Free Printable APES UNIT 7

1.

Is the major pollutant that electrostatic precipitators are designed to remove from power-plant smokestack emissions

a)

Sulfur dioxide

b)

Lead

c)

Ozone

d)

Hydrocarbons

e)

Particulates

2.

Implicated in human neurological damage

a)

Sulfur dioxide

b)

Lead

c)

Ozone

d)

Hydrocarbons

e)

Particulates

3.

Considered harmful in the troposphere but beneficial in the stratosphere

a)

Sulfur dioxide

b)

Lead

c)

Ozone

d)

Hydrocarbons

e)

Particulates

4.

Most often cited as the causative factor for acid deposition

a)

Sulfur dioxide

b)

Lead

c)

Ozone

d)

Hydrocarbons

e)

Particulates

5.

The three main anthropogenic sources of gaseous air pollutants in the United States are

a)

soil erosion, volcanoes, and forest fires

b)

soil erosion, volcanoes, and energy production

c)

industry, construction, and agriculture

d)

industry, transportation, and energy production

e)

industry, transportation, and agriculture

6.

Composed of fibers known to cause lung disease

a)

asbestos

b)

radon

c)

lead

d)

carbon monoxide

e)

formaldehyde

7.

Emitted from most manufactured building materials and furniture

a)

asbestos

b)

radon

c)

lead

d)

carbon monoxide

e)

formaldehyde

8.

Found in old plumbing pipes and fixtures and some ceramic glazes

a)

asbestos

b)

radon

c)

lead

d)

carbon monoxide

e)

formaldehyde

9.

Colorless, odorless gas that is a naturally occurring decay product of uranium

a)

asbestos

b)

radon

c)

lead

d)

carbon monoxide

e)

formaldehyde

10.

Which of the following is the human health impact most closely associated with atmospheric particulates?

a)

Cataracts

b)

Diabetes

c)

Melanoma

d)

Asthma

e)

Obesity

11.

Smoke from forest fires is most likely to affect air quality over larger areas for many days when

a)

smog is produced due to chemical reactions in the atmosphere

b)

a persistent atmospheric inversion exists in the region

c)

oak trees are burned, releasing terpenes into the atmosphere

d)

primary, rather than secondary, forests are burned

e)

vegetation in the region is green and burns more slowly

12.

Which type of electricity-generating power plant releases radioactive materials as well as toxic metals such as lead and arsenic under normal operating conditions?

a)

Nuclear

b)

Hydroelectric

c)

Solar

d)

Coal-burning

e)

Geothermal

13.

Has a stronger affinity for hemoglobin than oxygen has

a)

carbon dioxide

b)

carbon monoxide

c)

methane

d)

radon

e)

sulfur dioxide

14.

Is a flammable gas produced by landfills

a)

carbon dioxide

b)

carbon monoxide

c)

methane

d)

radon

e)

sulfur dioxide

15.

Has been implicated as the cause of as much as 15 percent of lung cancer cases

a)

carbon dioxide

b)

carbon monoxide

c)

methane

d)

radon

e)

sulfur dioxide

16.

Is an important precursor to acid rain

a)

carbon dioxide

b)

carbon monoxide

c)

methane

d)

radon

e)

sulfur dioxide

17.

Catalytic converters reduce which of the following pairs of pollutants in car exhaust?

a)

Carbon dioxide and ozone

b)

Carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons

c)

Carbon dioxide and particulates

d)

Lead and mercury

e)

Methane and particulates

18.

Is primarily responsible for acid rain in the northeast United States

a)

uranium-238

b)

coal

c)

natural gas

d)

oil

e)

solar

19.

Currently proven global reserves are expected to be largely exhausted within the next 50 years.

a)

uranium-238

b)

coal

c)

natural gas

d)

oil

e)

solar

20.

Is renewable

a)

uranium-238

b)

coal

c)

natural gas

d)

oil

e)

solar

21.

