solar
Natural Gas
Nuclear
Fossil fuels are classified as nonrenewable because they...
require expensive equipment
take millions of years to replace and the supply is finite
can be found all over and the supply is infinite
provide all the energy we use
are made from carbon
Which energy sources are considered fossil fuels? (Select All that apply)
coal
natural gas
petroleum
nuclear
solar
What is a greenhouse gas?
a gas created from a plant
a gas that causes that traps heat in our atmosphere
a green colored gas
a gas that is noxious and kills you upon inhalation
a gas that releases an abundance of heat energy
How come the burning of fossil fuels is NOT a sustainable practice? (Select the TWO factors that make this an unsustainable practice)
There is too much supply and not enough demand
The rate of extraction and consumption is too high
The rate of natural regeneration is too slow (over 350 million years)
The supply is infinite
The demand is too low
For humans, what is the main PURPOSE of extracting / using fossil fuels like coal and natural gas?
to produce electricity
to produce agriculture
to produce carbon dioxide
to burn it
to burn calories
What is the mechanical part of a fossil fuel power plant that actually generates electricity?
burning the fuel source
steam turning the turbines
heating water until it boils
the release of carbon dioxide gas
mining the fuel source
Carbon dioxide & Carbon monoxide (COx) Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Sulfur oxides (SOx) and particulates (PM2.5) are all examples of pollutants. Select All of the effects of these pollutants can have on our environment...
production of acid rain
production of impermeable surface
production of smog
release of greenhouse gas which warms our planet
production of green infrastructure
How were fossil fuels formed?
the remains of once living organisms compacted over millions of years of heat and pressure
they are a located in a specific layer of rock
solids, liquids, and gases, combined over millions of years ago
the sun mixing with water during prehistoric times
radiation through nuclear decay
How can extracting / burning / using fossil fuels be harmful? (Select all that apply)
this reduces the effects of urban heat islands in industrialized areas
they burn extremely hot
increases the amount of greenhouse gases in our atmosphere
this would destroy the fossil record
increases the amount of pollution on Earth
What does non-renewable mean?
Something that lasts forever
Something that can be renewed
Something that will eventually run out
Something that has been depleted
Something that is unbreakable
In a power station, what causes the turbine to turn?
Heat
Natural gas
Particulates
Steam
Light
What is the function of a cooling tower?
Lets air into the power station
Allow water to evaporate and be part of the natural water cycle
Cools steam to condense back into water for reuse in the power station
Lets emissions out of the power station
A signal for other power stations
How would you describe Net-Useful Energy Yield?
Amount of energy used to mine / extract fossil fuels
Amount of energy produced to complete a task minus each unit of energy used to produce it (cost)
Amount of energy used to generate electricity
Amount of energy used to complete a task plus each unit of energy used to produce it (cost)
Why do we use non-renewable resources instead of renewable resources?
The cost is less expensive & produces a lot of energy
Produces less energy & cleaner
They help our environment & creates jobs
They drive our economy & our fossil fuel reserves separate us from the rest of the world
The main human activity that releases greenhouse gases is...
using bottled water
burning fossil fuels
texting on cellphones
eating meat
hugging your friend
Which is a natural source of greenhouse gases?
aerosols
deforestation
volcanic eruptions
burning fossil fuels
tsunamis
Which one of the following statements about coal is correct?
Burning of coal produces no residues.
Coal is found in every country in the world.
On combustion, coal is the most polluting fossil fuels.
Coal is comprised of only carbon.
Which of the following statement is true?
Nuclear power is popular in China.
Nuclear power is popular in Iceland.
Nuclear power is popular in Australia.
Nuclear power is popular in Germany.
Following aftermath of the Chernobyl accident in 1986, which statement below is true?
All radiation has dissipated from the area.
Some of the radiation has dissipated but some still remains in the area.
Chernobyl is now a safe place to live.
The radiation leak from Chernobyl was well contained.
