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WorksheetsGeology Part 2 Study Guide: Plate Tectonics, Energy and Hazards
Total questions: 111
Worksheet time: 15hrs 10mins
What causes mountains to form?
________ ______ is a long chains or groups of mountains.
Deep Ocean Trench
Mountain Ranges
Topographic Map
A long, narrow groove or ditch.
landform
canyon
remotely
trench
What is this area known as
Earthquake Epicenter
Ring of Fire
San Andres Fault
What causes earthquakes?
Millions of people jumping at once
The earth rotating
The movement of tectonic plates
Gravity
The crust is broken into many peices called ...
plates
ashes
countries
boundries
A rock that forms from bits of weathered rock
Rock
Igneous rock
Sedimentary rock
Metamorphic rock
Choose the rock below that is most likely a sedimentary rock.
A fourth grade class observes rocks. One sample is found in layers and feels rough and grainy. Which category does this sample best fit?
sedimentary rock
igneous rock
metamorphic rock
mineral
Obsidian, granite, and basalt are rocks formed form molten rock that has cooled. What kind of rocks are they?
sedimentary
fossils
igneous
metamorphic
__________ is an energy resource that WILL NOT run out in the next several hundred years.
Renewable Energy Resource
Non-Renewable Energy Resource
Which of the following is a renewable resource?
Oil
Solar
Coal
Natural Gas
Coal and oil are?
Non-Renewable energy resources
Renewable energy resources
None of the above
What are the 3 fossil fuels?
coal, oil, uranium
coal, hydroelectric, oil
natural gas, oil, coal
Fossil Fuels are
pieces of rock that have been compacted many times
rock that contains 50% plant and animal remains
metamorphic rock
fuels that form from the remains of plant and other organisms that were buried and altered over million of years
Which of the following is a renewable resource?
Oil
Solar
Coal
Natural Gas
Which of the following is a non-renewable resource?
Water
Sun
Coal
Win
Coal is a __________ energy resource.
Renewable
Non-renewable
Hyrdo Power is a __________ energy resource.
Renewable
Non-renewable
A resource is considered renewable if it can be replenished or replaced within a human lifetime.
(a)
Which of these is classified as a renewable resource?
wind and water and plants
Fossil fuels are classified as nonrenewable resources because they -
What does renewable mean?
What does nonrenewable mean?
Nonrenewable means a resource that took millions of years to form and is not replaced quickly.
Look at the pictures. Are they examples of renewable or nonrenewable resources?
renewable
non-renewable
What type of power plant uses the potential energy of water trapped behind a dam?
nuclear power plant
hydroelectric power plant
solar station
coal burning power plant
Our main reason to use renewable resources are
Cheap
Expensive
Convenient
Clean
Limitless supply
Our main reasons why we don't use renewable resources are
Cheap
Expensive
Convenient
Clean
Inconvenient
Which of the following is a major cause of air pollution?
burning fossil fuel
dumping waste in landfills
using wind and solar energy
releasing waste into rivers, lakes, streams...
Which of the following resources WILL eventually run out?
natural resources
renewable resources
nonrenewable resources
What are earthquakes?
The shaking that results from the movement of rock beneath Earth's surface
Masses of earth sliding down cliffs or mountains
A rotating column of air causing mass destruction
A gigantic wave
Which of these is the best material to use if building a house near a volcano?
metal
stone
foam
wood
Which of these natural disasters can humans prevent or eliminate?
volcanoes
earthquakes
tsunamis
humans cannot prevent natural disasters
Volcanoes and earthquakes tend to occur near what?
mountains
islands
plate boundaries
fault lines
Which natural disaster causes most of its damage due to shaking?
volcanoes
tsunamis
hurricanes
earthquakes
Earthquakes can cause damage to buildings built by humans. At the present time, the solution that science can provide to this problem is that humans can–
design buildings that will be damaged less by an earthquake
stop an earthquake from happening before it occurs
reduce the strength of the very strongest earthquakes
predict the exact time and location of all earthquakes
________________________ can cause sudden or gradual changes to Earth's systems and occasionally negatively affect humans.
