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Rocks & Minerals Unit Review

Total questions: 167

Worksheet time: 3hrs 20mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
In order to be called a mineral, a substance must have which of the following?
a)
Definite chemical composition
b)
Cleavage
c)
Streak
d)
Luster
2.
Which of the following is NOT a property a mineral must have to be called a mineral
a)
Solid
b)
Inorganic
c)
Crystal structure
d)
Hardness
3.
When a mineral breaks along flat, even plains it is said to have the characteristic of
a)
Fracture
b)
Cleavage
c)
Streak
d)
Luster
4.
In order for a substance to be called a mineral, it must be inorganic.  What does this mean?
a)
Made up of once living organisms
b)
Breaks irregurlarly
c)
Not made up of once living organisms
5.
The color of a minerals powder is called its
a)
streak
b)
luster
c)
color
d)
crystal system
6.
Earthy, waxy, pearly, metallic, and glassy are all words used to describe a minerals
a)
streak
b)
luster
c)
color
d)
crystal system
7.
What is the hardest mineral on Earth?
a)
talc
b)
diamond
c)
ruby
d)
topaz
8.
Minerals sometimes have special properties.  Which of the following is NOT a special property a mineral may have. 
a)
Magnetism
b)
Fluorescence
c)
Smell
d)
Sound
9.
A mineral is
a)
a naturally occurring, inorganic, solid, that has a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition. 
b)
an inorganic, solid, that has a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition. 
c)
a naturally occurring, inorganic, solid, that has a definite chemical composition. 
d)
a naturally occurring, inorganic, solid, that has a crystal structure. 
10.
When you find mass per unit volume of a mineral, you are testing its
a)
Luster
b)
Streak
c)
Density
d)
Crystal structure
11.
In order to be called a mineral, a substance must have which of the following?
a)
Definite chemical composition
b)
Cleavage
c)
Streak
d)
Luster
12.
Which of the following is NOT a property a mineral must have to be called a mineral
a)
Solid
b)
Inorganic
c)
Crystal structure
d)
Hardness
13.
When a mineral breaks along flat, even plains it is said to have the characteristic of
a)
Fracture
b)
Cleavage
c)
Streak
d)
Luster
14.
When you find mass per unit volume of a mineral, you are testing its
a)
Luster
b)
Streak
c)
Density
d)
Crystal structure
15.
In order for a substance to be called a mineral, it must be inorganic.  What does this mean?
a)
Made up of once living organisms
b)
Breaks irregurlarly
c)
Not made up of once living organisms
16.
The color of a minerals powder is called its
a)
streak
b)
luster
c)
color
d)
crystal system
17.
Earthy, waxy, pearly, metallic, and glassy are all words used to describe a minerals
a)
streak
b)
luster
c)
color
d)
crystal system
18.
Minerals sometimes have special properties.  Which of the following is NOT a special property a mineral may have. 
a)
Magnetism
b)
Fluorescence
c)
Smell
d)
Sound
19.
What is the hardest mineral on Earth?
a)
talc
b)
diamond
c)
ruby
d)
topaz
20.
A mineral is
a)
a naturally occurring, inorganic, solid, that has a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition. 
b)
an inorganic, solid, that has a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition. 
c)
a naturally occurring, inorganic, solid, that has a definite chemical composition. 
d)
a naturally occurring, inorganic, solid, that has a crystal structure. 
21.

For a science experiment, a student rubs a mineral against a porcelain plate. The student has just performed

a)

an acid test.

b)

a streak test.

c)

a hardness test.

d)

a fracture test.

22.

Rocks are composed of different kinds of

a)

soils.

b)

sands.

c)

minerals.

d)

water crystals.

23.

Minerals can be identified according to their properties. Alan finds a mineral that is shiny. In which category does Alan's mineral belong?

a)

Cleavage

b)

Hardness

c)

Metallic

d)

Nonmetallic

24.

Which property is not a very good indicator in identifying a mineral?

a)

hardness

b)

color

c)

luster

d)

streak

25.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of minerals.

a)

organic

b)

solid

c)

definite crystal structure

d)

naturally formed

26.

