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Geology review

Total questions: 168

Worksheet time: 2hrs 50mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What kind of rock is formed by the compaction and cementation of sediments

a)

Igneous Rocks

b)

Metamorphic Rocks

c)

Sedimentary Rocks

d)

Crystals

2.

Can igneous rocks contain air bubbles?

a)

True

b)

False

3.

Rocks are classified by:

a)

where you find them

b)

their density

c)

their mass

d)

how they form

4.

The three rock types are:

a)

Metamorphic, crystalline and magma

b)

Intrusive, extrusive and globular

c)

Igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic

5.

Which of the following has the greatest erosional power?

a)

an avalanche

b)

creep

c)

a landslide

d)

glacier

6.

Which is the correct?

a)

Layer R is younger than layers B, J, and F

b)

Intrusion R is older than layers X, S and M

c)

Intrusion R is older than B, but younger than X

d)

Layer B is older than older than X but younger than R

7.

Which TWO statement about earthquakes are true?

a)

Earthquakes have only occurred in the distant past.

b)

When plates shift, earthquakes sometimes happen.

c)

Continental movement is evidence that plates have shifted, resulting in earthquakes, since the beginning of time, and will likely continue forever.

d)

Earthquakes are always caused by volcanic eruptions that caused the continents to break apart. Continents will definitely never all be connected again.

8.

Which statement is true of the Law of Superposition?

a)

In undisturbed rock layers, the bottom layers are the oldest.

b)

In undisturbed rock layers, the bottom layers are the youngest.

c)

In disturbed rock layers, broken layers are always the youngest.

d)

In disturbed rock layers, the top layers are always the oldest.

9.

Why is the study of ice cores important to the study of geologic history?

a)

It allows scientists to determine the age of Earth.

b)

It allows scientists to determine the number of species that have gone extinct.

c)

It allows scientists to determine the pattern of large mammal migration.

d)

It allows scientists to determine how and why climate changed in the past.

10.

Which can most likely be concluded about the area where the samples were found?

a)

The area has shrunk over time.

b)

The area was once under water.

c)

Organisms in layers 1 and 2 became extinct miles away.

d)

The area did not support any life.

11.

What is the age of the batholith intrusion compared to the other rock layers?

a)

Batholith is the oldest layer.

b)

Batholith is older than the Sill, but younger than the Laccolith.

c)

Batholith is the youngest layer.

12.

Which statement is true about tectonic plate movement?

a)

They have collided and broken apart continuously over time.

b)

They have shifted once and won't move again.

c)

They are responsible for all geologic changes over time.

d)

They first moved slowly, then fast, and they're moving slowly again.

13.

Which is a process that allows scientists to compare rock layers with others in a sequence to determine their age?

a)

Radioactive dating.

b)

Ice core dating

c)

Relative dating

d)

Romantic dating

14.

What is the scientific word for a break, or fracture in rocks?

a)

dike

b)

fault

c)

inclusion

d)

occlusion

15.

What types of rocks are created by hardening and cementing of layers of sediment?

a)

Igneous

b)

Metamorphic

c)

Inclusions

d)

Sedimentary

16.

If fossils of many species exists in lower rock layers, but are never found again in layers above, what might a scientist determine?

a)

There was a solar eclipse.

b)

There was a huge migration, and everything moved to a new location.

c)

There was a mass extinction.

d)

There was a slight change in the climate.

17.

Alfred Wegener’s idea of continental drift was not complete because he didn’t know...

a)

that the continents moved.

b)

that the continents looked like puzzle pieces.

c)

how the continents moved.

d)

about Pangaea.

18.

Which type of plate boundary is pictured?

a)

transform boundary

b)

divergent boundary

c)

convergent boundary

d)

tectonic plates

19.

What process is happening at Z?

a)

Pangaea

b)

magnetic reversal

c)

sea-floor spreading

d)

subduction

20.

