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APES Unit 7 Air Pollution

Total questions: 101

Worksheet time: 2hrs 16mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following is NOT a primary pollutant?

a)

nitric oxides

b)

smog

c)

sulfur dioxide

d)

volatile organic compounds

2.

Which of the following are examples of VOC's ? (Select 3)

a)

paint and paint thinners

b)

gasoline

c)

water vapor

d)

formaldehyde

e)

smog

3.

Thermal inversions

a)

increase the rate of smog formation

b)

trap high concentrations of pollution at ground level

c)

result in increased levels of acid deposition

d)

reduce the negative effects of VOC's

4.
Which of the following substances is an colorless, odorless, tasteless, radioactive gas?
a)
carbon monoxide
b)
radon
c)
ozone
d)
asbestos
5.

This molecule prevents UV radiation from getting to the troposphere

a)

stratospheric ozone

b)

tropospheric ozone

c)

Calcium Carbonate

d)

CFC

6.
Which of the following are greenhouse gases?
a)
Carbon dioxide
b)
Methane
c)
Water vapor
d)
All answers are correct
7.

This primary pollutant creates a reddish brown gas creating photochemical smog and tropospheric ozone.

a)

sulfuric acid

b)

VOC

c)

nitrogen dioxide

d)

particulate matter

8.
The pattern of air during thermal inversion is
a)
warm- cold- warm
b)
cold- warm- cold
c)
there is no pattern, it is only cold
9.
The general term for air pollution that reduces visibility, especially in cities. 
a)
atmospheric transport
b)
pollution 
c)
smog
d)
wet scrubber
10.

The Urban Heat Island Effect

a)

occurs when rural areas are warmer than urban centers at night

b)

is intensified when more trees are present

c)

leads to warmer temperatures in shallow water bodies in a city

d)

leads to decrease in electrical demand in a city

11.
One of the six types of air pollution monitored by the EPA.  Is formed from incomplete combustion.
a)
CO2
b)
CO
c)
SO2
d)
O3
12.
Which of the following is a Secondary Pollutant?
a)
VOCs
b)
Lead
c)
CO
d)
O3
13.

Which is NOT a criteria air pollutant?

a)

Sulfur dioxide

b)

lead

c)

carbon dioxide

d)

particulate matter

14.

Which below is considered an air pollutant?

a)

stratospheric ozone

b)

tropospheric ozone

c)

exospheric ozone

d)

mesospheric ozone

e)

thermospheric ozone

15.

A type of pollution found both indoors and outdoors, which includes pollen, dander, soot, carbon, and dust.

a)

Water droplets

b)

Allergens

c)

Particulate matter

d)

Combustibles

16.
Ozone and acid rain are both pollutants formed through reactions in the atmosphere. This makes them
a)
primary air pollutants
b)
secondary air pollutants 
c)
atmospheric transport
d)
atmospheric deposition
17.

A carcinogen produced from radioactive decay of Uranium-28. Found naturally in some soils.

a)

Radon

b)

Lead

c)

Mercury

d)

Ozone

18.

A strong VOC and greenhouse gas, made in excess from livestock.

a)

Carbon Dioxide

b)

Lead

c)

Mercury

d)

Methane

19.

A protective gas in the stratosphere, but a pollutant in the troposphere.

a)

Ozone

b)

Nitrogen

c)

Radon

d)

Methane

20.

Check all that are true of the stratosphere.

a)

Where the ozone layer is located.

b)

Where we live.

c)

The second layer of the atmosphere.

d)

The coldest layer of the atmosphere.

21.

This smog occurs when sunlight reacts with certain pollutants in the atmosphere.

a)

Temperature Smog

b)

Industrial Smog

c)

Photochemical Smog

d)

Acid Deposition

22.

Which climate conditions would be best suited for the formation of photochemical smog?

a)

Cool, wet, cloudy

b)

Cool, dry, sunny

c)

Warm, wet, cloudy

d)

Warm, dry, sunny

23.