Which is NOT a way to identify a mineral?

a)

Color

b)

Luster

c)

Boiling point

d)

Hardness

27.

The color of a mineral's powder

a)

hardness

b)

streak

c)

luster

d)

density

28.

The way a mineral's surface reflects light is called its

a)

streak

b)

color

c)

luster

d)

cleavage

29.

Which property is the most reliable way to identify minerals?

a)

streak

b)

fracture

c)

color

d)

hardness

30.

The property that refers to the way some minerals break along certain lines of weakness in their structure is

a)

luster

b)

cleavage

c)

streak

31.

Mr. Sanchez wanted to show his class an example of cleavage. Which mineral would he choose to show this property?

a)

Quartz

b)

Graphite

c)

Talc

d)

Mica

32.

How a mineral breaks apart when it does NOT split evenly is known as

a)

streak

b)

cleavage

c)

fracture

d)

luster

33.

Tyla is determining the hardness of a mineral sample. She is able to scratch the mineral with her fingernail. Where might this mineral be on the Mohs Hardness Scale?

a)

2

b)

5

c)

7

d)

10

34.

A scale ranking 10 minerals from softest to hardest

a)

Richter Scale

b)

Mohs Hardness Scale

c)

Fujita Scale

d)

Bathroom Scale

35.

What is the relationship between rocks and minerals?

a)

Rocks are made up of one or more types of minerals.

b)

Rocks and minerals are different names for the same thing.

c)

Rocks are on the surface of Earth and minerals are underground.

d)

Minerals are made up of one or more types of rocks.

36.

A naturally formed, inorganic solid with a crystalline structure

a)

rock

b)

clay

c)

mineral

d)

soil

37.

A mineral always contains certain elements in definite proportions. This is referring to its

a)

streak

b)

definite chemical composition

c)

luster

d)

inorganic structure

38.

The hardest mineral on the Mohs Hardness Scale is

a)

Talc

b)

Diamond

c)

Gypsum

d)

Fluorite

39.

How can minerals be identified?

a)

By their physical properties

b)

By their color, luster, and hardness

c)

By their form, streak, and cleavage

d)

All of the above

40.

Minerals are useful to only make jewelry.

a)

True

b)

False

41.
Which of the following must be true for a substance to be considered a mineral?
a)
It must be organic
b)
It must be glassy
c)
It must be a gem
d)
It must be naturally occurring
42.
If a mineral can scratch topaz what is it's hardness range?
a)
8 - 10
b)
7 - 1
c)
8
d)
unknown
43.
Which property of minerals does the photo represent?
a)
fracture
b)
streak
c)
habit
d)
cleavage
44.
Which mineral property is being shown here?
a)
luster
b)
hardness
c)
cleavage
d)
streak
45.
____________ is determined by scratching a mineral with other minerals.
a)
fracture
b)
hardness
c)
streak
d)
abrasion factor
46.
The tendency for a mineral to split along specific planes of weakness to form, smooth flat surfaces is called...
a)
Cleavage
b)
Fracture
c)
Crystallization
d)
Habit
47.
What is the scale that is used to indicate hardness of a mineral?
a)
Red Scale
b)
Moh's scale
c)
Einstein's Scale
d)
Fracture Scale
48.
______ is the way a mineral reflects light.
a)
Luster
b)
Streak
c)
Hardness
d)
Color
49.
A naturally formed, inorganic solid with a crystalline structure 
a)
density
b)
streak
c)
mineral
d)
non silicate mineral
50.
What is the hardest mineral on Earth?
a)
talc
b)
diamond
c)
ruby
d)
topaz
51.
what is the softest mineral?
a)
diamond
b)
talc
c)
graphite
d)
Corundum
52.
Dull, silky, waxy, pearly, and earthy are terms that best describe which property of minerals?
a)
luster
b)
color
c)
streak
d)
cleavage
53.
What does inorganic mean?
a)
Something that is living
b)
Something that is dead, but was once living
c)
Something that was never living
54.
The most obvious, but also least useful property when identifying minerals
a)
Streak
b)
Luster
c)
Cleavage
d)
Color
55.
How do you test the hardness of a mineral? 
a)
Throw it against a wall
b)
Step on it
c)
Scratch Test
d)
Kick it until it breaks
56.
How do you test the streak of a mineral? 
a)
By scraping some of the mineral onto a streak plate.
b)
Look for streaks on the mineral.
c)
Google it. 
d)
You don't. 
57.

