WorksheetsBio 3.3: Pre-Assessment
Total questions: 20
Worksheet time: 15mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Scientists compared the DNA sequence of a gene in four mammals. A portion of the gene’s DNA sequence in each mammal is shown below.
Based on the sequence data, which of the mammals are most closely related to each other?
a)
Mammals 1 and 2
b)
Mammals 2 and 3
c)
Mammals 1 and 3
d)
Mammals 2 and 4
2.
The diagram shows the fossil record of mollusks over millions of years. How can the pattern of change in the fossil record best be explained?
a)
The mollusks were well adapted to their stable environment. A large, sudden change occurred in their environment. After the change the mollusks with the bigger shells were better adapted for the new environment.
b)
The mollusks were well adapted to their stable environment. The mollusks hybridized with a smaller species of mollusk. A new species of mollusk with a bigger shell resulted.
c)
The mollusks were not well adapted to their environment. The length of the mollusks’ shells changed gradually over time. The mollusks in the original population that had small shells died over a period of many years.
d)
The mollusks were well adapted to their environment. Humans introduced a new species of mollusk that was not adapted to this environment. The introduced mollusk outcompeted the native mollusk species.
3.
Fish, frogs, birds, and monkeys all have an embryonic stage in which structures called pharyngeal slits appear on the sides of the throat. In fish, these slits develop into gills, but in frogs, birds, and monkeys, these slits develop into other structures.
Based on this information, which of the following is the best conclusion about the evolutionary histories of fish, frogs, birds, and monkeys?
a)
The animals evolved from a common ancestor.
b)
The animals did not develop lungs for breathing.
c)
The animals are not adapted to eat the same kinds of food.
d)
The animals have evolved similar developmental rates from fertilization to birth.
4.
Two different populations of mice are separated by a large water-filled ditch. After a rainstorm, flooding brings several mice from one population to the other population. When the mice from the first population reproduce with members of the second population, which of the following will likely occur?
a)
The population will decline because reproductive mutations will cause all the offspring to die.
b)
The offspring will evolve into a new species and be forced to migrate to a new location.
c)
The offspring will be genetically identical to their parent from the first population.
d)
The population will be greater genetic variety because of genetic recombination.
5.
The sorting and recombination of genes during reproduction is an important step in the evolution process. What effect do sorting and recombination have on a population?
a)
Increases variation that enables a species to adapt to change
b)
Increases the ability of all the offspring to adapt to the environment
c)
Decreases variation which helps maintain a stable population
d)
Decreases the chances of producing offspring that are adapted to the environment
6.
In 1915, a disease killed almost all the oysters in a Canadian bay. The few oysters that survived reestablished the population. By 1940, the disease-causing organism was still present in the bay, but the size of the oyster population was greater than it was before 1915. Which of the following statements describes what most likely occurred in the oyster population between 1915 and 1940?
a)
The oysters that survived in 1915 bred with other species, so the offspring could not be infected by the disease anymore.
b)
The oysters that survived in 1915 had offspring that learned to fight the disease, so disease rates in the oyster population were lower.
c)
The oysters that survived in 1915 had resistance to the disease, so the proportion of resistant oysters in the population increased by natural selection.
d)
The oysters that survived in 1915 mutated to reproduce more quickly, so the reproductive rate exceeded the disease rate in the oyster population.
7.
In a certain insect species, body color varies from very light gray to very dark gray. These insects are eaten by birds that find their prey by sight. A brush fire occurs, blackening the ground where one population of this insect species lives. Which of the following is most likely to occur over the next few years?
a)
The body color in the population will mutate to black.
b)
The percentage of very dark gray individuals will increase.
c)
The distribution of body color in the population will not change.
d)
The very light gray individuals will learn how to reproduce at a later age.
8.
Gene flow is one force that can cause evolutionary change. Which example BEST illustrates gene flow?
a)
A flock of migrating geese enters in the territory of another flock and begins interbreeding.
b)
A flock of geese becomes isolated on an island, and over time, the population begins showing new characteristics.
c)
Some individuals in a flock of geese have genes that are more advantageous, and over time, the numbers of geese increase.
d)
A flock of migrating geese loses its way to its wintering grounds, leaving other geese without competition for resource and enabling to geese to produce more offspring.