Why does oceanic crust subduct under continental crust when the two converge?

a)

Oceanic crust subducts under continental crusts because they have the same density.

b)

Oceanic crust subducts under continental crusts because oceanic crust is more dense than continental crust.

c)

Oceanic crust subducts under continental crusts because oceanic crust is less dense than continental crust.

d)

Oceanic crust does not subduct under continental crust.

21.

What ocean floor feature occurs at X?

a)

a. an island

b)

a. a trench

c)

a. the mid-ocean ridge

d)

a. an underwater cave

22.

Which type of plate boundary is pictured above?

a)

transform boundary

b)

divergent boundary

c)

convergent boundary

d)

tectonic plates

23.

. Which type of plate boundary is pictured above?

a)

transform boundary

b)

divergent boundary

c)

convergent boundary

d)

tectonic plates

24.

According to the theory of plate tectonics, on which layer of Earth do plates float?

a)

asthenosphere / mantle

b)

lithosphere / crust

c)

crust

d)

core

25.

The moving plates of Earth's lithosphere cause all of the following except

a)

earthquakes.

b)

volcanoes.

c)

hurricanes.

d)

mountains.

26.

The giant continent which was composed of all the land on Earth was called

a)

Pangaea.

b)

Panthalassa.

c)

Gondwana.

d)

Laurasia.

27.

A collision between two pieces of continental crust at a convergent boundary produces a

a)

mid-ocean ridge.

b)

deep-ocean trench.

c)

rift valley.

d)

mountain range.

28.

The geological theory that states that pieces of Earth's lithosphere are in constant, slow motion is the theory of

a)

subduction.

b)

plate tectonics.

c)

deep-ocean trenches.

d)

sea-floor spreading.

29.

Earthquakes and volcanoes are primarily found

a)

at the mid-ocean ridge.

b)

in California

c)

along plate boundaries.

d)

along the equator.

30.

How does fossil evidence support Wegener’s hypothesis of continental drift?

a)

Similar fossils found on far apart landmasses suggest that the continents were once a single land mass.

b)

Fossil evidence suggests that the continents have always been in their current positions.

c)

No similarities exist between fossils on different continents.

d)

Plant and animal fossils show evidence of changes in earth’s polarity.

31.

Geological processes (like water or lava flowing) CAN change Earth's surface.

a)

True

b)

False

32.

Which of the following is the correct definition for Lithosphere?

a)

the rigid outer part of the Earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle

b)

the outermost region of the planet's atmosphere

c)

the Earth's layer of silicate rock between the crust and outer core

d)

the soft layer of the mantle on which tectonic plates move

33.

What is the soft layer of the mantle on which the tectonic plates move?

a)

Asthenosphere

b)

Mesosphere

c)

Lithosphere

d)

Hydrospere

34.

Temperature and density both __________ as you travel towards the center of the Earth.

a)

increases

b)

decreases

c)

stays the same

d)

increases, then cools at the center

35.

According to the theory of plate tectonics, on which layer of Earth do plates float?

a)

asthenosphere / mantle

b)

lithosphere / crust

c)

crust

d)

core

36.

. Clay is considered an ___________ because __________________.

a)

aquifer; water passes through it

b)

aquifer; water does not pass through it

c)

aquitard; water passes through it

d)

aquitard; water does not pass through it

37.

The moving plates of Earth's lithosphere cause all of the following except

a)

earthquakes.

b)

volcanoes.

c)

hurricanes.

d)

mountains.

38.

The deep interior of the Earth can be mapped using

a)

seismic waves.

b)

sonar.

c)

drilling samples.

d)

x-rays

39.

Most geologists think that the movement of Earth's plates is caused by

a)

a. gravity.

b)

b. Earth's magnetic field.

c)

c. convection currents

d)

d. Both A & B

e)

e. Both A & C

40.

The giant continent which was composed of all the land on Earth was called

a)

Pangaea.

b)

Panthalassa.

c)

Gondwana.

d)

Laurasia.

41.

A collision between two pieces of continental crust at a convergent boundary produces a

a)

mid-ocean ridge.

b)

deep-ocean trench.

c)

rift valley.

d)

mountain range.