Occurs naturally in bedrock and leads to the formation of radon

a)

uranium-238

b)

coal

c)

natural gas

d)

oil

e)

solar

22.

Approximately how many more times acidic, in terms of H+ concentration, is precipitation in the northeastern United States as compared to precipitation in the South Pacific?

a)

0.1

b)

2

c)

10

d)

20

e)

100

23.

The primary cause of acid precipitation in the northeastern United States is

a)

the large number of automobile air conditioners leaking Freon

b)

burning of sulfur-containing fossil fuels to produce electricity

c)

deforestation, which reduces the number of trees removing atmospheric CO2

d)

strip-mining, which releases large quantities of particulates into the atmosphere

e)

global warming, which speeds the chemical reactions that produce acids

24.

A paper company located on the banks of a river discharges its treated wastewater into the river.

Which of the following would be the best control group to evaluate the treated wastewater from the paper company?

a)

A sample of distilled water

b)

A sample of water from a nearby river

c)

A sample of water downstream from the same river

d)

A sample of water upstream from the same river

25.

A paper company located on the banks of a river discharges its treated wastewater into the river.

Which of the following would be the best location to obtain a water sample from to determine if the paper plant is affecting the acidity of the river?

a)

Immediately downstream from the paper plant

b)

Immediately upstream from the paper plant

c)

At an upstream tributary to the river

d)

At a downstream tributary to the river

26.

A paper company located on the banks of a river discharges its treated wastewater into the river.

Which of the following water quality indicators should be measured to best determine if the wastewater is increasing the acidity of the river?

a)

The amount of dissolved oxygen

b)

The total suspended solids

c)

The amount of hydrogen ions

d)

The species richness

27.

Atmospheric deposition is receiving increased attention in the scientific community, and has become the subject of a specific research area in the environmental sciences. Acid rain is detrimental to our ecosystems and can be measured in several ways.

a)

Calculating the change in sulfur dioxide emissions from coal-burning power plants over time

b)

Mapping out coal-burning power plant locations over the past 50 years

c)

Measuring the pH of rainwater and surface water in affected areas

d)

Monitoring the long-term chemical and biological parameters of an ecosystem

28.

Which of the following best describes the efficiency of dry scrubbers at removing particles that are less than 2 micrometers in diameter?

a)

Dry scrubbers are less than 20% efficient at removing particles less than 1μm and increase to over 50% efficiency at removing particles between 1 and 2μm

.

b)

Dry scrubbers are between 50% and 90% efficient at removing particles less than 2μm, depending on the flow rate.

c)

Dry scrubbers are between 5% and 40% efficient at removing particles less than 2μm in size.

d)

Dry scrubbers are less than 10% efficient at removing particles less than 1μm in size.

29.

Which of the following is most responsible for the change in the emissions of volatile organic compounds ( VOC ) from 1970 to 2020 as shown in the graph?

a)

A decrease in the number of vehicles fitted with catalytic converters and an increase in the number of hybrid vehicles beginning in 1970.

b)

A decrease in the average driving distance in the United States from 1970 to 2020 that resulted from increased urbanization.

c)

An increase in air emission standards that began in 1970 that regulated corporate average fuel economy ( CAFE) standards.

d)

An increase in VOC

emissions from car exhausts that resulted from increased driving distances from 1970 to 2020.

30.

Based on the data in the graph, which of the following insulation options is ineffective at insulating a home and greatly contributes to indoor air pollution?

a)

Blown cellulose

b)

Mineral fiber batt

c)

Expanded polystyrene

d)

Rigid foam

31.

Which of the following is most likely responsible for the indoor air pollutant shown in the graph?

a)

Cracks in the basement foundation

b)

Synthetic fiber in carpets and furniture

c)

Leaking water

d)

Pet hair

32.