Earthquakes
Fault lines
Plate tectonics
Natural disasters
This is a picture of a
volcano
trench
mountain
earthquake
What is an ocean trench?
An island that forms in the ocean
A volcano with a jagged peak
A round mountain on land
A deep, narrow valley on the ocean floor
Earthquakes are more likely to occur
near the edge of continents
in the middle of continents
What can be said about where ocean mountains form?
Many ocean mountains do not form near the boundaries of tectonic plates
Many ocean mountains form at the boundaries of tectonic plates
Many ocean mountains form near the edges of continents
Where would volcanoes be most common?
the central part of Asia
the edges of the Pacific Ocean
the North Pole
the edges of the Atlantic Ocean
How would you describe the location of most trenches?
They are at the edges of continents.
They are usually in the middle of oceans.
They are usually near large islands.
The word Ignis is Latin. It means
Fire
Ice
Water
Warm Air
Once magma reaches the Earth's surface, it is then called (a) .
What are walls made of concrete that help prevent the overflow of a river?
stilts
storm surge
barrier
levees
What is land consisting of marshes or swamps called?
ponds
oceans
wetlands
What are a set of posts or piles that supports a building above the ground called?
stilts
seawall
levees
hurricane
What is a giant cement wall along the ocean shore built to block storm surge waves called?
evaporation
levees
seawall
stilts
Which type of natural disaster is this building most likely designed to resist?
Earthquake
Flooding
Tsunami
Volcanic Eruption
The picture shows four possible locations for constructing a building near a fault. Select the location that represents the safest place to construct the building.
Location 1
Location 2
Location 3
Location 4
The picture shows four possible locations for building a house near a volcano. Select the two locations that represent the most unsafe places in which to build a house.
Location 1
Location 2
Location 3
Location 4
An engineering team has included design features in the plan for this building to reduce the impact of an earthquake. What are the BEST two ways to make this building more sturdy?
Minimize number of windows
Place door openings near a corner wall
Build on ball bearings to allow the building to sway but not crumble
Place steel in concrete to give the building a sturdy framework
An engineering team has included design features in the plan for this building to reduce the impact of an earthquake. What are the BEST two ways to make this building more sturdy?
Minimize number of windows
Place door openings near a corner wall
Build on ball bearings to allow the building to sway but not crumble
Place steel in concrete to give the building a sturdy framework
The support stilts are most likely designed to protect the building from
Avalanche
Flooding
Drought
Landslide
Read about the impact of natural hazards on people. As you read, select two solutions that might reduce the impact of natural hazards on people.
Engineers and scientists study ways to minimize the impact of natural hazards on people.
They have developed tools and technology to predict when a natural hazard may occur, as well as warning systems to alert people of potential hazards.
They also work to design earthquake- and flood-resistant buildings.
Science and technology can provide ways to make people safer during natural hazards.
Which of these correctly describes a constraint?
a specific property of a material
a requirement that must be met
an advantage that benefits performance
a limit placed on the engineering process
In designing a new kind of pretzel snack, which of these might be a constraint for an engineer?
the snack must be low-calorie
the snack must contain at least 2g of fiber
the snack must be triangle-shaped
the snack cannot be made using tree nuts
In engineering, the term "criteria" refers to...
money that is allowed to be spent on a project
tests that are performed to measure performance
requirements that must be met by a design
positive reviews for a product
A new kind of sponge is being designed by a team of engineers. Which of these might be a criterion for this project?
There is a budget of $50,000 to spend
The project has a deadline of January 1, 2024
The sponge must hold at least three times its mass in water
Styrofoam cannot be used to make the sponge
Which of these is considered a porous material?
aluminum foil
paper
stainless steel
hard plastic
The goal of engineering new materials is to create materials with properties that are ______ the original materials.
better than
the same as
unrelated to
Which of these properties would be considered useful for designing an athletic sneaker?
very low melting point
low flexibility
high flexibility
very high weight
Which of these properties would be problematic for a pair of work gloves?
high electrical conductivity
high durability
high melting point
high water resistance
Which of these is often a constraint for engineers?
money available to spend
time available to complete a project
materials available to work with
all of these
Building a shelter in the woods is an example of
a problem with different solutions.
a constraint that limits some options.
the properties you want to have.
the materials that you will use.