42.

The geological theory that states that pieces of Earth's lithosphere are in constant, slow motion is the theory of

a)

subduction.

b)

plate tectonics.

c)

deep-ocean trenches.

d)

sea-floor spreading.

43.

Earthquakes and volcanoes are primarily found

a)

at the mid-ocean ridge.

b)

in California

c)

along plate boundaries.

d)

along the equator.

44.

Which of the following processes forms sediment?

a)

deposition

b)

weathering and erosion

c)

compaction

d)

cementation

45.

Which type of rock weathers to form sediment?

a)

igneous

b)

sedimentary

c)

metamorphic

d)

all rock types

46.

Limestone, under heat and pressure, forms marble. What type of rock is marble?

a)

igneous

b)

sedimentary

c)

metamorphic

d)

magma

47.

Which is the only type of rock produced from cooling?

a)

igneous

b)

sedimentary

c)

metamorphic

d)

magma

48.

If you were to discover a rock that appeared to have layers, what kind of rock would you suspect it to be?

a)

metamorphic

b)

igneous

c)

sedimentary

d)

lava

49.

How does fossil evidence support Wegener’s hypothesis of continental drift?

a)

Similar fossils found on far apart landmasses suggest that the continents were once a single land mass.

b)

Fossil evidence suggests that the continents have always been in their current positions.

c)

No similarities exist between fossils on different continents.

d)

Plant and animal fossils show evidence of changes in earth’s polarity.

50.

A divergent boundary is a boundary between two plates that __________.

a)

move away from each other

b)

converge

c)

slide along each other

d)

move toward each other

51.

How can Earth's plates move?

a)

They only can move toward each other.

b)

They only converge or diverge.

c)

They only collide or slide along each other.

d)

They can collide, pull apart, or slide against each other.

52.

Which occurs when one plate moves underneath another?

a)

shearing

b)

compression

c)

tension

d)

subduction

53.

What was Pangaea?

a)

the original name for North America

b)

a large, single landmass

c)

a layer of the Earth

d)

a geologic era

54.

What do scientists believe is the force behind the plate tectonics theory?

a)

convection currents

b)

gravity slab pull

c)

the movement of the planets

d)

the Sun's gravity

55.

Earthquakes are more likely to occur in __________.

a)

northern Russia

b)

western Africa

c)

western South America

d)

every location equally

56.

What is the difference between lava and magma?

a)

They originate from different places.

b)

They are made of different types of rock.

c)

After magma reaches the surface it's called lava.

d)

They are different colors.

57.

What do colliding plates have to do with volcanoes?

a)

Subduction causes rock to melt and become magma.

b)

Transform forces create a volcano.

c)

The plates that separate create a volcano.

d)

Colliding plates have nothing to do with volcanoes.

58.

Surface processes that work to break down rock are called__________.

a)

erosion

b)

weathering

c)

oxidation

d)

ice wedging

59.

Chemical weathering is more rapid in areas with __________.

a)

dry, warm air

b)

moist, warm air

c)

dry, cool air

d)

moist, cool air

60.

Physical weathering can result from the action of all of the following EXCEPT __________.

a)

ice

b)

burrowing by animals

c)

carbon dioxide

d)

plant roots

61.

What is erosion?

a)

a process that wears away surface material

b)

wind currents in the upper atmosphere

c)

ocean currents near the surface

d)

a process of mountain building

62.

What causes dunes to form?

a)

deposits from streams

b)

glacial deposits

c)

mountain building

d)

wind

63.

How is the motion of a tectonic plate described?

a)

relative to other tectonic plates

b)

relative to the center of the Earth

c)

relative to a point on the Earth's surface

d)

relative to the Earth's oceans

64.

What do convergent, divergent, and transform boundaries have in common?

a)

the same types of forces occur at each

b)

subduction of one plate occurs at all of them

c)

they are all places where two tectonic plates meet

d)

similar geological formations occur at all of them

65.

What type of boundary is shown here?

a)

divergent

b)

convergent

c)

transform

d)

convection

66.