Which of the following is the most likely reason for the trend shown in the graph of fluctuating indoor radon levels over the course of a year?

a)

Home windows are often closed during summer months, causing the levels of radon in the house to build up.

b)

Barometric pressure changes from summer storms can cause radon levels to increase.

c)

Radon levels tend to increase in the colder months because of the difference in temperature inside and outside the home, which creates a vacuum pulling radon into the home at a higher rate.

d)

Increased levels of radon are linked to burning biomass indoors, which increases in winter months when more biomass is burned for cooking and heating.

33.

Scientists have been collecting atmospheric CO2 data for many years to monitor changes over time. Which of the following best describes why an island location, such as the Mauna Loa Observatory in Hawaii, is an ideal location to measure global CO2 concentrations?

a)

The island is also a dormant volcano, so there will be only anthropogenic atmospheric CO2 measured at the site.

b)

he location is below the inversion layer, making it less prone to local effects from industry and transportation.

c)

The location is far from any continent, providing atmospheric air samples that are less likely to be affected by industry and transportation.

d)

The impact of primary producers in the surrounding Pacific Ocean is negligible, reducing the effect of photosynthesis and respiration on CO2 levels.

34.

An air pollution expert set up a monitoring program to determine the amount of particulate matter (PM) leaving a farmer’s field after crops were harvested and the soil was bare. She set up high-volume air samplers 10 meters from each edge of the square field and collected samples weekly for two months. When she looked at her data, she was surprised by how much the PM levels varied, both from site to site on a given date and over time at each site. Which of the following parameters would have been best to measure to help explain the variation in her results?

a)

Percent of cloudy days over the two months

b)

Particle size of the soils in the field

c)

Depth of the organic matter in the soil

d)

Wind direction and speed

35.

Which of the following points on the graph best illustrates the location where pollutants are most likely to accumulate as a result of a thermal inversion?

a)

Point A

b)

Point B

c)

Point C

d)

Point D

36.

a)

A cool sea breeze and a high pressure system

b)

A warm mountain breeze and a low pressure system

c)

A cool sea breeze and a low pressure system

d)

A cool mountain breeze and a high pressure system

37.

The graph shows the average distance traveled by individuals in a population in an urban area in the southwestern United States. Based on the data, which of the following months most likely experiences the highest levels of photochemical smog?

a)

July

b)

October

c)

February

d)

November

38.

Scientists want to examine the effects of a coal-burning power plant on the pH of a lake that is downwind of the power plant. They take samples from a lake that is not downwind of the power plant to serve as a control. However, they did not realize that the lake they chose as a control group was a geothermal hot spring with acidic water.

a)

Using this control would not have an effect on the outcome because the high temperature of the hot spring reduces the acidity of the water in the lake.

b)

The coal-burning power plant would appear to have a much larger effect on the pH of the experimental group because the

pH in the control lake would be elevated from the acidic water.

c)

The coal-burning power plant would not appear to have a large impact because the pH levels of the two lakes would be similar.

d)

The coal-burning power plant would affect both lakes because the Coriolis effect and weather patterns would circulate pollutants in the atmosphere.

39.

Scientists are testing the effect of different scrubber technologies on the removal of pollutants from coal power plants. The scrubbers use a slurry of limestone and water.

Which of the following best describes the impact of modifying the slurry by increasing the amount of limestone?

a)

The amount of sulfur dioxide released will decrease.

b)

The amount of ground-level ozone released will decrease

c)

The amount of water released will increase.

d)

The amount of carbon monoxide released will increase.

40.

Air pollution from a power plant is being monitored for levels of nitrogen dioxide and ground-level ozone. The levels are measured daily at the same time. Which of the following best predicts the impact of a dark and cloudy day on the readings for the levels of air pollutants measured?

a)

There will be no change in the levels of nitrogen dioxide or ground-level ozone.

b)

There will be a decrease in the level of nitrogen dioxide and an increase in the level of ground-level ozone.

c)

There will be an increase in the levels of both nitrogen dioxide and ground-level ozone.

d)

There will be an increase in the level of nitrogen dioxide and a decrease in the level of ground-level ozone.