Which polluting gas, contributing to the formation of acid rain, is released when coal is combusted?
Water vapor
Methane
Carbon dioxide
Sulphur dioxide
Nuclear power is usually considered as an example of:
A renewable energy source.
A replenishable energy source.
A non-renewable energy source.
An energy source from the sun.
Which of the following energy sources does not emit carbon dioxide into the atmosphere?
Coal
Nuclear plants
Oil
Natural gas
Coal is an example of a fossil fuel. It is therefore:
A renewable energy source.
A non-renewable energy source.
A replenishable energy source.
A sustainable energy source.
Which source of energy is formed when dead matter of living organisms decomposes in anoxic conditions and is subjected to pressure and high temperature over millions of years?
oil
coal
methane
all of the above
Which country in the world consumes the greatest amount of energy?
Russia
China
India
United States
The spillage of which fossil fuel increases the risks of damage to aquatic ecosystems?
Petroleum
Coal
Methane
Which energy source is responsible for emitting radioactive waste?
oil
nuclear
coal
natural gas
What is the name of the chemical element which is currently used to obtain nuclear energy?
lead
uranium
iron
plutonium
With reference to the table, calculate the percentage of energy in the USA that came from non-renewable sources of energy in 2014.
95%
55%
67%
81%
Fossil Fuels comes under which category
Renewable Energy
Non-Renewable Energy
Non-Conventional Energy
None
Renewable energy resources are?
Resource that cannot be readily replaced by natural means on a level equal to its use.
Invisible resources
Renewable resources that can be naturally restored.
All the above
Coal and oil are?
Non-Renewable energy resources
Renewable energy resources
None of the above
___________ energy comes directly from the sun.
Warm
Solar
Hydro
Bio-fuels
Bio-fuel and geothermal energy are examples of?
Non-renewable energy resources
Hydro energy
Renewable energy resources
None of the above
Which fossil fuel is created from the remains of dead plants and forms into a "rock?"
Coal
Petroleum
Natural Gas
Nuclear Energy
In order to use the energy inside of fossil fuels, they must be...
burned
melted
crushed
cut
What is needed for all fossil fuels to form?
Heat
Pressure
A lot of time
All of these
Does energy disappear?
True
False
Nuclear energy is
the energy obtained from the total mass during a radioactive decay
the energy obtained from the mass defect during an isotope making
the energy obtained from the total mass during a fusion reaction
the energy obtained from the mass defect during a radioactive decay
Nuclear Fission
is a process of splitting a heavy nucleus into two lighter nuclei. Accompanied with the release of enormous amount of energy from the mass defect
is a self-sustaining reaction in which the products of the reaction can initiate another similar reaction. Accompanied with the release of enormous amount of energy from the mass defect
is a process of combination of two lighter nuclei to form a heavier nuclei. Accompanied with the release of enormous amount of energy from the mass defect
This is a
chain reaction
nuclear fusion reaction
nuclear fission reaction
atomic mass defect reaction
What is the name of the parts coloured green in the diagram?
Boron control rods
Uranium fuel rods
Graphite core
Coil and magnet
Based on the diagram state the energy change in a nuclear reactor
nuclear energy --> heat energy --> electrical energy
nuclear energy --> heat energy --> kinetic energy --> electrical energy
heat energy -->nuclear energy --> kinetic energy --> electrical energy
heat energy -->nuclear energy --> heat energy --> kinetic energy --> electrical energy
What is the problem if nuclear reactor is used to produce energy?
only a little radioactive substance is required to release enormous amount of energy
no harmful gases released like CO2, CO and SO2
pollution if radiation is released to atmosphere
low cost for maintenance
Below are steps for safety precautions when handling radioactive substance except
wear Safety badge
Safety clothing like gloves, lab coats
wear earplug
use thong
Nuclear power is generated using which of the following?A: UraniumB: HydrogenC: CarbonD: none of the above
Uranium
Hydrogen
Carbon
none of the above
Nuclear power is generated by using Uranium as fuel to produce nuclear fission. Once the nuclear fission is present, the heat is combined with the water to make steam. This steam then turns the _________.