The formula for density is ___________.

a)

D = M x V

b)

D = M + V

c)

D = M / V

d)

D = V / M

58.
Which of these minerals is softer than glass?
a)
Topaz 
b)
Corundum 
c)
Calcite 
d)
Orthoclase 
59.
Which of the following must be true for a substance to be considered a mineral?
a)
It must be organic
b)
It must be glassy
c)
It must be a gem
d)
It must be naturally occurring
60.
If a mineral can scratch topaz what is it's hardness range?
a)
8 - 10
b)
7 - 1
c)
8
d)
unknown
61.
Which property of minerals does the photo represent?
a)
fracture
b)
streak
c)
habit
d)
cleavage
62.
Which mineral property is being shown here?
a)
luster
b)
hardness
c)
cleavage
d)
streak
63.
____________ is determined by scratching a mineral with other minerals.
a)
fracture
b)
hardness
c)
streak
d)
abrasion factor
64.
The tendency for a mineral to split along specific planes of weakness to form, smooth flat surfaces is called...
a)
Cleavage
b)
Fracture
c)
Crystallization
d)
Habit
65.
What is the scale that is used to indicate hardness of a mineral?
a)
Red Scale
b)
Moh's scale
c)
Einstein's Scale
d)
Fracture Scale
66.
______ is the way a mineral reflects light.
a)
Luster
b)
Streak
c)
Hardness
d)
Color
67.
A naturally formed, inorganic solid with a crystalline structure 
a)
density
b)
streak
c)
mineral
d)
non silicate mineral
68.
What is the hardest mineral on Earth?
a)
talc
b)
diamond
c)
ruby
d)
topaz
69.
what is the softest mineral?
a)
diamond
b)
talc
c)
graphite
d)
Corundum
70.
Dull, silky, waxy, pearly, and earthy are terms that best describe which property of minerals?
a)
luster
b)
color
c)
streak
d)
cleavage
71.
What does inorganic mean?
a)
Something that is living
b)
Something that is dead, but was once living
c)
Something that was never living
72.
The most obvious, but also least useful property when identifying minerals
a)
Streak
b)
Luster
c)
Cleavage
d)
Color
73.
How do you test the hardness of a mineral? 
a)
Throw it against a wall
b)
Step on it
c)
Scratch Test
d)
Kick it until it breaks
74.
How do you test the streak of a mineral? 
a)
By scraping some of the mineral onto a streak plate.
b)
Look for streaks on the mineral.
c)
Google it. 
d)
You don't. 
75.

The formula for density is ___________.

a)

D = M x V

b)

D = M + V

c)

D = M / V

d)

