WorksheetsH446 ocr revision quiz
Total questions: 71
Worksheet time: 47mins
What is the function of the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) in a CPU?
It manages the execution of instructions.
It stores data temporarily.
It processes and manipulates arithmetic operations and logical comparisons.
It synchronizes the clock speed of the processor.
What does the Program Counter (PC) do?
It stores the address of the next instruction to be executed.
It accumulates the results of arithmetic operations.
It decodes and synchronizes instructions.
It transfers data from the memory to the CPU.
Which register temporarily holds the data currently being processed by the central processor?
Memory Address Register (MAR)
Memory Data Register (MDR)
Accumulator
Current Instruction Register (CIR)
What is the role of the Current Instruction Register (CIR)?
It holds the address of the data being accessed.
It stores the results of arithmetic operations.
It stores the address of the next instruction being executed and decoded.
It synchronizes the clock speed of the processor.
The main purpose of the Control Bus within the computer architecture is (a) .
What is the significance of the clock speed in a CPU?
It determines the size of the cache.
It controls the rate at which instructions are executed.
It stores the results of arithmetic operations.
It carries control and status signals between different components of a computer.
What is the primary function of cache in a CPU?
It stores the address of the next instruction to be executed.
It carries data between the processor and the memory.
It provides extremely fast access to sections of a program and associated data.
It synchronizes the clock speed of the processor.
Which architecture allows for steps of an instruction sequence to be executed in turn by a sequence of cores?
Von Neumann Architecture
Harvard Architecture
Contemporary Architecture
Pipelining
What distinguishes Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) from Complex Instruction Set Computer (CISC)?
RISC relies on a complicated and expensive integrated circuit.
RISC provides no access to the instruction storage as data.
RISC produces a simple, cheap integrated circuit with a basic range of machine instructions.
RISC is a design that executes a few machine cycles.
What is the primary function of a GPU?
To process and store data in memory chips
To translate signals from the computer into a human-readable form
To rapidly manipulate and alter memory to accelerate the creation of images in a frame buffer
To organize memory into fixed-sized units called pages
Which of the following is a characteristic of RAM?
What is the purpose of ROM in a computer system?
Which operating systems are commonly supplied with the computer, according to the text?
What is the role of an Interrupt Service Routine (ISR)?
Match the following descriptions of computer system components with their correct roles.
It is a computer program that operates or controls a particular type of device that is attached to a computer.
Role of a device driver in a computer system.
It is the part of the operating system that handles the input and output of the computer.
Role of the Basic Input / Output System (BIOS) in a computer system.
It is a type of operating system designed to allow multiple users to log in and connect to it from different locations.
Role of a multi-user operating system in computing.
It is a program that translates a high-level language program into machine code.
Role of a compiler in programming.
A Multitasking OS is (a) .
What is the difference between Open Source and Closed Source software?
Open Source software is designed for real-time applications, while Closed Source is not.
Open Source software allows multiple users to log in and connect, whereas Closed Source software is used by a single user.
Open Source software code is freely available and may be redistributed and modified, while Closed Source software code is not shared with the public.
Closed Source software translates high-level language programs into machine code, unlike Open Source software.
What is the purpose of an Assembler in the context of programming?
It is a program that translates a high-level language program into machine code.
It is a program that translates a program written in assembly language into machine code.
It is a program that translates (assembles) a program written in source code language into a computer's machine code.
It is the stage in compilation of a program that puts each statement into the form best suited to the syntax analyser.
What is the purpose of a Linker as described in the image?
A program that copies an object program held on backing store into main store ready for execution.
Software tool that allows already compiled object code files or modules to be combined with the compiled program.
A collection of pre-compiled routines which can be incorporated into a program.
A language designed to help a programmer express a computer program in a way that reflects the problem that is being solved, rather than the details of how the computer will produce the solution.
Which of the following best describes a High Level Language according to the image?
A language which is related very closely to the computer's own machine code.
A set of all possible instructions made available by the hardware design of a particular processor.
A language designed to help a programmer express a computer program in a way that reflects the problem that is being solved, rather than the details of how the computer will produce the solution.
An instructional model of a computer, created by Dr. Stuart Madnick in 1965.
What is the Little Man Computer (LMC) as defined in the image?
A high level language in which program statements can be grouped in self-contained blocks called procedures and functions.
A set of all possible instructions made available by the hardware design of a particular processor.
An earlier abstract description of the systems lifecycle where each identified stage of development flows from the previous one and down to the next one.
An instructional model of a computer, created by Dr. Stuart Madnick in 1965.
According to the image, what is a Programming Paradigm?
A language designed to help a programmer express a computer program in a way that reflects the problem that is being solved.
The hardware design of a particular processor.
A style or way of programming, for example, Low-Level languages, High-Level languages, Declarative languages are all examples of different programming paradigms.
An instructional model of a computer.
What is the simplest method of addressing that is also the most common according to the text?