41.

What three components have to be present to create photochemical smog?

a)

VOCS, PANS, Carbon Dioxide

b)

VOCS, Ozone, Nitrogen Monoxide

c)

Nitrogen Dioxide, Sunlight, and VOCS

d)

Sulfur Dioxide, Nitrogen Dioxide, and Ozone

42.

This molecule prevents UV radiation from getting to the troposphere

a)

stratospheric ozone

b)

tropospheric ozone

c)

Calcium Carbonate

d)

CFC

43.

One of the six types of air pollution monitored by the EPA. Is formed from incomplete combustion.

a)

CO₂

b)

CO

c)

SO₂

d)

O₃

44.

Which is a source of sulfur dioxide found in nature?

a)

forest fires

b)

lightning

c)

plant emissions

d)

volcano

45.

Thermal inversions

a)

increase the rate of smog formation

b)

trap high concentrations of pollution at ground level

c)

result in increased levels of acid deposition

d)

reduce the negative effects of VOC's

46.

Which method is used to reduce the nitrogen oxide emissions

a)

installation of catalytic converters

b)

increased temperature of combustion

c)

the use of calcium carbonate to absorb the emissions

d)

the use of fluidized bed combustion

47.

Can be used to raise the pH of water, soil, and used in scrubbers

a)

H₂SO₄

b)

HNO₃

c)

CaCO₃

d)

CFC's

48.

During thermal inversion, ______________ air is surrounded by _____________ air.

a)

warm; cooler

b)

cool; warmer

c)

warm; denser

d)

cool; denser

49.

Which is NOT a criteria air pollutant?

a)

Sulfur dioxide

b)

lead

c)

carbon dioxide

d)

particulate matter

50.

Of the following cities, which regularly experiences the worst levels of photochemical smog that is enhanced by thermal inversions?

a)

New York City, NY

b)

Los Angeles, California

c)

Portland, Oregon

d)

Atlanta, Georgia

51.

Smoke from forest fires is most likely to affect air quality over larger areas for many days when

a)

smog is produced due to chemical reactions in the atmosphere

b)

a persistent atmospheric inversion exists in the region

c)

it emits primary pollutants

d)

it emits secondary pollutants

52.

Which below is a source of particulate matter?

a)

burning wood

b)

dust from gravel roads

c)

volcanoes

d)

forest fires

e)

all of these are sources of particulate matter

53.

Photochemical smog results from a reaction between

a)

nitrogen, oxygen and sunlight

b)

nitrogen, carbon and sunlight

c)

oxygen, water and lead

d)

sunlight, sulfur and carbon

e)

carbon, hydrogen, and methane

54.

Volcanic eruptions can be sources of air pollution

a)

True

b)

False

55.

This colorless, odorless gas can be deadly if breathed in. It is produced by incomplete combustion (not enough oxygen).

a)

SO₂

b)

CO

c)

NO

d)

NO₂

56.

Acid rain can damage

a)

Drinking water sources

b)

Aquatic life

c)

Architecture/buildings

d)

All options are correct

57.

Used on factory stacks to remove gases and particulate.

a)

Filters

b)

Emission reducers

c)

Scrubbers

d)

Filter Strips

58.

An air pollution prevention mechanism found in vehicles.

a)

combustion chamber

b)

electrostatic precipitator

c)

scrubber

d)

catalytic converter

59.

Which one is not a cause of noise pollution?

a)

b)

c)

d)

60.

Source: formerly in gasoline, paint, smelters, some batteries
Health effects: brain and nervous system damage esp. in children. some digestive system damage
Environmental effects: Can harm wildlife

a)

SO2

b)

NOx

c)

Pb

d)

CO

61.