D = V / M

76.
Which of these minerals is softer than glass?
a)
Topaz 
b)
Corundum 
c)
Calcite 
d)
Orthoclase 
77.
A rock formed from fragments of other rocks is a(n)
a)
Metamorphic Rock
b)
Sedimentary Rock
c)
Extrusive Rock
d)
Igneous Rock
78.
If heat and pressure inside the Earth cause a rock to melt, the material that formed would be
a)
Metamorphic
b)
Magma
c)
Sedimentary
d)
Igneous
79.
You find a rock in which the grains are arranged in parallel bands of white and black crystals.  The rock is probably a(n)
a)
Igneous rock
b)
Sedimentary rock
c)
Metamorphic rock
d)
Extrusive rock
80.
The three groups of rocks are classified by
a)
How they form
b)
Color
c)
Grain size
d)
Chemical Composition
81.
Fossils are only found in
a)
Sedimentary rocks
b)
Foliated Metamorphic rocks
c)
Igneous Rocks
d)
Nonfoliated Metamorphic rocks
82.
This rock was another type of rock that was heated and compressed over time. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
83.
This rock started as molten magma. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
84.
This rock was formed by smaller pieces of rock that settled at the bottom of a lake millions of years ago. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
85.
What are the 3 major types of rocks?
a)
Igneous, Metamorphic, Sedimentary
b)
Metamorphic, Igneous, Cementation
c)
magma, lava, crystals
86.
The process by which igneous rocks are formed...
a)
heat and pressure
b)
melting and cooling
c)
weathering and erosion
87.
The process by which metamorphic rocks are formed...
a)
heat and pressure
b)
erosion and deposition
c)
melting and cooling
88.
The name rock is given when it is broken down into smaller pieces.
a)
texture
b)
weathering
c)
sediment
d)
erosion
89.
The process when rocks break into smaller pieces due to exposure to natural elements is called
a)
erosion
b)
weathering
c)
sediments
90.
This rock formed when bits of other rocks became pressed into a solid. What type of rock is it?
a)
Sedimentary Rock
b)
Metamorphic Rock
c)
Igneous Rock
91.
Extreme Heat and Pressure creates a _________ rock.
a)
Igneous
b)
Metamorphic
c)
Sedimentary
d)
Mineral
92.

What changes rocks from one type to another?

a)

forces inside the Earth and at the surface

b)

nothing does they don't change

c)

forces inside the Earth

d)

Forces at the surface

93.

How does metamorphic rock change into sediments?

a)

Heat and Pressure

b)

Weathering and Erosion

c)

Melting

d)

Compaction and Cementation

94.

In order of sedimentary rock to form, which of the following must occur?

a)

Compaction

b)

Intrusion

c)

Oxidation

d)

Metamorphism

95.

This rock formed when bits of other rocks became pressed into a solid. What type of rock is it?

a)

Sedimentary Rock

b)

Igneous Rock

c)

Metamorphic Rock

96.

This rock was formed when molten rock cooled into a solid. What type of rock is it?

a)

Igneous Rock

b)

Sedimentary Rock

c)

Metamorphic Rock

97.

What are the 3 major types of rock?

a)

Igneous, Metamorphic, Sedimentary

b)

Brown, Red, Gray

c)

Metamorphic, Igneous, Cementation

d)

Streak, Hardness, Breakage

98.

This rock was formed by smaller pieces of rock that settled at the bottom of a lake millions of years ago. What type of rock is this?

a)

Sedimentary

b)

Igneous

c)

Metamorphic

99.

Which of the words below describe mud, sand, and tiny bits of rocks that cement together to form a type of rock?

a)

Stalagtites

b)

Metamorphs

c)

Magma

d)

Sediments

100.

What causes igneous rocks to form?

a)

Pressure

b)

Compaction

c)

Cooling Magma and Lava

d)

Cementation

101.

Metamorphic rocks were once...

a)

igneous rocks that cooled quickly

b)

seashells that pressed together

c)

sedimentary rocks that were changed by time, heat, and pressure

d)

layers of mud and sand that built up over time

102.

Rocks formed by heat and pressure beneath the Earth's surface are...

a)

Igneous

b)

Sedementary

c)

Metamorphic

d)

Magma

103.

A rock made of magma that cools inside the Earth and contains large crystals?

a)

Igneous

b)

Sedimentary

c)

Metamorphic

d)

Magma

104.

A rock that contains pieces of shells and fossils compacted and cemented together over time is...

a)

metamorphic

b)

sedimentary

c)

igneous

d)

sediments

105.

When heat and water and ice break down rock into sediments this is called?

a)

Erosion

b)

Weathering

c)

Compaction

d)

Deposition

106.

The rock that forms by heat and pressure deep under ground?

a)

Igneous

b)

Sedimentary

c)

Metamorphic

d)

Lava

107.

Which of the following describes the process of sediments being picked up and carried away by wind, moving water, or ice

a)

Erosion

b)

Weathering

c)

Deposition

d)

Compaction

108.