Indirect Addressing
Indexed Addressing
Direct Addressing
Immediate Addressing
What does Object Oriented Programming classify and encapsulate?
Real world behaviors
Real world objects
Data structures
Programming languages
Which class contains attributes and methods of the highest class and does not inherit from any other class?
Derived Class
Subclass
Base Class
Superclass
What is the process of creating an actual named instance of a class?
Overriding
Instantiation
Encapsulation
Inheritance
What is a method in a subclass or derived class which has the same name as a method in one or more of its superclasses?
Instantiation
Inheritance
Overriding
Encapsulation
What is the term for a compression scheme where there generally involves a loss of resolution in parts of the image where experiences show that it will be least noticed?
Lossy Compression
Lossless Compression
Length Encoding
Dictionary Coding
What type of encryption technique is described as "the oldest and best-known" in the text?
Asymmetric Encryption
Hashing
Symmetric Encryption
Public Key Encryption
What is the purpose of Asymmetric Encryption?
To allow the user to specify data attributes for only one table at a time
To change the content in a particular way, such as shifting each letter by a number of places in the alphabet
To create a relationship with repeating groups removed
To prevent simultaneous access to data in a database
What does a Flat File allow the user to do?
To specify data attributes for only one table at a time, storing those attributes independently
To encrypt messages for secure transmission
To arrange data in tables and setting their relationships to move them through normal forms
To prevent redundancy in database systems
What is a Primary Key?
A field that uniquely identifies a record in a table
A method of encryption involving using a pair of keys
A database with no normalisation
A language used to write and run database queries
What is Normalisation in the context of databases?
A technique of preventing simultaneous access to data in a database
The process of arranging data in tables and setting their relationships to move them through normal forms
A relationship that is in 1NF and every non-primary key attribute is fully dependant on the primary key
A measure of the consistency of the data in a database
What is the definition of Second Normal Form (2NF)?
A relationship with repeating groups removed
A relation that is in 1NF and every non-primary key attribute is fully dependant on the primary key
A relation that is in 1NF and 2NF, and in which no non-primary key attribute is transitively dependant on the primary key
A relation fully dependant on the primary key
What does ACID stand for in the context of databases?
Asymmetric, Consistency, Isolation, Durability
Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability
Atomicity, Consistency, Integration, Durability
Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Database
What is the primary purpose of a firewall in a computer network?
To establish a dedicated communications channel
To control the access of authorized users to data and isolate the system from external users
To save data on another station's local storage
To create interactive effects within web browsers
Match the following network types with their correct descriptions.
Large Area Network
A network covering a broad area (e.g., any telecommunications network that links across metropolitan, regional, or national boundaries) using leased telecommunication lines
Local Area Network
A network that connects computers within a limited area such as a residence, school, laboratory, or office building
Linked Area Network
A network that connects various devices using links
Longitudinal Area Network
A network that extends over a long distance in a straight line
Which of the following best describes packet switching?
A method of sending data over a wide area network in which the message is broken into a number of parts
A method of sending data over a wide area network in which the message is sent as a single uninterrupted stream
A method of sending data over a circuit and reassembling it at the destination
A method of sending data over a network that requires a dedicated communication channel
What is the function of CSS as described in the document?
It is a markup language developed for multimedia documents.
It is a programming language commonly used to create interactive effects within web browsers.
It is a definition of the formatting and layout of elements of an HTML document.
It is a method of collecting, parsing, and storing data to facilitate fast and accurate information retrieval.
What does the PageRank algorithm help determine?
The security level of a website
The speed of a website's server
How important the website is, based on the number and quality of links to it
The layout and design of a website
Which data type is used to store positive and negative whole numbers?
Real
Integer
String
Boolean
What is the base of the hexadecimal number system?
Which of the following is a logical operator that returns TRUE if both values being compared are TRUE?
AND
OR
XOR
NOT
What does the ASCII character set include?
Only letters and digits
Letters, digits, spaces, and punctuation marks
Only letters and punctuation marks
Only digits and special characters
The primary purpose of bitwise manipulation is (a) .
Which of the following shifts moves the bits held in a register to the left or the right, and fills the vacant space with the value from the opposite end?
Arithmetic shift
Logical shift
Circular shift
None of the above
What does the term "floating point" refer to in computer science?
A fixed number of significant digits
A method of storing text data
A way to represent real numbers with a trade-off between range and precision
A binary number system
What is the main difference between ASCII and UNICODE character sets?
ASCII uses 7-bit encoding, while UNICODE uses 16-bit
ASCII is used for arithmetic operations, while UNICODE is for text
ASCII can represent fewer characters than UNICODE
Both A and C
An array in computer programming is (a) .
What is another name for a record in the context of data structures?
Tuple
Stack
Queue
Hash Table
Which data structure is described as "a non-linear dynamic data structure where each data item has a pointer to the next item"?
Queue
Stack
LinkedList
Tree
In an undirected graph, does the order of the vertices in the pairs in the Edge set matter?