A smog forming chemical
Source: burning of fossil fuels, cars are a major source
Health effects: lung damage, respiratory system illnesses
Environmental effects: an ingredient of acid precipitation

a)

NOx

b)

CO

c)

Pb

d)

VOCs

62.

source: burning of coal and oil, esp. coal from E. US some industrial processes
health effects: breathing problems, lung damage
environmental effects: ingredient in acid rain

a)

NO_x

b)

SO₂

c)

CO

d)

particulate matter

63.

A smog forming group of molecules
Source: are released from burning fuel (fossil fuels or biomass), solvents, paints glues and other commonly used products. They include benzene, methane, formaldehyde and others
Health effects: In addition to smog (ozone) effects, some are carcinogenic
Environmental effects: affects some plants directly in addition to smog effects

a)

PM (particulate matter)

b)

VOCs

c)

CO

d)

Pb

64.

Source burning of wood, diesel and other fuels, agriculture (plowing, burning off fields), unpaved roads , some industry
Health effects: nose and throat irritation, lung damage, bronchitis
Environmental effects: the main cause of haze that redues visibility

a)

VOCs

b)

O3

c)

particulate matter (PM)

d)

SO₂

65.

Hydrocarbons such as gasoline, solvents, paints, finger nail polish & thinners that vaporize easily.

a)

Sulfur Oxides

b)

Nitrogen Oxides

c)

VOC's

d)

Mercury

66.

Colorless, odorless gas that is emitted from burning fossil fuels. Can replace oxygen in the bloodstream and cause death.

a)

Lead

b)

Sulfur Dioxide SO2

c)

Carbon monoxide CO

d)

Carbon dioxide CO2

67.

Which of these problems can be caused by air pollution?

a)

Respiratory problems

b)

Reduced food sources for humans

c)

Increased disease for humans

d)

Decrease in global temperatures

68.

What causes acid rain?

a)

High concentrations of sulfuric or nitric acid from pollution

b)

Fertilizer use

c)

Pesticide use

d)

CFCs

69.

Concentration of nitrogen in the atmosphere

a)

21%

b)

55%

c)

78%

d)

95%

70.

a)

Less-dense, cool air rises up and mixes with the denser warm air above it, increasing the amount of thermal pollution in the atmosphere.

b)

Less-dense, warm air creates a temperature inversion between more-dense layers, trapping pollutants near the ground.

c)

Dense, warm air from the mountains on the right pushes into the less-dense, cool air mass, causing an inversion layer.

d)

Movement of air currents over urban areas decreases the amount of photochemical smog during summer months.

71.

An experiment to evaluate the efficiency of wet and dry scrubber networks that filter particulate gas at different flow rates was conducted under different flow rate conditions. The results are shown below.

a)

Dry scrubbers are less than 20% efficient at removing particles less than 1�m and increase to over 50% efficiency at removing particles between 1 and 2�m.

b)

Dry scrubbers are between 50% and 90% efficient at removing particles less than 2�m, depending on the flow rate.

c)

Dry scrubbers are between 5% and 40% efficient at removing particles less than 2�m in size.

d)

Dry scrubbers are less than 10% efficient at removing particles less than 1�m in size.

72.

An experiment to evaluate the efficiency of wet and dry scrubber networks that filter particulate gas at different flow rates was conducted under different flow rate conditions. The results are shown below.

a)

Dry scrubbers using a flow rate of 200 L/min are best suited to remove small particles.

b)

Dry scrubbers using a flow rate of 450 L/min are best suited to remove large particles.

c)

Wet scrubbers using a flow rate of 300 L/min are best suited to remove small particles.

d)

Wet scrubbers using a flow rate of 450 L/min are best suited to remove large particles.

73.

Effects of Noise on Wildlife

Sound, just like the availability of nesting materials or food sources, plays an important role in the ecosystem. Activities such as finding desirable habitat and mates, avoiding predators, protecting young, and establishing territories are all dependent on the acoustical environment. [Wildlife is] being forced to adapt to increasing noise levels. Research shows that males of at least one frog species are adapting to traffic noise by calling at a higher pitch. This could be problematic for the females, because they prefer lower-pitched calls, which indicate larger and more experienced males.