How does a metamorphic rock become a sedimentary rock?

a)

Heat, pressure, and radiation

b)

Weather, Erosion, Compaction and Cementation

c)

Melting, cooling, and evaporation

d)

Cooling of magma over time

109.

How can metamorphic rock become an igneous rock?

a)

Weather and Erosion

b)

Heat and Pressure

c)

Compaction and Cementation

d)

Melting and Cooling

110.

What numbers indicate melting and cooling?

a)

1,2,4

b)

6,7,11

c)

7,8,9

d)

4,5

111.

Letter C represents what rock type?

a)

Igneous

b)

Metamorphic

c)

Sedimentary

112.

Sedimentary rocks are represented by which letter?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

113.

Weathering and erosion can be represented by which numbers?

a)

2,4,7

b)

7,8,9,10

c)

1,5,6

d)

2,3,4

114.
Which type of rock is made by small bits of rock, mud, or sand compacted and cemented together?
a)
Coal
b)
igneous
c)
metamorphic
d)
sedimentary
115.

Which type of rock is made from lava or magma cooling?

a)

igneous

b)

sedimentary

c)

metamorphic

116.
Which type of rock is made from a rock being changed by heat and pressure?
a)
Smooshed Rock
b)
igneous
c)
metamorphic
d)
sedimentary
117.
Sediment goes through _________________ to become sedimentary rock.
a)
heat and pressure
b)
compacting and cementing
c)
weathering and erosion
d)
melting and cooling
118.
a rock that formed from layers of sediments
a)
metamorphic
b)
igneous
c)
sedimentary
d)
magma
119.

Fossils are found in ____________ rocks.

a)

metamorphic

b)

magma

c)

igneous

d)

sedimentary

120.
___________________ rock means FIRE and is formed from melted rock either from magma below Earth's crust or from lava above it
a)
sedmetary
b)
igneous
c)
metamorphic
d)
magma
121.

Which type of rock forms from heat and extreme pressure?

a)

Igneous

b)

Sedimentary

c)

Organic

d)

Metamorphic

122.
The three groups of rocks are classified by
a)
How they form
b)
Color
c)
Grain size
d)
Chemical Composition
123.
Sedimentary and igneous rocks go through _____________________________ to become metamorphic rocks.
a)
weathering and erosion
b)
heat and pressure
c)
compacting and cementing
d)
melting and cooling
124.
Each rock type can follow only one pathway of the rock cycle.
a)
True
b)
False
125.
True or False: Once a rock is sedimentary, it cannot become an igneous rock.
a)
True
b)
False
126.
The process by which igneous rocks are formed...
a)
heat and pressure
b)
melting and cooling
c)
weathering and erosion
127.
The name rock is given when it is broken down into smaller pieces.
a)
texture
b)
weathering
c)
sediment
d)
erosion
128.
The process in which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue sediment together.
a)
compaction
b)
deposition
c)
organic rock
d)
cementation
129.
A rock formed from fragments of other rocks is a(n)
a)
Metamorphic Rock
b)
Sedimentary Rock
c)
Extrusive Rock
d)
Igneous Rock
130.
If heat and pressure inside the Earth cause a rock to melt, the material that formed would be
a)
Metamorphic
b)
Magma
c)
Sedimentary
d)
Igneous
131.
As lava cools and crystallizes, what type of rock will form?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Metamorphic
c)
Extrusive Igneous
d)
Intrusive Igneous
132.
The three groups of rocks are classified by
a)
How they form
b)
Color
c)
Grain size
d)
Chemical Composition
133.
Fossils are only found in
a)
Sedimentary rocks
b)
Foliated Metamorphic rocks
c)
Igneous Rocks
d)
Nonfoliated Metamorphic rocks
134.

Which is the process that breaks up rock on Earth’s surface?

a)

deposition

b)

melting

c)

compaction

d)

weathering

135.

Geologists have classified rocks into three major groups of rocks which are:

a)

inorganic, organic and chemical rocks

b)

igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks

c)

metamorphic, chemical and non chemical rocks

d)

sedimentary, inorganic and igneous rocks

136.