Yes, it matters.
No, it doesn't matter.
Only if the graph is weighted.
Only if the graph is complete.
Match the following descriptions of De Morgan's laws applications in Boolean algebra with their correct explanations.
To simplify Boolean expressions.
Application used for optimizing logical expressions.
To calculate the minimum number of physical logic gates needed.
Methodology for reducing hardware complexity in digital circuits.
To allow the removal of brackets from an expression and regrouping of the variables.
Technique for restructuring logical statements without changing their meaning.
To define the basic operations of Boolean algebra.
Foundational principle outlining the operations in Boolean systems.
What is the main advantage of using Karnaugh Maps?
To simplify Boolean algebra expressions by reducing the need for extensive calculations.
To define new record types.
To store data items in a non-linear fashion.
What is the purpose of a D Type Flip Flop in digital design?
It is used to add together two input variables.
It is a memory cell with two stable states.
It is a technique of code design where a solution is broken down into small self-contained chunks.
It is a rule of law in Boolean algebra.
What does the Data Protection Act 1998 protect individuals from?
Unreasonable use of their store personal data.
All possible combinations of inputs in a logic gate.
The powers of public bodies to carry out surveillance and investigation.
The creation of literary, dramatic, musical, and artistic works.
What is an example of a solution precondition in the context of programming?
A variable which can be used anywhere in the program.
A block of code which can evaluate a Boolean expression.
A condition which pre-exists the suggested solution.
A block of code (often a function) able to call itself.
Match the following descriptions with the correct characteristic of concurrent processing.
Repeating a selection of code a set number of times.
Characteristic of a loop structure in programming.
Evaluating a Boolean expression and branching the code.
Characteristic of conditional statements in programming.
Having more than one thing happening at the same time.
Characteristic of concurrent processing.
Breaking down a solution into small self-contained chunks.
Characteristic of modular programming.
What is modularity in the context of programming?
A variable which is defined and can only be used within one part of the program.
A technique of code design where a solution is broken down into a number of small self-contained chunks.
A block of code which can be repeated either a set number of times or a variable number of times.
A block of code which can evaluate a Boolean expression and then branch the code to one or more alternatives.
What does a function in a program do?
It performs a specific task and returns a value.
It only performs calculations without returning any value.
It is used to store data.
It is a graphical element in software design.
What is the difference between passing a parameter by value and by reference?
By value passes a copy of the data, by reference passes the actual data.
By value passes the actual data, by reference passes a copy of the data.
By value is used in debugging, by reference is used in data mining.
There is no difference; both methods do the same thing.
What is the purpose of an Integrated Development Environment (IDE)?
To perform software design and implementation in a single integrated system.
To provide a platform for data mining.
To define the parameters for functions and procedures.
To decompose problems into smaller parts.
What is problem decomposition?
The process of fixing bugs in a program.
The process of breaking down a complex problem into parts that are easier to understand and maintain.
The method of performing calculations faster.
The algorithm for finding a complete solution to computational problems.
What is backtracking in the context of computational problems?
A data mining technique.
A method for sorting data.
An algorithm that incrementally builds to a solution and abandons each partial success as soon as it determines that the partial solution cannot be completed to a valid solution.
A set of rules derived from experience rather than logic.
What is the Big O notation used for in computer science?
To describe the execution time required or the space used by an algorithm.
To describe the number of functions in a program.
To visualize data in a visual representation.
To build graphical elements in software design.
Which sorting algorithm is described as inefficient when sorting large amounts of data as the time taken is related to the square of the number of items?
Insertion Sort
Merge Sort
Quick Sort
Bubble Sort
What is the basic idea of the merge sort algorithm?
It involves examining each entry in turn until the target is found.
It divides the sequence into two sub-lists around an element called the pivot.
It involves creating a binary tree of all elements.
It divides the sequence into two sub-lists and recursively sorts the sub-lists.
What does Dijkstra's Shortest Path algorithm solve?
The single-source shortest path problem for a graph with non-negative edge path costs.
The process of plotting an efficiently traversable path between nodes called nodes.
The sorting of elements in a sequence based on a pivot element.
The search for a target record in a file by examining each entry in turn.
What is the A* Algorithm widely used for?
Sorting elements in a sequence.
Finding the shortest path in a graph with negative edge path costs.
Pathfinding and graph traversal by plotting an efficiently traversable path.
Searching for a target record in a file using a binary search method.
How does a binary search determine the location of a target record?
By examining each entry in turn until the target is found or the end of the file is reached.
By dividing the sequence into two sub-lists and choosing the pivot element.
By accessing the middle record in the file and determining if the target record is before or after in the sequence.
By plotting an efficiently traversable path between nodes called nodes.
When is a linear search particularly useful?
When the file is in some useful order and a serial search is needed.
When the file is unsorted and a binary search is needed.
When the file is sorted and a binary search is needed.
When the file is in random order and a merge sort is needed.