Generators
Turbines
What is a steam turbine?
A bunch of blades on a shaft that is blown around by steam
A group of circular objects that circulates in a round bowl due to the effects of steam.
How does nuclear fission occur?
Protons gather in the nucleus of Uranium atoms and cause the nucleus to explode and release energy in the form of heat.
Neutrons smash into the nucleus of Uranium atoms. The neutrons are then split in hald and release the energy in the form of heat.
What are the advantages of nuclear power? Check all that apply.
Produces a small amount of waste
Nuclear power is very reliable.
Nuclear power does not produce either smoke or carbon dioxide.
Nuclear power is not expensive to make.
Which of the following are disadvantages of Nuclear Power? (Select all that applied)
The waste produced is VERY dangerous.
A lot of money has to be spent on safety when creating nuclear power.
Nuclear power is not reliable.
All of the above
Is nuclear power from Uranium renewable?
yes
no
sometimes
Nuclear Power produces about what percentage of the world's energy needs?
5%
10%
30%
50%
Nuclear Power uses Uranium pellets(1/2 inch long) to produce heat and nuclear fission. Each Uranium pellet is equivalent to as much energy as ___________________.
one pound of coal
one hundred pounds of coal
one ton of coal
none of the above
All power plants convert heat into energy using steam. The difference between nuclear power plants and all other power plants is that nuclear power plants use ________________ to create the heat to make the steam.
oil
coal
Uranium
all of above
Fast neutron therapy is used in modern medicine to treat cancer that is resistant to other methods of treatment. To produce the neutrons needed for fast neutron therapy, a stream of protons is accelerated towards a mass of beryllium. This causes the beryllium atoms to release neutrons from their nuclei. The methods used to perform fast neutron therapy are an example of which type of reaction?
Synthesis
Fusion
Decomposition
Fission
Researchers have attempted to combine the nuclei of multiple atoms to generate large amounts of energy. To date, researchers have not been able to perform this process without using more energy than is generated by the reaction.
Which type of reaction are the researchers seeking to achieve?
Synthesis
Fusion
Decomposition
Fission
How does a nuclear reactor produce energy?
Atoms, such as uranium, undergo fusion in a reactor. This
generates heat which turns water to steam in a turbine
which generates electricity.
Atoms, such as uranium, undergo fission in a reactor. This
generates heat which turns water to steam in a turbine
which generates electricity.
Atoms, such as uranium, burn in a reactor. This generates
heat which turns water to steam in a turbine which
generates electricity.
We do not currently have the technology to harness nuclear
reactions to generate electricity.
Scientists have continuously been searching for ways to create a system for energy production through fusion reactions but have been unsuccessful. Which of the following explains why it is still not a practical source of power?
Fusion can create a huge amount of energy with very little
fuel.
Fusion radioactive byproducts have a shorter half-life than
fission byproducts.
Fusion requires a large amount of energy to force atoms to
initially fuse together.
Fusion reactions have virtually little to no risk of nuclear
accidents.
Carbon dating is a process where scientists evaluate the
percentage of Carbon-14 atoms that have decayed to Carbon-12. The process of changing from Carbon-14 to Carbon-12 involves the atoms losing two neutrons.
What type of reaction occurs when Carbon-14 changes to
Carbon-12?
Decomposition
Single replacement
Fusion
Fission
What is a fission reaction?
The process of splitting the nucleus of an atom.
The process of combining nuclei to form a larger nucleus.
The process of changing the physical arrangement of
particles.
The process of combining atoms together into a molecule.
What is a fusion reaction?
The process of splitting the nucleus of an atom.
The process of combining nuclei to form a larger nucleus.
The process of changing the physical arrangement of
particles.
The process of combining atoms together into a molecule.
What types of reactions will produce radiation?