Any rock that forms from another rock as a result of changes in heat or pressure (or both) is a:

a)

chemical rock

b)

igneous rock

c)

sedimentary rock

d)

metamorphic rock

137.

A rock that forms from many small fragments of other rocks is a(n)

a)

igneous rock

b)

metamorphic rock

c)

sedimentary rock

d)

extrusive rock

138.
This rock started as molten magma. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
139.
This rock was another type of rock that was heated and compressed over time. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
140.
This rock was formed by smaller pieces of rock that settled at the bottom of a lake millions of years ago. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
141.
The process when rocks break into smaller pieces due to exposure to natural elements is called
a)
erosion
b)
weathering
c)
sediments
142.
The process by which metamorphic rocks are formed...
a)
heat and pressure
b)
erosion and deposition
c)
melting and cooling
143.
The name rock is given when it is broken down into smaller pieces.
a)
texture
b)
weathering
c)
sediment
d)
erosion
144.

Which rock is formed form the cooling of volcanic ash on Earth's surface?

a)

intrusive igneous

b)

foliated metamorphic

c)

extrusive igneous

d)

organic sedimentary

145.

Rocks that form from colling magma inside Earth?

a)

Igneous intrusive

b)

Igneous extrusive

c)

Metamorphic foliated

d)

Metamorphic nonfoliated

146.
True/False: Igneous rocks can only turn into metamorphic rocks.
a)
True
b)
False
147.
the dropping of sediments in layers. 
a)
compaction
b)
deposition
c)
erosion
d)
weathering
148.
Wind and water have eroded this rock to show the layers of sediment that were laid down millions of years ago. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
149.

The types of rocks are?

a)

Sedimentary

b)

Sand

c)

Igneous

d)

Metamorphic

150.

Magma is under the ground and is above the ground.

(a)  

151.

What characteristics can be used to categorize rocks?

a)

size

b)

smell

c)

texture

d)

color

e)

taste

152.
What are the 3 main types of rocks?
a)
metamorphic, sedimentary, lava
b)
metamorphic, igneous, sedimentary
c)
metamorphic, magma, sedimentary
153.
The earth's outer layer is formed mostly of this type of rock.
a)
igneous
b)
metamorphic
c)
sediments
d)
sedimentary
154.

Igneous rocks form from weathered rock particles.

a)

true

b)

false

155.

The melted form of rocks underground it called?

a)

Lava

b)

Igneous rocks

c)

Magma

d)

Metamorphic rocks

156.

Which of the following statements is true about the rock cycle?

a)

Sedimentary rock can be changed only to metamorphic rock

b)

Any rock can be changed into any other type of rock

c)

Igneous rock can be changed to only sedimentary rock

157.
This rock is made from tiny pieces of other rocks that settled to the bottom of a valley millions of years ago. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
158.

Which type of rock are fossils found in?

a)

Igenous

b)

Sedimentary

c)

Metamorphic

159.
This rock started as molten magma. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
160.
What does this fossil of a leaf most likely show?
a)
The plant was eaten by an animal.
b)
The plant lived a long time ago.
c)
The plant died on a rock.
d)
The plant lived on rocky places.
161.

Any rock can turn into any other kind of rock.

a)

True

b)

False

162.

Which type of rock usually forms near places where sediment builds up?

a)

sedimentary

b)

metamorphic

c)

igneous

163.
Which type of rock is made by small bits of rock, mud, or sand compacted and cemented together?
a)
Coal
b)
igneous
c)
metamorphic
d)
sedimentary
164.

These Rocks are formed from Magma and Lava

a)

Metamorphic

b)

Igneous

c)

Sedimentary

165.

Metamorphic Rocks are formed by:

a)

Melting Igneous Rocks

b)

Cooling of Magma

c)

Weathering and Erosion

d)

Intense Heat and Pressure

166.

How would you define what a rock is?

4 lines
167.

What is one new thing new you learned about Rocks?

4 lines