What is the relationship between faults and plate boundaries?

a)

faults never occur at plate boundaries

b)

faults are the same as plate boundaries

c)

faults occur only at plate boundaries

d)

faults occur at plate boundaries and elsewhere

67.

What happens at a convergent boundary where no subduction occurs?

a)

tall mountains form

b)

a deep valley forms

c)

volcanoes form on both sides

d)

the ground remains level but rivers and other land features bend

68.

Which are more common near boundaries than in the middle of tectonic plates?

a)

earthquakes only

b)

volcanoes only

c)

both earthquakes and volcanoes

d)

neither earthquakes nor volcanoes

69.

Sediment can be any of the following EXCEPT which?

a)

clay

b)

ice

c)

sand

d)

rock fragments

70.
The type of plate boundary where two plates come together is a .....
a)
Convergent Boundary
b)
Divergent Boundary
c)
Transform Boundary
d)
Plate Boundary
71.
Which of the following causes Earth's tectonic plates to move?
a)
Energy from the Sun
b)
Magnetic Pole Reversal
c)
Convection currents in the mantle
d)
Faults in Mountain Ranges
72.
What type of event will occur at this boundary?
a)
Earthquake
b)
Volcano Eruption
c)
Tornado
d)
Mountain Building
73.
A divergent boundary occurs when plates ....
a)
Pull apart
b)
Come together
c)
Slide past each other
d)
subducting
74.
Oceanic Trenches are formed by _______ plate boundaries
a)
Convergent
b)
Transform
c)
Plate
d)
Divergent
75.
How is it possible for new crust to be formed without increasing the surface area of the Earth?
a)
Crust is destroyed at the same time it is created
b)
New crust is underwater where it sinks
c)
New crust breaks more easily than old crust
76.
Mountains are created when....
a)
Two continental plates collide
b)
Two oceanic plates pull apart
c)
An Oceanic plate subducts under a Continental Plate
d)
Two continental plates pull apart
77.
This layer of Earth is the thickest part
a)
crust
b)
outer core
c)
mantle
d)
inner core
78.
What are the two types of crust
a)
continental and oceanic
b)
ocean and upper
c)
lower and upper
d)
pizza and subway
79.
Which layer has convection currents?
a)
Inner Core
b)
Outer Core
c)
Mantle
d)
Crust
80.
subduction zones in the ocean can create which features?
a)
islands
b)
volcanoes
c)
earthquakes
d)
all of the above
81.
The Himalayas in Asia are an example of what type of plate boundary?
a)
divergent
b)
continent-to-continent convergent
c)
ocean-to-continent convergent
d)
transform
82.
When an oceanic plate and a continental plate collide, which one will subduct?
a)
oceanic
b)
continental
c)
neither
83.
The area where two tectonic plates meet.
a)
mantle
b)
focus
c)
plate boundary
d)
convection
84.
Which of these events can ONLY happen on a DIVERGENT BOUNDARY?
a)
Rift Valley
b)
Mountain
c)
A peninsula
d)
An Insanely complex, long answer that you will click out of instinct. 
85.
Scientists think that convection currents that move the plates flow in Earth's
a)
Continental crust
b)
Oceanic crust
c)
Asthenosphere
d)
Lithosphere
86.
As you travel from the inner core to the crust, how would temperature, pressure and density of the material change?
a)
They would all increase
b)
They would all decrease.
c)
They would stay the same.  
d)
Temperature would decrease, but pressure and density would increase. 
87.
The area around the pacific plate where boundaries form is called...
a)
death ring
b)
fire zone
c)
ring of fire
d)
zone of fire
88.
Which is true about hotter material in the mantle?
a)
more dense, sinks
b)
less dense, sinks
c)
less dense, rises
d)
more dense, rises
89.
Which of the following is where one plate slides under another plate?
a)
submarine zone
b)
divergence zone
c)
subduction zone
d)
lower zone
90.
Which ocean is expanding due to a mid-ocean ridge (divergent boundary)?
a)
Indian
b)
Dead Sea
c)
Atlantic
d)
Artic
91.
Who is known as the "Father of Continental Drift"?
a)
Harry Hess
b)
Abraham Ortelius
c)
Alfred Wegner
d)
John Tuzo Wilson
92.
What are the deepest places on Earth formed by pushing oceanic crust under continental crust?
a)
mid-ocean ridges
b)
rift valleys
c)
trenches
d)
mountain ranges
93.
Large pieces of Earth's lithosphere that move around are called?
a)
sections
b)
plates
c)
land masses
d)
faults
94.
Which piece of evidence was not used by Wegener to support his theory of continental drift?
a)
South America and Africa coastlines
b)
coal beds in Antarctica
c)
plant and reptile fossils
d)
earthquake patterns
95.
Most geologists rejected Alfred Wegener's idea of continental drift because...
a)
it did not agree with their current theory
b)
Wegener was interested in what Earth was like millions of years ago
c)
Wegener used several different types of evidence to support his hypothesis
d)
Wegener could not identify the force that moved the continents
96.
What is the correct order (starting from the surface) of Earth's layers?
a)
crust, outer core, inner core, mantle
b)
mantle, outer core, inner core, crust
c)
crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
d)
outer core, inner core, crust, mantle
97.
Which layer of Earth is the thinnest?
a)
crust
b)
mantle
c)
outer core
d)
inner core
98.

