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IV-B

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 26mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

These are naturally occuring solid aggregates or masses of minerals, mineraloids, or organic material that make up the Earth's crust.

a)
Stones
b)
Rocks
c)

Rockoids

d)
Boulders
2.

________ are inorganic and have an internal structure and chemical composition.

a)
Rocks
b)
Plants
c)
Animals
d)
Minerals
3.

This type of rock makes up a large part of the Earth's crust and form 12% of the Earth's land surface. Some examples of this rocks are gneiss, slate, marble, schist, and quartzite.

a)
metamorphic rocks
b)
volcanic rocks
c)
sedimentary rocks
d)
igneous rocks
4.

Metamorphism is the change of minerals or geologic texture in pre-existing rocks or parent rock called ______.

a)
transformation
b)

metamorphosia

c)

protolith

d)

sedimentary rocks

5.

Which of the following are evidences of metamorphism?

a)

yes

b)

Differential pressure

c)

Flattened pebbles

d)

yes

e)

yes

6.

Which of the following are parent rocks to metamorphic?

a)

Quartzite -> Sandstone

b)

Shale -> Slate

c)

Limestone -> Marble

d)

Molten lava -> Obsidian

e)

Gravel -> Sand

7.

This type of metamorphic rock is formed when a rock with flat or elongated materials is put under immense pressure in which the minerals line up in layers as a result.

a)

Sedimentary Rock

b)

Metamorphic rock

c)

Foliated Metamorphic rock

d)

Non-foliated metamorphic rock

8.

Is the aligning of elongated or platy materials, perpendicular to the direction of pressure that is applied

a)

Foliation

b)

Pressurization

c)

Elongation

d)

Elongated Tusk

9.

This type of metamorphic rock does not contain the materials that tend to line up under pressure, thus the rock does not have a layered appearance

a)
non-foliated metamorphic rock
b)
stratified metamorphic rock
c)
banded metamorphic rock
d)
layered metamorphic rock
10.

In metamorphic environments, magma and friction make _______, while collisions and gravity produce ________

a)

heat, pressure

b)

pressure, heat

c)

foliation, non-foliation

d)

a negative feedback loop, a positive feedback loop

11.

Is a solid in which the atoms are arranged in geometric patterns that are repeated again and again

a)

ice

b)

obsidian

c)

sedimentary rocks

d)

crystals

12.

What causes the rock cycle?

a)

Weathering

b)

Plate tectonic activity

c)

Emotional processes

d)

Erosional processes

13.

It is the process that describes the gradual transformation between the three main types of rocks.

a)
Stone cycle
b)
Rock cycle
c)
Pebble process
d)
Rock transformation
14.

It is the precipitation of minerals within a sediment as it is being formed. It comes from watery solutions percolating through pore spaces in the sediment.

a)

Authigenesis

b)
Sedimentation
c)
Weathering
d)
Cementation
15.

In this process, the particles of sediment are forced closer together by the weight of sediment building up above them.

a)
Deposition
b)
Weathering
c)
Dissolution
d)
Compaction
e)
Erosion
16.

It is the process of authigenic minerals filling pore spaces which cements the particles of sediment together

a)
Volcanism
b)
Lithification
c)

Cementation

d)
Weathering
e)
Erosion
17.

Choose the one with the correct categorization of sedimentary rocks

a)

Clastic - sandstone
Organic - limestone
Chemical - coal

b)

Clastic - limestone
Organic - sandstone
Chemical - coal

c)

Clastic - limestone
Organic - coal
Chemical -sandstone

d)

Clastic - sandstone
Organic - coal
Chemical - limestone

18.

This type of sedimentary rock forms from particles eroded from rocks on land, in which the rocks undergo weathering into smal fragmenets and are eroded and transpoted to a new location.

a)

Metamorphic

b)

Clastic

c)

Organic

d)

Chemical

19.

What are the clastic rock textures from smoothest to roughest

a)

a

b)

fine-grained, medium-grained, coarse-grained

c)

a

d)

a

20.

How does coal form?

a)
Coal forms from the remains of plants that undergo burial, pressure, and heat over millions of years.
b)
Coal forms from the remains of marine animals
c)
Coal forms from volcanic eruptions
d)
Coal forms from meteorite impacts
21.

