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Geology Part 2 Study Guide: Plate Tectonics, Energy and Hazards

Total questions: 111

Worksheet time: 15hrs 10mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What are the puzzle pieces of the Earth's surface called?
a)
Tectonic plates
b)
Puzzles
c)
Earthquakes
2.
Lava that is still deep inside the earth is called ____________________________.
a)
lava
b)
magma
c)
volcano
d)
earthquake
3.

What causes mountains to form?

a)
Tectonic plates sliding past one another
b)
Collision of tectonic plates
c)
Tectonic plates moving away from each other
d)
Tectonic plates disappearing
4.
What is a tectonic plate?
a)
A piece of the Earth's crust
b)
A piece of Earth's mantle
c)
A piece of Earth's core
d)
A piece of Earth's Moon
5.
The outer layer of the Earth is called the __________.
a)
core
b)
crust
c)
mantle
d)
plates
6.

________ ______ is a long chains or groups of mountains.

a)

Deep Ocean Trench

b)

Mountain Ranges

c)

Topographic Map

7.

A long, narrow groove or ditch.

a)

landform

b)

canyon

c)

remotely

d)

trench

8.
What is a deep, underwater valley or canyon on the ocean floor?
a)
seamount
b)
trench
c)
continental rise
d)
continental slope
9.

What is this area known as

a)

Earthquake Epicenter

b)

Ring of Fire

c)

San Andres Fault

10.

What causes earthquakes?

a)

Millions of people jumping at once

b)

The earth rotating

c)

The movement of tectonic plates

d)

Gravity

11.

The crust is broken into many peices called ...

a)

plates

b)

ashes

c)

countries

d)

boundries

12.

A rock that forms from bits of weathered rock

a)

Rock

b)

Igneous rock

c)

Sedimentary rock

d)

Metamorphic rock

13.

Choose the rock below that is most likely a sedimentary rock.

a)
b)
c)
14.

A fourth grade class observes rocks. One sample is found in layers and feels rough and grainy. Which category does this sample best fit?

a)

sedimentary rock

b)

igneous rock

c)

metamorphic rock

d)

mineral

15.

Obsidian, granite, and basalt are rocks formed form molten rock that has cooled. What kind of rocks are they?

a)

sedimentary

b)

fossils

c)

igneous

d)

metamorphic

16.

__________ is an energy resource that WILL NOT run out in the next several hundred years.

a)

Renewable Energy Resource

b)

Non-Renewable Energy Resource

17.

Which of the following is a renewable resource?

a)

Oil

b)

Solar

c)

Coal

d)

Natural Gas

18.

Coal and oil are?

a)

Non-Renewable energy resources

b)

Renewable energy resources

c)

None of the above

19.

What are the 3 fossil fuels?

a)

coal, oil, uranium

b)

coal, hydroelectric, oil

c)

natural gas, oil, coal

20.
__________is the energy created by wind turning wind turbines.
a)
Geothermal
b)
Hydro
c)
Wind
d)
Nuclear
21.

Fossil Fuels are

a)

pieces of rock that have been compacted many times

b)

rock that contains 50% plant and animal remains

c)

metamorphic rock

d)

fuels that form from the remains of plant and other organisms that were buried and altered over million of years

22.
Coal is a __________ energy resource.
a)
Renewable
b)
Nonrenewable
23.
Solar Power is a __________ energy resource.
a)
Renewable
b)
Nonrenewable
24.

Which of the following is a renewable resource?

a)

Oil

b)

Solar

c)

Coal

d)

Natural Gas

25.

Which of the following is a non-renewable resource?

a)

Water

b)

Sun

c)

Coal

d)

Win

26.

Coal is a __________ energy resource.

a)

Renewable

b)

Non-renewable

27.

Hyrdo Power is a __________ energy resource.

a)

Renewable

b)

Non-renewable

28.

A resource is considered renewable if it can be replenished or replaced within a human lifetime.