Fission reactions only
Fusion reactions only
Both fission and fusion reactions
Neither fission nor fusion reactions
The energy in the Sun currently is provided by a process that combines two hydrogen atoms to form one helium atom. In a few billion years, the Sun will begin a process combining three helium atoms into one carbon atom. This will cause the Sun to expand and cool to a red color becoming a red giant.
What process will the Sun perform when it becomes a red giant?
Synthesis
Combustion
Fusion
Fission
To discover if a cancer has metastasized, an oncologist might request a Positron-emission tomography (PET) scan be performed by a radiologist. The PET scanner detects gamma radiation emitting from a chemical injected into the patient.
Based on the information above, what type of reaction is
occurring when a PET scanner is used?
Decomposition
Fission
Fusion
Synthesis
Nuclear power is...
renewable
non-renewable
Uranium is a fossil fuel.
True
False
Fossil fuels release carbon dioxide.
True
False
Nuclear power stations release carbon dioxide.
True
False
Select all the disadvantages of nuclear power.
Nuclear waste is difficult to store safely.
Nuclear power contributes to global warming.
There is a danger of a meltdown.
Nuclear power stations are expensive.
Nuclear fission releases harmful gases.
Nuclear fuel is relatively cheap and reliable.
True
False
What are DISADVANTAGES of Solar Energy?
Creates pollution and destroys rivers
Cannot be easily installed onto house, and does not work all the time
Destroys oceans and cannot use all the time
Cannot use all the time, and creating solar panels causes pollution
What are DISADVANTAGES of Wind Energy?
Creates pollution and destroys rivers
Cannot be easily installed onto house, and does not work all the time
Wind mills can harm flying animals nearby and some find them not attractive to a landscape
Wind energy can create too much energy and create power surges
Which are ADVANTAGES of Geothermal Energy?
Does not create pollution and can be used all of the time.
Can use most of the time and lasts for many years
Only needs the sun to be powered
The sun provides geothermal energy continuously
What is the BEST definition for Hydroelectric energy?
Energy captured in solar panels from radiant energy
Thermal energy from the river that is captured through tidal panels.
Converting mechanical energy from moving water to electrical through building dams
Energy captured from the areas heated by the Earth like hot springs and volcanoes
What are DISADVANTAGES of Fossil Fuels?
Creates pollution when burning, destroys earth to get the resources, will run out
Most people are not currently using this type of energy resource
Very expensive to create
We are not able to develop better/more reliable energy than fossil fuels
Which are ADVANTAGES of Biomass?
Does not create pollution and can be used all of the time.
Relatively cheap and can be replaced within a lifetime
We will never run out of these resources
The Earth can make more of these resources within 100 years
What is the MAIN idea of the section “the risks of nuclear power”?
One of the reactors at Chernobyl exploded
Dangerous nuclear accidents have happened
An earthquake and tidal wave caused a disaster at Fukushima
In 1979, there was a partial meltdown at the there mile Island point
The main idea of the section “Better For the Environment Than Burning Coal” Is that nuclear power is safe for the environment. Which key detail from the section supports this main idea?
Nuclear power does not release greenhouse gases
Nuclear power is not renewable energy
Many people support nuclear power
The best bet for nuclear power is nuclear fusion
Read the selection from the introduction
“The steam spins a turbine. A turbine is a revolving machine that produces power”
What is the definition of “revolving” based on the context clues
Becoming stronger
Growing bigger
Getting hotter
Turning around
Read the selection from the section “How A Nuclear Reactor Works”
Inside a nuclear reactor, neutrons smash into atoms. This causes the atoms to split. The collision releases more neutrons
Which word could replace “collision” WITHOUT changing the meaning of the selection?f
Impact
Damage
Motion
Number
Read the selection from the introduction
“Every atom has a nucleus at its center. Nuclear power is created by splitting these atoms apart. This process is called nuclear fission”
What is the definition of “fission” based on the context clues
to freeze
to divide
to combine
to disappear
Why is nuclear power considered a non renewable energy source.