Which of the following is true of acid deposition?

a)

It kills fish by precipitating copper that causes lung mucus buildup

b)

It is a benefit to plants by leaching soil nutrients

c)

It increases the pH of aquatic ecosystems

d)

It damages statues, buildings, and car finishes

24.

Check all that contribute to particulate matter pollution.

a)

Diesel exhaust

b)

Coal burning

c)

Electrostatic precipitators

d)

Wood fires

25.

Check all that is true of the Clean Air Act.

a)

It set air quality standards for public health

b)

It was signed by 71 nations in Montreal

c)

It developed motor vehicle emission standards

d)

It gave a timeline to power plants to cut emissions

26.

What do scrubbers do to control air pollution?

a)

They increase the efficiency of electricity generation

b)

They remove gases and particulates from exhaust

c)

They use electric charge to remove pollutants

d)

They convert pollutants to something less harmful

27.

Implicated in human neurological damage

a)

Sulfur dioxide

b)

Lead

c)

Ozone

d)

Hydrocarbons

e)

Particulates

28.

Which of the following is the human health impact most closely associated with atmospheric particulates?

a)

Cataracts

b)

Diabetes

c)

Melanoma

d)

Asthma

e)

Obesity

29.

Catalytic converters reduce which of the following pairs of pollutants in car exhaust?

a)

Carbon dioxide and ozone

b)

Carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons

c)

Carbon dioxide and particulates

d)

Lead and mercury

e)

Methane and particulates

30.

Which of the following points on the graph best illustrates the location where pollutants are most likely to accumulate as a result of a thermal inversion?

a)

Point A

b)

Point B

c)

Point C

d)

Point D

31.

An air pollution expert set up a monitoring program to determine the amount of particulate matter (PM) leaving a farmer’s field after crops were harvested and the soil was bare. She set up high-volume air samplers 10 meters from each edge of the square field and collected samples weekly for two months. When she looked at her data, she was surprised by how much the PM levels varied, both from site to site on a given date and over time at each site. Which of the following parameters would have been best to measure to help explain the variation in her results?

a)

Percent of cloudy days over the two months

b)

Particle size of the soils in the field

c)

Depth of the organic matter in the soil

d)

Wind direction and speed

32.

Which of the following is most likely responsible for the indoor air pollutant shown in the graph?

a)

Cracks in the basement foundation

b)

Synthetic fiber in carpets and furniture

c)

Leaking water

d)

Pet hair

33.

Which of the following practices would act to reduce vehicular generated air pollution in urban areas?

I. Establish “No Idling” zones where vehicles park or wait

II. Require Enhanced Auto Emission Inspections

III. Retrofit gasoline pumps with sleeves to collect VOC’s

a)

I only

b)

II only

c)

II and III only

d)

I and III only

e)

I, II, and III

34.

In order to reduce the amount of ground-level pollutants (e.g. VOCs, NOX, CO and tropospheric ozone), some municipalities around the globe have instituted all of the following EXCEPT,

a)

installing scrubbers on automobiles

b)

permitting automobiles to be driven only every other day

c)

expanding public transportation networks

d)

carpool/high occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes on interstates

e)

charging user fees to use certain roads at certain times

35.

Which harmful substance was once commonly used as insulation?

a)

Asbestos

b)

Mercury

c)

Lead

d)

Radon

e)

Ozone

36.

The 3 main anthropogenic sources of gaseous air pollutants in the US are

a)

soil erosion, volcanoes, and forest fires

b)

transportation, soil erosion, and energy production

c)

industry, transportation, and energy production

d)

industry, transportation and agriculture

37.
The majority of atmospheric mercury is produced by:
a)
Municipal Waste Incinerators
b)
Coal burning power plants
c)
Medical waste
d)
Runoff from thermometer factories
38.
What three components have to be present to create photochemical smog?
a)
VOCS, PANS, Carbon Dioxide
b)
VOCS, Ozone, Nitrogen Monoxide
c)
Nitrogen Dioxide, Sunlight, and VOCS
d)
Sulfur Dioxide, Nitrogen Dioxide, and Ozone
39.

