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WorksheetsIV-B
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 26mins
These are naturally occuring solid aggregates or masses of minerals, mineraloids, or organic material that make up the Earth's crust.
Rockoids
________ are inorganic and have an internal structure and chemical composition.
This type of rock makes up a large part of the Earth's crust and form 12% of the Earth's land surface. Some examples of this rocks are gneiss, slate, marble, schist, and quartzite.
Metamorphism is the change of minerals or geologic texture in pre-existing rocks or parent rock called ______.
metamorphosia
protolith
sedimentary rocks
Which of the following are evidences of metamorphism?
yes
Differential pressure
Flattened pebbles
yes
yes
Which of the following are parent rocks to metamorphic?
Quartzite -> Sandstone
Shale -> Slate
Limestone -> Marble
Molten lava -> Obsidian
Gravel -> Sand
This type of metamorphic rock is formed when a rock with flat or elongated materials is put under immense pressure in which the minerals line up in layers as a result.
Sedimentary Rock
Metamorphic rock
Foliated Metamorphic rock
Non-foliated metamorphic rock
Is the aligning of elongated or platy materials, perpendicular to the direction of pressure that is applied
Foliation
Pressurization
Elongation
Elongated Tusk
This type of metamorphic rock does not contain the materials that tend to line up under pressure, thus the rock does not have a layered appearance
In metamorphic environments, magma and friction make _______, while collisions and gravity produce ________
heat, pressure
pressure, heat
foliation, non-foliation
a negative feedback loop, a positive feedback loop
Is a solid in which the atoms are arranged in geometric patterns that are repeated again and again
ice
obsidian
sedimentary rocks
crystals
What causes the rock cycle?
Weathering
Plate tectonic activity
Emotional processes
Erosional processes
It is the process that describes the gradual transformation between the three main types of rocks.
It is the precipitation of minerals within a sediment as it is being formed. It comes from watery solutions percolating through pore spaces in the sediment.
Authigenesis
In this process, the particles of sediment are forced closer together by the weight of sediment building up above them.
It is the process of authigenic minerals filling pore spaces which cements the particles of sediment together
Cementation
Choose the one with the correct categorization of sedimentary rocks
Clastic - sandstone
Organic - limestone
Chemical - coal
Clastic - limestone
Organic - sandstone
Chemical - coal
Clastic - limestone
Organic - coal
Chemical -sandstone
Clastic - sandstone
Organic - coal
Chemical - limestone
This type of sedimentary rock forms from particles eroded from rocks on land, in which the rocks undergo weathering into smal fragmenets and are eroded and transpoted to a new location.
Metamorphic
Clastic
Organic
Chemical
What are the clastic rock textures from smoothest to roughest
a
fine-grained, medium-grained, coarse-grained
a
a
How does coal form?
How does limestone form?
Limestone forms from the remains of plants that undergo burial, pressure, and heat over millions of years.
Limestone forms from the aftermath of a volcanic eruption from a cindercone volcano
Limestone forms from meteorite impacts
Limestone forms from the shells of marine organisms that are rich in calcium carbonate
It is a white powdery limestone that forms from the shells of microorganisms
Chalk
It is a cemented mass of shelly debris.
This type of rock is formed when a chemical that is dissolved in a solution, usually water, evaporates and leaves the compound behind. These dissolved materials are precipitated, like salt at the sea surface that evaporated
organic sedimentary rock
chemical sedimentary rock
biological sedimentary rock
clastic sedimentary rock
This type of metamorphism occurs when molten magma invades and bakes older rocks
What is the correct order of the rock cycle?
I. Magma that has risen, cooled, and crystallized forms igneous rocks (this happens via volcanic eruptions)
II. Sediments are subjected to compaction and cementation and form layers of sedimentary rock. This process is called lithification
III. The process starts with magma, which is a hot molten liquid rock
IV. Igneous rocks are subjected to erosion, transport, and deposition and this forms layered sediments
V. Sedimentary and igneous rocks are then subjected to great heat and pressure which forms metamorphic rocks
VI. The metamorphic rocks that melt inside the Earth's interior revert to magma
In extremely simple terms
What are the steps of the rock cycle in the correct order
I. Sediments are formed
II. Metamorphic rocks are formed
III. Magma
IV. Igneous rocks are formed
V. Sedimentary rocks are formed
VI. Magma is formed by melting metamorphic rocks
III, IV, I, V, II, VI
This type of rock is formed when molten hot material cools and solidifies
What is the difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks?
What are mafic and silicic igneous rocks?
It is the process of rocks being constantly broken down by wind and water over a long time
It is the carrying away of broken rocks by rain, streams, rivers, and oceans to a distant place from their origin.
Transportation
What is the difference between sedimentation, lithification, and deposition?
- Sedimentation is the settling of particles
- Deposition is the addition of sediments to a landform, and
- Lithification is the process of sediments turning into solid rock.
- Sedimentation is the addition of sediments to a landform,
- Deposition is the process of sediments turning into solid rock,
- Lithification is the settling of particles.
- Sedimentation is the process of rocks breaking down,
- Deposition is the settling of particles,
- Lithification is the erosion of sediments.
- Sedimentation is the process of sediments turning into solid rock,
- Deposition is the settling of particles,
- Lithification is the addition of sediments to a landform.
What is the difference between sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous rocks?
Why is understanding the rock cycle important?
the process in which sediments compact under pressure, expel connate fluids, and gradually become solid rock.
Diagenesis
refers to the physical and chemical processes that affect sedimentary materials after deposition and before metamorphism and between deposition and weathering.
Lithification
It is generally true that igneous rocks
contain primarily evaporites.
can be scratched with a penny.
normally contain fossils.
are composed of silicate minerals.
Relative cooling rates of igneous intrusive rocks
can be estimated by comparing rocks’
crystal sizes.
composition.
density.
chemical reactivity.
Of the following, the rock that is most resistant to both chemical and
mechanical weathering is:
shale
limestone
marble
quartzite
Which of the following pairs contains one igneous and one sedimentary rock?
shale and marble
sandstone and quartzite
granite and limestone
obsidian and gneiss
An example of a rock whose minerals have been crushed into thin
sheets or bands is:
schist
shale
conglomerate
granite
Rocks are classified depending upon how they are formed. In which
class would slate be found?
metamorphic
sedimentary
chemical
igneous
Which of the following is an igneous rock?
granite
shale
coal
slate
The black sand of the Hawaiian Islands is composed of which of the following?
clue: there are many volcano is hawaiian island
dark limestone
quartz
gypsum
basalt
What are the two types of lava based on texture?
Pahoehoe and Aa
Intrusive and Extrusive
Jujitshu and Denken
Monoscopic and Horoscopic
Molten rock beneath the Earth's crust is called:
An igneous rock that is commonly black, has a glassy texture, and can be extremely sharp on the edges
A material that appears in all 3 types of rocks and is commonly referred to as "Fool's Gold"
Copper
Yellowstone
Pyrite
a relatively soft, porous rock that is usually formed by the compaction and cementation of volcanic ash or dust
(clue: its in minecraft) (clue: 3 of the choices are in minecraft 🗿)