It is expensive to run a Nuclear power plant
It is bad for the environment
It requires uranium, a limited resource and we will someday run out
It can be dangerous
Which statement best summarizes the main idea of the article
Nuclear energy creates too much nuclear waste and there are many risks involved with it
Nuclear energy is a good energy option because it does not release green house gasses, although there are some risks associated it
Nuclear energy is responsible for 11% of the worlds electricity.
Nuclear fuel is the fuel that is used in a reactor to help create a nuclear reaction
Sophia performs an experiment in which she adds 10.0 grams of zinc metal to 25.0 grams of bromine. She claims that mass will be conserved during the reaction. Which of the following BEST supports her claim?
The mass of the final product will be equal to the mass of the zinc metal, 10.0 grams.
The mass of the final product will be equal to the difference between the two masses, 15.0 grams.
The mass of the final product will be equal to the mass of the bromine, 25.0 grams.
The mass of the final product will be equal to the total mass of both reactants, 35.0 grams.
Which of the following equations is balanced?
C3H8 + 11 O2 → 3 CO2 + 8 H2O
C3H8 + 3 O2 → CO2 + H2O
2 C3H8 + 4 O2 → 2 CO2 + 4 H2O
C3H8 + 5 O2 → 3 CO2 + 4 H2O
When balancing a chemical equation, which of the following can be changed?
The coefficients
The subscripts
The formulas
The mass
The equations shows an unbalanced chemical reaction.
___ Fe + ___ O2 → ___ Fe2O3
What are the missing coefficients that are needed to make this equation balanced from left to right?
1,1,1
2,3,1,
2,3,2
4,3,2
The equation below is unbalanced.
C3H8 + O2 → CO2 + H2O
When the equation below is correctly balanced, what is the coefficient of O2?
2
3
4
5
Which statement is supported by the law of conservation of mass?
The mass of the products of a chemical reaction are always less than the mass of the reactants.
The mass of the products of a chemical reaction are always greater than the mass of the reactants.
The mass of the products of a chemical reaction have no relationship to the mass of the reactants.
The mass of the products of a chemical reaction are always equal to the mass of the reactants.
Look at the following equation.__NaCl + __CaF2 → __NaF +__CaCl2In order to follow the law of conservation of mass, this equation must have which set of coefficients, in order from left to right?
2,1,3,1
2,2,2,2
2,1,2,1
1,3,1,3
Select all of the equations which demonstrate the law of conservation of mass.
Mg + S → MgS2
C + O2 → C2O
4Cu + O2 → 2Cu2O
2H2 + O2 → 2H2O
H2SO4 + Zn → 4ZnSO + H2
Ling is learning about chemical reactions in science class. She measured out 45 grams of vinegar and 10 grams of baking soda. When she mixed them together, a bubbling reaction occurred. After the reaction stopped, she weighed the mixture and found that it weighed 54 grams. Which of the following best explains why the mixture weighed less than the original ingredients?
Some of the vinegar evaporated during the experiment.
The chemical reaction created a gas that left the mixture.
The new solution is less dense than vinegar or baking soda.
The baking soda is floating on top of the vinegar.
The balanced chemical equation below shows the reaction between nitrogen (N2) and hydrogen (H2) to form ammonia
(HN3). N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3
If 10.0 grams of nitrogen reacts with hydrogen to form 12.0 grams of ammonia, then how many grams of hydrogen were used in this reaction?
2.0 g of H2
3.0 g of H2
10 g of H2
12 g of H2
Which of the following BEST describes what occurs in a fusion reaction?
Two low mass nuclei are joined to form one nucleus and gives off energy.
A single nucleus divides into two or more nuclei and gives off energy.
Electrons are shared between the nuclei.
A chemical reaction occurs between the nuclei.
Which reaction in the figures shown is an example of a fission reaction?