This molecule prevents UV radiation from getting to the troposphere

a)

stratospheric ozone

b)

tropospheric ozone

c)

Calcium Carbonate

d)

CFC

40.
One of the six types of air pollution monitored by the EPA.  Is formed from incomplete combustion.
a)
CO2
b)
CO
c)
SO2
d)
O3
41.
Which of the following is NOT a carcinogen?
a)
Arsenic
b)
Radon
c)
Asbestos
d)
Carbon Monoxide
42.

a secondary pollutant

a)

forms in the stratosphere

b)

is transformed by sunlight, water, or other elements in the atmosphere

c)

cannot be directly tracked to its source

d)

forms primarily from incomplete combustion

43.

Which is a source of sulfur dioxide found in nature?

a)

forest fires

b)

lightning

c)

plant emissions

d)

volcano

44.
High levels of photochemical smog are due to
   I nitrogen dioxide
  II sulfur dioxide
III VOC's
a)
I only
b)
I and II only
c)
II and III only
d)
I and III only
45.

Thermal inversions

a)

increase the rate of smog formation

b)

trap high concentrations of pollution at ground level

c)

result in increased levels of acid deposition

d)

reduce the negative effects of VOC's

46.

Acid deposition forms as a result of

a)

nitrogen oxides and photochemical smog

b)

carbon monoxide and VOC's

c)

sulfur dioxide and VOC's

d)

nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxides

47.

The effects of acid deposition include

a)

increased cancer rates in aquatic organisms

b)

increased pH of lake water

c)

decreased mobilization of metals

d)

decreased aquatic biodiversity

48.

Which method is used to reduce the nitrogen oxide emissions

a)

installation of catalytic converters

b)

increased temperature of combustion

c)

the use of calcium carbonate to absorb the emissions

d)

the use of fluidized bed combustion

49.

Which is NOT used to prevent the emission of particulate matter?

a)

gravitational settling

b)

fabric filters

c)

electrostatic precipitators

d)

catalytic converters

50.

Which outdoor air pollutant is also a significant indoor air pollutant?

a)

sulfur dioxide

b)

carbon monoxide

c)

ozone

d)

lead

51.

CO2 and other pollutants are usually measured in units of

a)

pH

b)

percent

c)

decibels

d)

parts per million

52.

During thermal inversion, ______________ air is surrounded by _____________ air.

a)

warm; cooler

b)

cool; warmer

c)

warm; denser

d)

cool; denser

53.

What can you predict about indoor air pollution in India and Sub-Saharan Africa?

a)

Homes have more efficient insulation and increased ventilation decreasing indoor air pollution

b)

Use of biomass fuel sources such as wood and charcoal for cooking increases indoor air pollution

c)

Industrial power plants burning fossil fuels for electrical energy generation decreases indoor air pollution

d)

Use of chemical pesticides on croplands increases indoor air pollution

54.

What is a geologic source of CO2?

a)

Respiration

b)

Decomposition

c)

Volcanoes

d)

Photosynthesis

55.

Which is NOT a criteria air pollutant?

a)

Sulfur dioxide

b)

lead

c)

carbon dioxide

d)

particulate matter

56.
Of the following cities, which regularly experiences the worst levels of photochemical smog that is enhanced by thermal inversions?
a)
New York City, NY
b)
Los Angeles, California
c)
Portland, Oregon
d)
Atlanta, Georgia
57.

Smoke from forest fires is most likely to affect air quality over larger areas for many days when

a)

smog is produced due to chemical reactions in the atmosphere

b)

a persistent atmospheric inversion exists in the region

c)

it emits primary pollutants

d)

it emits secondary pollutants

58.