How does limestone form?

a)

Limestone forms from the remains of plants that undergo burial, pressure, and heat over millions of years.

b)

Limestone forms from the aftermath of a volcanic eruption from a cindercone volcano

c)

Limestone forms from meteorite impacts

d)

Limestone forms from the shells of marine organisms that are rich in calcium carbonate

22.

It is a white powdery limestone that forms from the shells of microorganisms

a)
Sandstone
b)
Granite
c)
Marble
d)

Chalk

23.

It is a cemented mass of shelly debris.

a)
Sandstone
b)
Limestone
c)
Granite
d)
Coquina
24.

This type of rock is formed when a chemical that is dissolved in a solution, usually water, evaporates and leaves the compound behind. These dissolved materials are precipitated, like salt at the sea surface that evaporated

a)

organic sedimentary rock

b)

chemical sedimentary rock

c)

biological sedimentary rock

d)

clastic sedimentary rock

25.

This type of metamorphism occurs when molten magma invades and bakes older rocks

a)
Contact Metamorphism
b)
Dynamic Metamorphism
c)
Volcanic Metamorphism
d)
Hydrothermal Metamorphism
e)
Regional Metamorphism
26.

What is the correct order of the rock cycle?
I. Magma that has risen, cooled, and crystallized forms igneous rocks (this happens via volcanic eruptions)

II. Sediments are subjected to compaction and cementation and form layers of sedimentary rock. This process is called lithification

III. The process starts with magma, which is a hot molten liquid rock

IV. Igneous rocks are subjected to erosion, transport, and deposition and this forms layered sediments

V. Sedimentary and igneous rocks are then subjected to great heat and pressure which forms metamorphic rocks

VI. The metamorphic rocks that melt inside the Earth's interior revert to magma

a)
III, I, II, IV, V, VI
b)
III, I, IV, II, V, VI
c)
II, I, IV, III, V, VI
d)
III, II, IV, I, V, VI
27.

In extremely simple terms
What are the steps of the rock cycle in the correct order

I. Sediments are formed

II. Metamorphic rocks are formed
III. Magma
IV. Igneous rocks are formed
V. Sedimentary rocks are formed
VI. Magma is formed by melting metamorphic rocks

a)
I, III, IV, V, II, VI
b)
V, IV, I, III, II, VI
c)
III, IV, V, I, II, VI
d)
IV, V, I, III, II, VI
e)

III, IV, I, V, II, VI

28.

This type of rock is formed when molten hot material cools and solidifies

a)
Sedimentary rock
b)
Metamorphic rock
c)
Volcanic rock
d)
Igneous rock
29.

What is the difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks?

a)
Intrusive rocks are formed by volcanic eruptions, while extrusive rocks are formed by tectonic plate movements.
b)
Intrusive rocks have a fine-grained texture, while extrusive rocks have a coarse-grained texture.
c)
Intrusive rocks are found on the Earth's surface, while extrusive rocks are found below the surface.
d)
The main difference is that intrusive rocks form below the surface, while extrusive rocks form on the surface.
e)
Intrusive rocks are primarily composed of sedimentary materials, while extrusive rocks are primarily composed of metamorphic materials.
30.

What are mafic and silicic igneous rocks?

a)
Silicic igneous rocks are dark-colored rocks with high iron and magnesium content, such as basalt and gabbro.
b)
Mafic igneous rocks are light-colored rocks with high silica content, such as rhyolite and granite.
c)
Mafic igneous rocks are dark-colored rocks with high iron and magnesium content, such as basalt and gabbro. Silicic igneous rocks are light-colored rocks with high silica content, such as rhyolite and granite.
d)
Felsic igneous rocks are dark-colored rocks with high iron and magnesium content, such as basalt and gabbro.
31.

It is the process of rocks being constantly broken down by wind and water over a long time

a)
Weathering
b)
Volcanism
c)
Deposition
d)
Erosion
32.

It is the carrying away of broken rocks by rain, streams, rivers, and oceans to a distant place from their origin.

a)
Weathering
b)
Deposition
c)
Volcanism
d)

Transportation

33.