What process occurs when two smaller nuclei combine to form a larger nucleus, releasing large amounts of energy?
Nuclear Decay
Nuclear Transmutation
Fission
Fusion
The graphic represents a nuclear reaction.
Which best describes this type of reaction?
fusion because the reaction formed heavier nuclei
fission because the reaction formed heavier nuclei
fusion because the reaction formed lighter nuclei
fission because the reaction formed lighter nuclei
Which diagrams show a nuclear fission reaction? Select all that apply.
Of the following reactions, which is a fusion reaction?
carbon-14 decaying into nitrogen-14 and a beta particle
uranium-235 absorbing a neutron and splitting into xenon-140, strontium-94, and two neutrons
curium-246 combining with carbon-12 to form nobelium-254 and four neutrons
hydrochloric acid combining with sodium hydroxide to form a salt and water
The half-life for a 100-gram sample of radioactive element X is 5 days. How much of element X remains after 10 days have passed?
25
50
75
100
The table shows the decay in a 352-gram sample of vanadium-49 over time.
About how many grams of vanadium-49 will be left after 1,320 days?
11
22
32
43
If a 3.0 picogram (pg) sample of curium-245 has a half-life of 8500 years, which conclusion can be drawn?
The curium-245 sample must have an age of at least 8500 years.
The curium-245 sample must have an age of less than 8500 years.
The curium-245 sample will have a mass of about 6.0 pg after 8500 years.
The curium-245 sample will have a mass of about 1.5 pg after 8500 years.
Which term is usually used to discuss how quickly an element undergoes radioactive decay?
half-life
light-year
frequency
wavelength
Nuclear reactors convert heat energy into mechanical energy, used to generate electrical energy, by
turning a turbine with steam.
harnessing electromagnetic discharge.
gathering solar radiation.
using an electron transfer system.
What is the biggest disadvantage of using nuclear power to produce electricity?
Nuclear fission releases more air pollution than burning coal.
Nuclear fission produces less energy than burning coal or oil.
Nuclear waste must be safely stored for many years.
Nuclear waste must be incinerated.
Nuclear power plants use fission to convert matter, usually uranium, into energy. This process has many benefits. It produces large amounts of energy with no air pollution. However, there are risks associated with using radioisotopes. The damage caused by a nuclear disaster was seen in Chernobyl, Ukraine. In 1986, an explosion in a reactor released large amounts of radiation into the atmosphere. The radiation killed large portions of the nearby Red Forest. Then it continued to spread across a significant area of Asia and Europe. Since the Chernobyl incident, scientists have taken measures to prevent this type of nuclear disaster.
Which statement best describes a risk associated with using radioisotopes in nuclear reactors?
Radioisotopes are extremely difficult to obtain and can only be retrieved from the Sun.
Radioisotopes are expensive and do not produce the amount of energy that coal and oil produce.
If the radiation were to leak out of the reactors, it could produce an abundance of new organisms.
If the radiation were to leak out of the reactors, it could cause significant damage to living organisms.
The cells most easily damaged by high energy radiation are those that
Divide auickly
Carry oxygen
Divide Slowly
Carry iron
The graph shows the electricity production costs for different energy sources in the United States over time.
Which statement is best supported by the graph?
Nuclear and coal have similar production costs,and petroleum's production costs have increased over time.
Nuclear and coal have similar production costs, and petroleum's production costs have decreased over time.
Nuclear and petroleum have similar production costs, and gas's production costs have increased over time.
Nuclear and petroleum have similar production costs, and gas's production costs have stayed the same over time.
The graph shows the types of energy used in the United States during the year 2015.
What would most likely happen if the United States increased its use of nuclear power and continued using the same amount of geothermal, solar, wind, hydro, and biomass powers?
The United States would become more dependent on fossil fuels.
The United States would become more dependent on renewable energy.
The United States would become less dependent on energies that emit greenhouse gases.
The United States would become less dependent on energies that create dangerous waste.