Which type of rock is formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava?

a)

Sedimentary rock

b)

Metamorphic rock

c)

Igneous rock

d)

Minerals

99.

Which type of rock is formed from the accumulation and compaction of sediments?

a)

Sedimentary rock

b)

Metamorphic rock

c)

Igneous rock

d)

Minerals

100.

Which type of rock is formed from the alteration of existing rocks due to heat and pressure?

a)

Sedimentary rock

b)

Metamorphic rock

c)

Igneous rock

d)

Minerals

101.

What is the process called when sediments are transported and moved by wind, water, or ice?

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

d)

Lithification

102.

Which type of rock is formed from the crystallization of minerals from a solution or melt?

a)

Sedimentary rock

b)

Metamorphic rock

c)

Igneous rock

d)

Minerals

103.

What is the process called when sediments are dropped or laid down in a new location?

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

d)

Lithification

104.

Which of the following is NOT a geological process?

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

d)

Photosynthesis

105.

Which of these describes a Divergent Plate boundary?

a)

When two plates move up and down

b)

When the plates are still

c)

When two plates come together

d)

When two plates push apart

106.

What is the inner core made of?

a)

Iron and penny

b)

Penny and nickel

c)

Iron and nickel

d)

Penny and obsidian

107.
The breaking down of rocks and other materials on the Earth's surface.
a)
Pangea
b)
sea-floor spreading
c)
chemical weathering
d)
physical weathering
108.
The breaking down of rocks and other materials on the Earth's surface.
a)
Weathering
b)
sea-floor spreading
c)
chemical weathering
d)
physical weathering
109.
Processes by which rock, sand, and soil are broken down and carried away
a)
Erosion
b)
Pangea
c)
sea-floor spreading
d)
chemical weathering
110.
small, solid pieces of material that come from rocks or living things
a)
sediment
b)
Weathering
c)
Pangea
d)
sea-floor spreading
111.
a type of rock that forms from the cooling of molten rock at or below the surface
a)
igneous rock
b)
sediment
c)
Erosion
d)
Weathering
112.
Sections of the Earth's crust that move due to convection currents.
a)
tectonic plates
b)
sedimentary rock
c)
igneous rock
d)
mineral
113.
a method of determining whether a fossil older or younger than other fossils
a)
relative dating
b)
convection current
c)
plate tectonics
d)
tectonic plates
114.
A record of the geologic events and life forms in Earth's history.
a)
geologic time scale
b)
relative dating
c)
Earth System
d)
convection current
115.
The process that breaks down rock through chemical changes
a)
chemical weathering
b)
geologic time scale
c)
absolute dating
d)
relative dating
116.
The process by which molten material adds new oceanic crust to the ocean floor
a)
sea-floor spreading
b)
physical weathering
c)
geologic time scale
d)
absolute dating
117.
Process in which sediment is laid down in new locations.
a)
Deposition
b)
absolute dating
c)
relative dating
d)
igneous rock
118.
Process in which sediment is laid down in new locations.
a)
Deposition
b)
absolute dating
c)
relative dating
d)
igneous rock
119.