What is the difference between sedimentation, lithification, and deposition?

a)
  • - Sedimentation is the settling of particles
    - Deposition is the addition of sediments to a landform, and
    - Lithification is the process of sediments turning into solid rock.

b)
  • - Sedimentation is the addition of sediments to a landform,
    - Deposition is the process of sediments turning into solid rock,
    - Lithification is the settling of particles.

c)
  • - Sedimentation is the process of rocks breaking down,
    - Deposition is the settling of particles,
    - Lithification is the erosion of sediments.

d)
  • - Sedimentation is the process of sediments turning into solid rock,
    - Deposition is the settling of particles,
    - Lithification is the addition of sediments to a landform.

e)
Sedimentation is the settling of particles, deposition is the process of rocks breaking down, and lithification is the erosion of sediments.
34.

What is the difference between sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous rocks?

a)
Igneous rocks are formed from weathering and erosion
b)
Metamorphic rocks are formed from cooling magma
c)
Sedimentary rocks are formed from volcanic eruptions
d)
Sedimentary rocks are formed from sediments, metamorphic rocks are formed from existing rocks under heat and pressure, and igneous rocks are formed from magma or lava.
35.

Why is understanding the rock cycle important?

a)
Understanding the rock cycle is only important for scientists.
b)
The rock cycle has no impact on Earth's geological processes.
c)
Understanding the rock cycle is crucial for understanding Earth's geological processes.
d)
It is irrelevant to learn about the rock cycle.
36.

the process in which sediments compact under pressure, expel connate fluids, and gradually become solid rock.

a)

Diagenesis

b)
Evaporation
c)
Erosion
d)
Lithification
37.

refers to the physical and chemical processes that affect sedimentary materials after deposition and before metamorphism and between deposition and weathering.

a)
Diagenesis
b)
Erosion
c)
Tectonism
d)

Lithification

38.

It is generally true that igneous rocks

a)

contain primarily evaporites.

b)

can be scratched with a penny.

c)

normally contain fossils.

d)

are composed of silicate minerals.

39.

Relative cooling rates of igneous intrusive rocks

can be estimated by comparing rocks’

a)

crystal sizes.

b)

composition.

c)

density.

d)

chemical reactivity.

40.

Of the following, the rock that is most resistant to both chemical and

mechanical weathering is:

a)

shale

b)

limestone

c)

marble

d)

quartzite

41.

Which of the following pairs contains one igneous and one sedimentary rock?

a)

shale and marble

b)

sandstone and quartzite

c)

granite and limestone

d)

obsidian and gneiss

42.

An example of a rock whose minerals have been crushed into thin

sheets or bands is:

a)

schist

b)

shale

c)

conglomerate

d)

granite

43.

Rocks are classified depending upon how they are formed. In which

class would slate be found?

a)

metamorphic

b)

sedimentary

c)

chemical

d)

igneous

44.

Which of the following is an igneous rock?

a)

granite

b)

shale

c)

coal

d)

slate

45.

The black sand of the Hawaiian Islands is composed of which of the following?
clue: there are many volcano is hawaiian island

a)

dark limestone

b)

quartz

c)

gypsum

d)

basalt

46.

What are the two types of lava based on texture?

a)

Pahoehoe and Aa

b)

Intrusive and Extrusive

c)

Jujitshu and Denken

d)

Monoscopic and Horoscopic

47.

Molten rock beneath the Earth's crust is called:

a)
lava
b)
magma
c)
igneous rock
d)
volcano
48.

An igneous rock that is commonly black, has a glassy texture, and can be extremely sharp on the edges

a)
Pumice
b)
Basalt
c)
Obsidian
d)
Granite
49.

A material that appears in all 3 types of rocks and is commonly referred to as "Fool's Gold"

a)
Goldstone
b)

Copper

c)

Yellowstone

d)

Pyrite

50.

a relatively soft, porous rock that is usually formed by the compaction and cementation of volcanic ash or dust
(clue: its in minecraft) (clue: 3 of the choices are in minecraft 🗿)

a)
tuff
b)
granite
c)
marble
d)
slate