9.
In the 1990's, the Florida panther population was estimated to be less than 50 in the wild. Which of the following describes the impact of such a small population on the fate of the Florida panther?
a)
Immigration will cause less genetic diversity and decreased survival of future generations
b)
Emigration will cause greater genetic diversity and increased survival of future generations
c)
Genetic drift will cause less genetic diversity and decreased survival of future generations
d)
Genetic drift will cause greater genetic diversity and increased survival of future generations
10.
Which of the following correctly describes the general trend in hominid evolution?
a)
Larger body size, broad forehead, smaller brains
b)
Increase in brain capacity, bipedalism, and use of tools
c)
Thickening of the skull, protruding teeth, organized hunting
d)
Large canine teeth, small skulls, diet of coarse plant material
11.
Which statement below most closely explains the link between jaw size and hominid evolution?
a)
The jaws of hominids evolved to be larger because of the development of language.
b)
The jaws of hominids evolved to be larger because of the ability to walk on two legs.
c)
The jaws of hominids evolved to be smaller because of the development of tools.
d)
The jaws of hominids evolved to be smaller because of their decreased cranial capacity.
12.
Which types of organisms developed first due to the early environmental conditions on Earth?
a)
prokaryotic and aerobic
b)
prokaryotic and anaerobic
c)
eukaryotic and aerobic
d)
eukaryotic and anaerobic
13.
Scientists Miller and Urey performed experiments simulating Earth's early conditions in order to synthesize organic molecules in the lab. What were they attempting to do prove with their experiments?
a)
That they could simulate photosynthesis and respiration on early Earth.
b)
That oxygen can be made from bacteria performing cellular respiration.
c)
That organic molecules could form from the molecules on early Earth.
d)
Demonstrate how volcanoes released water vapor into the atmosphere.
14.
According to the endosymbiosis theory, where did early eukaryotes come from?
a)
The eukaryotic cells were trapped in meteorites and then released upon impact with Earth.
b)
Free-living bacteria were engulfed by other prokaryotes in which they formed symbiotic relationships with each other. Overtime these organisms evolved into eukaryotic cells.
c)
Some prokaryotes had mutations that caused them to have a nucleus and organelles. These mutations were favored and therefore the prokaryotes evolved into eukaryotes.
d)
Bacteria became more sophisticated and overtime the primitive versions became extinct and the sophisticated versions became eukaryotic cells.
15.
Identify the macromolecule with a ration of 1 carbon to 2 oxygen to 1 hydrogen
a)
nucleic acid
b)
lipids
c)
carbohydrates
d)
protein
16.
Which statement most likely describes the primary function of a lipid?
a)
It contains the genetic information needed for protein production.
b)
It catalyzes specific chemical reactions in the cytoplasm of a cell.
c)
It allows a cell to regulate the movement of materials into and out of a cell.
d)
It stores the short term energy that a cell needs to perform various life processes.
17.
The diagram shows three different proteins embedded in a cell membrane, as well as the concentration gradient surrounding the cell.
Which of the following statements correctly states the process shown in the diagram?
a)
The process labeled 1 shows how cells can easily move molecules with the concentration gradient using high energy molecules.
b)
The process labeled 2 shows how cells move molecules against the concentration gradient without needing high energy molecules.
c)
The process labeled 3 shows how cells use ATP to facilitate the active transport of molecules against the concentration gradient.
d)
All three processes show how molecules freely move in and out of the cell regardless of the concentration gradient or available energy.
18.
Four different cells are shown in the picture. Which characteristics are shared by
all four cells?
a)
genetic material and ribosomes
b)
membrane-bound organelles and a cell wall
c)
presence of a mitochondria and cell membrane
d)
mechanism for transforming sunlight into energy and DNA
19.
Replicate the following strand of DNA:
AATCATGGA
AATCATGGA
a)
AATCATGGA
b)
TTAGTACCT
c)
UUAGUACCU
d)
GGATAUCUA
20.
In what phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication take place?
a)
G1
b)
S
c)
G2
d)
M
100 %