The formation of new areas of oceanic crust, which occurs through the upwelling of magma at midocean ridges and its subsequent outward movement on either side is called

a)

Subduction

b)

Seafloor Spreading

c)

Divergent boundary

d)

Convergent boundary

120.

This is a model of sea floor spreading at a divergent boundary called a_________________________________

a)

Divergent boundary

b)

Transform boundary

c)

Mid Ocean Ridge

d)

Oceanic Crust

121.

What causes sea floor spreading?

a)

Convectional Currents

b)

Convection Currents

c)

Plates moving

d)

Divergent boundary and subduction

122.

Temperature and pressure _______ as you move towards the center of the Earth.

a)

decrease

b)

increase

c)

neither answer is correct.

d)

both increase and decrease

123.

Which of the following is the correct order of the Earth's layers moving inward to the center.

a)

Crust

Mantle

Inner Core

Outer Core

b)

Mantle

Outer Core

Inner Core

Crust

c)

Inner Core

Outer Core

Crust

Mantle

d)

Outer Core

Inner Core

Mantle

Crust

124.

The outer core is liquid.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

125.

Which layer of the Earth is the thickest?

a)

Inner core

b)

Outer core

c)

Mantle

d)

Crust

126.

A(n)  _____________ is the result of tectonic plates moving over a hot spot.

a)

plateau

b)


delta

c)

canyon

d)


island

127.


This is the name for the chain of volcanos around the edge of the Pacific Plate.

a)


Johnny Cash

b)

Death Valley

c)

Ring of Fire

d)

Circle of Ring

128.

Which of the choices below is NOT one of the three types of rocks?

a)


Indigenous

b)

Metamorphic

c)

Sedimentary

d)

Igneous

129.

In sea-floor spreading, molten material rises from the mantle and erupts

a)

at the north and south poles.

b)

along the edges of all the continents.

c)

in deep-ocean trenches.

d)

along mid-ocean ridges.

130.

The place where two plates come together is known as a

a)

divergent boundary.

b)

transform boundary.

c)

convergent boundary.

d)

rift valley.

131.

The process by which the ocean floor sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back into the mantle is known as

a)

subduction.

b)

convection.

c)

conduction.

d)

continental drift.

132.

Geologists obtain indirect evidence about Earth's interior by

a)

directly looking under the many layers.

b)

estimating temperature inside earth.

c)

measuring pressure differences at Earth's surface

d)

recording and studying seismic waves

133.

How did scientists discover that rocks farther away from the mid-ocean ridge were older than those near it?

a)

by measuring how fast sea-floor spreading occurs

b)

by mapping rocks on the sea floor using sonar

c)

by determining the age of rock samples obtained by drilling on the sea floor

d)

by observing eruptions of molten material on the sea floor

134.

Heat transfer within a fluid takes place through

a)

conduction

b)

radiation

c)

density

d)

convection currents

135.

A place where two plates slip past each other, moving in opposite directions, is known as a

a)

convergent boundary

b)

divergent boundary

c)

transform boundary

d)

rift valley

136.

When the heat source is removed from a fluid, convection in the fluid will

a)

eventually stop

b)

speed up

c)

change direction

d)

continue at the same rate forever

137.

Which type of evidence was not used by Alfred Wegener to support his continental drift hypothesis?

a)

evidence from fossils

b)

evidence from human remains

c)

evidence from landforms

d)

evidence from climate

138.

A boundary in which 2 plates move together

a)

convergent

b)

divergent

c)

transform

139.