In general, studies indicate that animals are stressed by noisy environments. The endangered Sonoran pronghorn avoids noisy areas frequented by military jets; female frogs exposed to traffic noise have more difficulty locating the male's signal; bats avoid hunting in areas with road noise. Combined with other stressors such as winter weather, disease, and food shortages, sound impacts can have important implications for the health and vitality of wildlife populations within a park.

National parks are under increasing noise pressure. Noise levels in park transportation corridors today are many times the natural level. Sound levels during peak periods in a high air traffic corridor in the Yellowstone backcountry, for example, were elevated by up to 5 decibels. The result is as much as a 70% reduction in the size of an area in which predators can hear their prey. Increasingly, careful consideration of the impacts of human-generated noise on wildlife is a critical component of management for healthy ecosystems in our parks.

Which of the following claims is best supported by the evidence provided by the article?

a)

Frog populations may increase in size as a result of the changes in male vocalizations.

b)

Female frogs are beginning to prefer male frogs with higher pitched calls.

c)

More experienced male frogs are no longer preferred by female frogs.

d)

Frog populations may decrease in size as a result of males changing the pitch of their calls.

74.

Atmospheric deposition is receiving increased attention in the scientific community, and has become the subject of a specific research area in the environmental sciences. Acid rain is detrimental to our ecosystems and can be measured in several ways.

Which of the following methods would best identify changes from acid deposition in an area over time?

a)

Calculating the change in sulfur dioxide emissions from coal-burning power plants over time

b)

Mapping out coal-burning power plant locations over the past 50 years

c)

Measuring the pH of rainwater and surface water in affected areas

d)

Monitoring the long-term chemical and biological parameters of an ecosystem

75.

A researcher wants to determine if ponds and lakes downwind of a coal-burning power plant are affected by the plant’s emissions. Which of the following would be the best parameter from the water in the ponds and lakes to measure in order to determine the effect of the plant’s emissions on the aquatic ecosystems?

Responses

a)

pH

b)

Biological oxygen demand (BOD)

c)

Carbon dioxide

d)

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)

76.

Which of the following best describes how a scientist could accurately study the effects of soil buffering on plant growth in a region that is affected by acid deposition downwind of a coal-burning power plant?

a)

Measure changes in plant height over a year in a two different groups of trees; one group is 5km from the power plant and one group is 10km from the power plant.

b)

Measure the changes in plant height over a year in two different groups of trees the same distance from the power plant; one group is in topsoil and one group is in topsoil with limestone added.

c)

Measure changes in plant biomass over a year in two different groups of trees the same distance from the power plant; one group is not manipulated and one group is watered daily to dilute the deposition's acidity.

d)

Measure changes in plant biomass over a year in two different groups of trees; one group is 5km from the power plant over limestone bedrock and one group is 10km from the power plant that has nitrogen and phosphorus added to the topsoil.

77.

Effects of Noise on Wildlife

Sound, just like the availability of nesting materials or food sources, plays an important role in the ecosystem. Activities such as finding desirable habitat and mates, avoiding predators, protecting young, and establishing territories are all dependent on the acoustical environment. [Wildlife is] being forced to adapt to increasing noise levels. Research shows that males of at least one frog species are adapting to traffic noise by calling at a higher pitch. This could be problematic for the females, because they prefer lower-pitched calls, which indicate larger and more experienced males.

In general, studies indicate that animals are stressed by noisy environments. The endangered Sonoran pronghorn avoids noisy areas frequented by military jets; female frogs exposed to traffic noise have more difficulty locating the male's signal; bats avoid hunting in areas with road noise. Combined with other stressors such as winter weather, disease, and food shortages, sound impacts can have important implications for the health and vitality of wildlife populations within a park.