The Clean Air Act- regulates vehicle emissions.

a)

true

b)

false

59.
Used on factory stacks to remove gases and particulate.
a)
Filters
b)
Emission reducers
c)
Scrubbers
d)
Filter Strips
60.

A type of pollution found both indoors and outdoors, which includes pollen, dander, soot, carbon, and dust.

a)

Water droplets

b)

Allergens

c)

Particulate matter

d)

Combustibles

61.

Which of the following are examples of VOC's ? (Select 3)

a)

paint and paint thinners

b)

gasoline

c)

water vapor

d)

formaldehyde

e)

smog

62.

Which of the following is NOT a primary pollutant?

a)

nitric oxides

b)

smog

c)

sulfur dioxide

d)

volatile organic compounds

63.

Which of the following government agencies is responsible for the Clean Air Act?

a)

the USGS

b)

the USDA

c)

the EPA

d)

the USDOJ

64.

Which of the following practices would act to reduce vehicular generated air pollution in urban areas?

I. Establish “No Idling” zones where vehicles park or wait

II. Require Enhanced Auto Emission Inspections

III. Retrofit gasoline pumps with sleeves to collect VOC’s

a)

I only

b)

II only

c)

II and III only

d)

I and III only

e)

I, II, and III

65.

In order to reduce the amount of ground-level pollutants (e.g. VOCs, NOX, CO and tropospheric ozone), some municipalities around the globe have instituted all of the following EXCEPT,

a)

installing scrubbers on automobiles

b)

permitting automobiles to be driven only every other day

c)

expanding public transportation networks

d)

carpool/high occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes on interstates

e)

charging user fees to use certain roads at certain times

66.

Which harmful substance was once commonly used as insulation?

a)

Asbestos

b)

Mercury

c)

Lead

d)

Radon

e)

Ozone

67.

Which below is considered an air pollutant?

a)

stratospheric ozone

b)

tropospheric ozone

c)

exospheric ozone

d)

mesospheric ozone

e)

thermospheric ozone

68.

What is TRUE of carbon monoxide?

a)

It is CO2

b)

It is an odorless gas

c)

It has a purple color

d)

It is the product of complete combustion

e)

None of these are true

69.

Which is false of carbon dioxide?

a)

It is CO2

b)

It is colorless

c)

It is odorless

d)

It is a greenhouse gas

e)

It is the product of photosynthesis

70.

Which below is a source of particulate matter?

a)

burning wood

b)

dust from gravel roads

c)

volcanoes

d)

forest fires

e)

all of these are sources of particulate matter

71.

Photochemical smog results from a reaction between

a)

nitrogen, oxygen and sunlight

b)

nitrogen, carbon and sunlight

c)

oxygen, water and lead

d)

sunlight, sulfur and carbon

e)

carbon, hydrogen, and methane

72.

Volcanic eruptions can be sources of air pollution

a)

True

b)

False

73.
What are the pollutants known to cause acid rain?
a)
nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide (sulfur compounds)
b)
Low pH and Acid
c)
Lemon Juice and Battery Acid
d)
Particulate Matter and Carbon Dioxide
74.

Smog or ground ozone forms in the troposphere. Which pollutants are most responsible for smog or ground ozone?

a)

sulfur and particulate matter

b)

volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides

c)

carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide

d)

none of these answers are correct

75.
CFC's cause harm to our 
a)
Troposphere
b)
Inversion Layer
c)
Ozone Layer
d)
Carbon Dioxide
76.

Where is the Ozone Layer found in our atmosphere?

a)

Troposphere (lower portion)

b)

Stratosphere (upper portion)

77.
Which of these problems can be caused by air pollution?
a)
Respiratory problems
b)
Reduced food sources for humans
c)
Increased disease for humans
d)
Decrease in global temperatures
78.
Acid rain can damage
a)
Drinking water sources
b)
Aquatic life
c)
Architecture/buildings
d)
All options are correct
79.
A metallic element that can cause brain damage
a)
Lead
b)
Particulate matter
c)
Ground-level ozone
d)
Nitrogen oxides
80.
Dust, ash and pollen are examples of this air pollutant
a)
Lead
b)
Ground-level ozone
c)
Particulate matter
d)
Nitrogen oxides
81.