Not having any nails would be an example of a ____ when building a shelter.
criteria
problem
constraint
material
Which of the following best defines criteria?
the properties that you want
the problem you need to solve
the material that you have
the limit to certain things
When engineers begin designing a tool, they first must
identify the constraints.
define the problem.
choose the best material.
identify the criteria.
Which of the following is an example of a constraint when designing a tool?
the material doesn’t rust
the material is easy to clean
the material is expensive
all of these
An engineer has to test different ways of making a new material because sometimes a material
is expensive to make.
is difficult to make.
has unwanted properties.
all of these
What is something a materials engineer would work on?
designing a new bridge
building a new building
driving a train
choosing the right metal for a new type of car
The property of a material to get smaller when force or pressure is applied.
Compressibility
Hardness
Softness/Firmness
Tensile Strength
The property of a material to support or resist a weight or a force.
Compressibility
Hardness
Softness/Firmness
Tensile Strength
The property of a material to be firm and solid, or not easy to bend, cut, or break.
Compressibility
Hardness
Softness/Firmness
Tensile Strength
There are four main layers of the Earth. The thin, rocky, solid, outermost layer of the Earth is called...
The Crust
The Mantle
The Outer Core
The Inner Core
What is the name of the giant sections/chunks of the crust and upper mantle that "float" on the rest of the mantle and move across the Earth along with the continents above them?
Techno Terrains
Shield Plates
Tectonic Plates
Mantle Crawlers
Earthquakes and volcanoes occur mostly between the boundaries of...
Cities
Jungles and deserts
The atmosphere and biosphere
Tectonic Plates
Pangaea was an ancient supercontinent made up of...
America, Greenland, and Europe
Antarctica, India, and America
all of Earth’s continents
South Africa, India, Australia, and South America
Describe the most likely relationship between these mountains and nearby tectonic plates.
The mountains are probably formed by earthquakes
The mountains are probably formed by the movement of glaciers
The mountains are probably located near the edge of 2 tectonic plates.
The mountains are probably formed by running water.
Most earthquakes tend to occur at which location?
The central regions of very large continents
Groups of islands farthest from any continents
The boundaries between continents and oceans
The steep slopes of the very oldest mountains
A map is provided that presents information on a certain region of the Earth. Based on the information on the map, at which location are mountains most likely to form?
A
B
C
D
The Ring of Fire is an area where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur. What claim can be made about the Ring of Fire from this information?
It is the only place on Earth where earthquakes can happen.
The edges of the tectonic plates are moving in this area.
It represents the areas where tectonic plates are the thickest.
It has been getting larger since Earth first formed.
Tectonic plates:
can move towards each other
can move away from each other
can slide past each other
All of the above
Which of the following is a non-renewable resource?
water
air
gasoline
wood
Which of the following is a natural resource?
table
pencil
wood
paper
Which of the following is NOT a natural resource?
sand
trees
water
pencil
Which of these is a renewable resource?
coal
natural gas
wood
oil
they take a short time to form
Resources we get from our house that mom makes
Resources we get from the store that were made in a factory
a material that comes from the Earth or the environment and occurs naturally
Energy from the sun
solar
wind
coal
nuclear
The pictures show a forest before and after deforestation, a process where many trees are cut down.
Which of the following best explains why trees are called a renewable resources?
If a tree is cut down, a new tree can be planted in its place.
If a tree is cut down, the animals that depended on the tree will help the tree grow back.
Only humans use trees, so tree populations will never fall below the number that are needed.
Only paper is made from trees, so the tree population will never run out.
Why is it preferable to use renewable resources instead of nonrenewable resources?
because they do not produce pollution
because they will never run out
because they are replaced by nature
all of the answers are correct