National parks are under increasing noise pressure. Noise levels in park transportation corridors today are many times the natural level. Sound levels during peak periods in a high air traffic corridor in the Yellowstone backcountry, for example, were elevated by up to 5 decibels. The result is as much as a 70% reduction in the size of an area in which predators can hear their prey. Increasingly, careful consideration of the impacts of human-generated noise on wildlife is a critical component of management for healthy ecosystems in our parks.

Based on the author’s claim in the article, which of the following statements best describes the effect of noise pollution on wildlife?

a)

Noise pollution is being managed in such a way as to not significantly interfere with wildlife in national parks.

b)

Noise in national parks has an overall positive effect on wildlife and has led to an increase in biodiversity.

c)

Stressors such as winter weather, disease, and food shortages are having a greater effect on wildlife than noise pollution.

d)

Noise pollution has a negative effect on wildlife activities such as mating, establishing territories, and predator-prey interactions.

78.

Which of the following devices is correctly paired to the air pollutant it would be used to measure?

a)

Measuring device:

Gas Sensor

Pollutant Measured:

CO2

b)

Measuring device: Electrostatic precipitator

Pollutant Measured:

CO

c)

Measuring device: Sound Pressure Level Sensor

Pollutant Measured:

Particulate Matter

d)

Measuring device: Catalytic converter

Pollutant Measured:

VOCs

79.

Why do carbon levels fluctuate seasonally?

a)

People drive more in the summer

b)

There are more heaters uses in the winter

c)

Coal is only burned seasonally

d)

Photosynthesis from plants is lessened in the winter months

80.

Cool air trapped below warm air, with the possibility of trapping pollutants near the surface.

a)

Cold Front

b)

Warm Front

c)

Temperature Inversion

d)

Heat Island

81.

What is a half-life?

a)

The average time it takes for any element to disappear completely

b)

The time it takes for a radioactive atom to lose half its neutrons

c)

The time it takes for half of any number of radioactive atoms to decay

d)

The time it takes for a radioactive atom to lose half its electrons

82.

Fossil fuels are classified as nonrenewable because they.......

a)

require expensive equipment

b)

take millions of years to replace

c)

can be found all over

d)

provide all the energy we use

83.

Photovoltaic cells convert sunlight into:

a)

Heat

b)

Motion

c)

Light

d)

Electricty

84.

If the fuel rods in a reactor vessel produce too much heat, a condition called a(n) _______________ may occur

a)

nuclear meltdown

b)

explosion

c)

emergency evacuation

d)

reactor vessel

85.

Based on the data collected, which source of alternative energy is most efficient?

a)

Coal

b)

Wind

c)

Natural gas

d)

Solar

86.

What are the 3 main techniques used for mining?

a)

Strip Mining, Hard Mining, Above Ground mining

b)

Underground Mining, Strip Mining, Above ground mining

c)

Open pit mining, Strip Mining, Above ground mining

d)

Strip mining, Open pit mining, Underground mining

87.

The _____ sets standards to minimize the surface effects of coal mining on the environment.

a)

Clean Water Act

b)

Comprehensive Response Compensation and Liability Act (1980)

c)

Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977

d)

Safe Drinking Water Act

88.

The _____ regulates the release of hazardous substances into the air,soil, and water by mining.

a)

Clean Water Act

b)

Comprehensive Response Compensation and Liability Act (1980)

c)

Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977

d)

Safe Drinking Water Act

89.

Which of the following best describes the impact of using wet scrubber technology?

a)

Reduction of SO2 and particulates emitted from smokestacks

b)

Mobilization of particulate matter more readily through the hydrologic cycle

c)

Reduction of the mercury content in coal prior to its combustion

d)

Removal of toxic ash after coal combustion

90.

Under the Clean Air Act, what agency was charged with enforcing emission standards for new source of air pollution?

a)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

b)

U.S. Department of Justice

c)

Environmental Protection Agency

d)

U.S. Gelological Survey

APES UNIT 7

Total questions: 90

Worksheet time: 1hrs 3mins

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