A region where the rigid plates are moving apart (away from each other)

a)

Convergent

b)

Divergent

c)

Transform

140.

A boundary in which 2 plates slide past each other

a)

transform

b)

Divergent

c)

Convergent

141.

A fracture in Earth where movement has occurred

a)

rift valley

b)

fault

c)

volcano

142.

Deep faulted structure found at divergent plate boundaries

a)

rift valley

b)

fault

c)

mountain

143.

Process that forms new sea floor

a)

mid-ocean ridge

b)

continental drift

c)

sea-floor speading

144.

Place where sea floor is forced down into the mantle

a)

trench

b)

fault

c)

continental drift

145.

An underwater mountain range

a)

Appalachian

b)

Glacial deposits

c)

Mid-ocean ridge

146.

Clues that support the continental drift

a)

glacial deposits

b)

continental drift

c)

rocks, fossils and climate

147.

Movement of the continents

a)

sea-floor spreading

b)

continental drift

c)

mid-ocean ridge

148.

What type of boundary is this?

a)

convergent

b)

divergent

c)

transform

149.

What type of boundary is this?

a)

convergent

b)

transform

c)

divergent

150.

What type of boundary is this?

a)

convergent

b)

divergent

c)

transform

151.

Any trace of an ancient organism that has been preserved in rock is called a

a)

landform

b)

continent

c)

fossil

d)

landmass

152.

What are breaks in Earth's crust where rocks have slipped past each other?

a)

sea floor spreading

b)

subduction

c)

plates

d)

faults

153.

What is the process that continually adds new crust to the ocean floor along both sides of the mid-ocean ridge?

a)

subduction

b)

continental drift

c)

convergent

d)

sea floor spreading

154.

What is a plate boundary where two plates move toward each other?

a)

transform

b)

convergent

c)

divergent

155.

What type of landform is at C?

a)

mid-ocean ridge

b)

continental crust

c)

deep ocean trench

d)

sea floor spread

156.

In sea floor spreading, molten material rises from the mantle and erupts

a)

along the edge of the continents

b)

along the mid-ocean ridges

c)

in deep ocean trenches

d)

at the North and South pole

157.

Identify the landform labeled A

a)

mid-ocean ridge

b)

deep ocean trench

c)

sea floor spread

158.

What is the process by which the ocean floor sinks beneath a deep ocean trench and back into the mantle?

a)

continental drift

b)

mid-ocean ridge

c)

faults

d)

subduction

159.

What is Wegener's idea that continents are slowly moving over Earth's surface called?

a)

divergence

b)

faults

c)

plates

d)

continental drift

160.

Most geologists think that the movement of Earth's plates is caused by

a)

conduction

b)

earthquakes

c)

convection currents in the mantle

d)

Earth's magnetic field

161.

Geologic time is broken down according to :

a)

index fossils

b)

rock layers

c)

minerals

d)

continent layer

162.

The law of superposition states that :

a)

the oldest layer of rocks are on top

b)

the youngest layers of rock are on top

c)

the oldest rock in the middle

d)

the youngest rock is at the bottom

163.

The layer of earth we walk upon in the:

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

core

d)

inner core

164.

The layer of the earth where plates move apart is called:

a)

divergent plate boundaries

b)

convergent plate boundaries

c)

sub-ducting plate boundaries

d)

transform plate boundaries

165.

Which of these events breaks down rocks into smaller pieces?

a)

Sedimentation

b)

Deposition

c)

Weathering

d)

Erosion

166.

How are weathering and erosion the same?

a)

Both move sediment from one place to another.

b)

Both leave sediment in new places.

c)

Both change Earth's surface.

d)

Both leave sediment in new places.

167.

What are the parts of Earth's mantle?

a)

Inner core, asthenosphere, lithosphere

b)

Lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere

c)

Crust, lithosphere, asthenosphere

d)

Mesosphere, asthenosphere, troposphere

168.

What process uses rock layers and index fossils to determine an object's estimated age?

a)

Radioactive dating

b)

Law of superposition

c)

Relative dating

d)

Relative dating

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