WorksheetsIGCSE Thermal Physics revision part 3
Total questions: 30
Worksheet time: 17mins
K = Degrees Celsius + __________
A liquid at room temperature is put on a metal surface which is also at room temperature. A student blows gently across the liquid and its temperature decreases. What causes the liquid to become cooler?
Bubbles of water vapour form in the liquid and go into the air.
The moving air reduces the kinetic energy of all the particles in the liquid.
Thermal energy flows from the liquid into the metal.
The more energetic particles in the liquid escape into the air.
Very small pollen grains are suspended in water. A bright light shines from the side. When looked at through a microscope, small specks of light are seen to be moving in a random, jerky manner.
What are the moving specks of light?
pollen grains being hit by other pollen grains
pollen grains being hit by water molecules
water molecules being hit by other water molecules
water molecules being hit by pollen grains
A gas is contained in a sealed container in a laboratory. The temperature of the gas increases. What happens to the average speed and what happens to the total kinetic energy of the gas molecules?
average speed does not change, total kinetic energy does not change
average speed does not change, total kinetic energy increases
average speed increases, total kinetic energy does not change
average speed increases, total kinetic energy increases
The same mass of a gas is trapped in four identical cylinders by a piston that can move. The diagrams show the samples of gas in different conditions of volume and temperature. Which list gives the pressure of the gas in order from lowest to highest?
1 → 2 → 3 → 4
1 → 3 → 2 → 4
4 → 2 → 3 → 1
4 → 3 → 2 → 1
The liquid level in a thermometer rises when the thermometer is placed in hot water. What causes this?
The liquid contracts.
The liquid evaporates.
The liquid expands.
The liquid freezes.
A student calculates the energy needed to raise the temperature of an aluminium block from 50 °C to 60 °C. He then does an experiment to measure the energy used to do this. Which statement about the measured energy is correct?
The measured energy will be greater than the calculated energy because some energy is
transferred to the surroundings.
The measured energy will be greater than the calculated energy because the block absorbs
energy from the surroundings.
The measured energy will be less than the calculated energy because the mass of the block
decreases as it gets warmer.
The measured energy will be less than the calculated energy because the thermal capacity
of the block is low.
Which statements correctly describes a liquid that is boiling
no bubbles seen, takes place on the surface only
no bubbles seen, takes place throughout the liquid
bubbles seen, takes place on the surface only
bubbles seen, takes place throughout the liquid
Which statement about boiling and evaporation is correct?
Boiling requires a supply of thermal energy but evaporation does not.
Evaporation takes place at the surface of a liquid but boiling takes place throughout the
liquid.
When water boils in a kettle, its temperature decreases.
When water evaporates, its temperature increases.
Why are small gaps left between the metal rails of a railway track?
to allow for expansion of the rails on a hot day
to allow for contraction of the rails on a hot day
to allow for expansion of the rails on a cold day
to allow for contraction of the rails on a cold day
A block of metal absorbs 2000 J of thermal energy. The temperature of the block rises from 10 °C to 20 °C. The mass of the block is 2.0 kg. What is the specific heat capacity of the metal?
50 J / (kg °C)
100 J / (kg °C)
200 J / (kg °C)
400 J / (kg °C)
A metal rod is heated at end X. Why does end Y of the metal rod become hot?
Energy is transferred from end X of the rod to end Y by vibration of positive ions and by
movement of electrons.
Energy is transferred from end X of the rod to end Y by movement of positive ions only.
Energy is transferred from end X of the rod to end Y by vibration of positive ions only.
Energy is transferred from end X of the rod to end Y by movement of electrons only.
Two square sheets of metal, P and Q, are heated to the same temperature. The metal sheets are shown. Sheet Q is emitting more radiation than sheet P. Which statement explains this?
Dull black surfaces are better conductors of radiation.
Dull black surfaces are better emitters of radiation.
The surface area of Q is larger than that of P.
White surfaces are better absorbers of radiation.
Three students are planning an experiment to test thermal conduction in different materials. The students each propose a hypothesis.
1 I think the copper rod will be a good thermal conductor because it is a metal.
2 I think the glass rod will be a good thermal conductor because it has free electrons which vibrate and transfer energy quickly.
3 I think the wooden rod will be a poor thermal conductor because it can only transfer energy along the rod by vibrating the lattice particles.
Which of their hypotheses are correct?
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2 and 3
Which diagram shows the movement of air as the room is heated?
When the lid is removed, the rate of heat loss from the drink increases. What causes this?
Which line in the table describes the temperature and the direction of the air that moves through the gap?
Which statement is correct?
What are the main processes by which heat energy is transferred from the element to the water, and throughout the water?
Which row shows the surface that is the better absorber and the surface that is the better emitter of infra-red radiation?
A
B
C
D
One end of a copper rod is heated. What is one method by which thermal energy is transferred in the copper rod?
free electrons transfer energy from the cooler end to the hotter end
free electrons transfer energy from the hotter end to the cooler end
molecules of copper move from the cooler end to the hotter end
molecules of copper move from the hotter end to the cooler end
The same quantity of thermal energy is supplied to two solid objects A and Y. The temperature increase of object X is greater than the temperature increase of object Y. Which statement explains this?
X has a lower melting point than Y
X has a lower density than Y
X has a lower thermal capacity than Y
X is a better thermal conductor than Y