The Clean Air Act- regulates vehicle emissions.

a)

true

b)

false

82.
Used on factory stacks to remove gases and particulate.
a)
Filters
b)
Emission reducers
c)
Scrubbers
d)
Filter Strips
83.
An air pollution prevention mechanism found in vehicles. 
a)
combustion chamber
b)
electrostatic precipitator
c)
scrubber
d)
catalytic converter
84.
What is a primary pollutant? 
a)
pollutant that is put directly into air by human activities
b)
pollutants that react with other primary pollutants
85.

A type of pollution found both indoors and outdoors, which includes pollen, dander, soot, carbon, and dust.

a)

Water droplets

b)

Allergens

c)

Particulate matter

d)

Combustibles

86.

Which of the following is NOT a primary pollutant?

a)

nitric oxides

b)

smog

c)

sulfur dioxide

d)

volatile organic compounds

87.
What is a secondary pollutant? 
a)
pollutant that is put directly into air by human activities
b)
pollutants that react with other primary pollutants
88.

Which of the following pH measurements of rainwater would indicate acid precipitation/rain?

a)

pH 6.0

b)

pH 4.1

c)

pH 7.3

d)

pH 9.6

89.

What areas are more likely to experience temperature inversions?

a)

small cities in the mountains

b)

large cities in valleys

c)

large cities near oceans

d)

small cities near a river

90.
Composed of fibers known to cause lung disease
a)
Asbestos
b)
Radon
c)
Lead
d)
Formaldehyde
91.
Of the following cities, which regularly experiences the worst levels of photochemical smog that is enhanced by thermal inversions?
a)
New York City, NY
b)
Los Angeles, California
c)
Portland, Oregon
d)
Atlanta, Georgia
92.
The 3 main anthropogenic sources of gaseous air pollutants in the US are
a)
soil erosion, volcanoes, and forest fires
b)
soil erosion, volcanoes, and energy production
c)
industry, transportation, and energy production
d)
industry, transportation and agriculture
93.

Where is the "GOOD" ozone located?

a)

troposphere

b)

stratosphere

c)

mesosphere

d)

thermosphere

94.

Radon is usually found in this location in your home.

a)

attic

b)

basement

c)

bathroom

d)

kitchen

95.
A neurotoxin that accumulates in food chains through biomagnification
a)
Pb
b)
Hg
c)
As
d)
CO
96.
Which of the following correctly lists the 6 “criteria” air pollutants as specified under the Clean Air Act?
a)
Pb, SO2, NOX, CO, PM, and tropospheric O3
b)
Tropospheric O3, SO2, NOX, PM, Pb, and CO2
c)
SO4, NOX, CO, PM, Pb, and tropospheric O3
d)
SO2, NOX, CO, Hg, PM, and tropospheric O3
97.
The chemical formula for ozone?
a)
0
b)
02
c)
03
d)
OZn
98.
The ozone layer is damaged by
a)
CFCs
b)
Increase in greenhouse gases
c)
Increased global temperatures
d)
Sulfuric and nitric acids
99.

What effect do temperature inversions have?

a)

traps heat and raises the temperature beneath it

b)

traps cold air and lowers the temperature beneath it

c)

traps emissions and can accumulate beneath it

d)

traps the ozone layer

100.

How do temperature Inversions affect air currents?

a)

A layer of cold, polluted air mixes with the warm air from the surface and creates a smog-like layer

b)

A layer of slightly warmer air prevents the warm, polluted air from rising, causing a build up of pollution near the surface

c)

A layer of smoke causes temperatures to lower near the surface of the earth, causing more pollution in the air.

101.

Which of the following is the basis of industrial fog?

a)

burning coal

b)

vehicle emissions

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