(a)  

Choose from the below words
is only found in limited quantities
is not affected by human activity
can be replenished or replaced by nature quicker
takes a long time to replenish
29.

Which of these is classified as a renewable resource?

a)
Nuclear energy, geothermal, and biomass
b)
Plastic, metal, and glass
c)
Coal, natural gas, and oil
d)

wind and water and plants

30.

Fossil fuels are classified as nonrenewable resources because they -

a)
Are constantly replenished by nature
b)
Cannot be replaced within a human lifespan
c)
Have no impact on the environment
d)
Are easily extracted from the earth
31.

What does renewable mean?

a)
Related to non-renewable resources
b)
Referring to a one-time use only
c)
Unable to be replaced or replenished
d)
Capable of being replaced or replenished
32.

What does nonrenewable mean?

a)
Nonrenewable means a resource that can be easily replaced
b)
Nonrenewable means a resource that is constantly replenished
c)

Nonrenewable means a resource that took millions of years to form and is not replaced quickly.

d)
Nonrenewable means a resource that is not affected by natural processes
33.

Look at the pictures. Are they examples of renewable or nonrenewable resources?

a)

renewable

b)

non-renewable

34.

What type of power plant uses the potential energy of water trapped behind a dam?

a)

nuclear power plant

b)

hydroelectric power plant

c)

solar station

d)

coal burning power plant

35.
What is the best pro about renewable resources? 
a)
The are inexpensive 
b)
They are always available
c)
They are expensive
d)
They create pollution  
36.

Our main reason to use renewable resources are

a)

Cheap

b)

Expensive

c)

Convenient

d)

Clean

e)

Limitless supply

37.

Our main reasons why we don't use renewable resources are

a)

Cheap

b)

Expensive

c)

Convenient

d)

Clean

e)

Inconvenient

38.

Which of the following is a major cause of air pollution?

a)

burning fossil fuel

b)

dumping waste in landfills

c)

using wind and solar energy

d)

releasing waste into rivers, lakes, streams...

39.

Which of the following resources WILL eventually run out?

a)

natural resources

b)

renewable resources

c)

nonrenewable resources

40.
Many earthquakes happen along the borders of...
a)
Countries
b)
Tetonic Plates
c)
Climate Zones
d)
None of the above.
41.

What are earthquakes?

a)

The shaking that results from the movement of rock beneath Earth's surface

b)

Masses of earth sliding down cliffs or mountains

c)

A rotating column of air causing mass destruction

d)

A gigantic wave

42.

Which of these is the best material to use if building a house near a volcano?

a)

metal

b)

stone

c)

foam

d)

wood

43.

Which of these natural disasters can humans prevent or eliminate?

a)

volcanoes

b)

earthquakes

c)

tsunamis

d)

humans cannot prevent natural disasters

44.

Volcanoes and earthquakes tend to occur near what?

a)

mountains

b)

islands

c)

plate boundaries

d)

fault lines

45.

Which natural disaster causes most of its damage due to shaking?

a)

volcanoes

b)

tsunamis

c)

hurricanes

d)

earthquakes

46.

Earthquakes can cause damage to buildings built by humans. At the present time, the solution that science can provide to this problem is that humans can–

a)

design buildings that will be damaged less by an earthquake

b)

stop an earthquake from happening before it occurs

c)

reduce the strength of the very strongest earthquakes

d)

predict the exact time and location of all earthquakes

47.

________________________ can cause sudden or gradual changes to Earth's systems and occasionally negatively affect humans.

a)

Earthquakes

b)

Fault lines

c)

Plate tectonics

d)

Natural disasters

48.

This is a picture of a

a)

volcano

b)

trench

c)

mountain

d)

earthquake

49.

What is an ocean trench?

a)

An island that forms in the ocean

b)

A volcano with a jagged peak

c)

A round mountain on land

d)

A deep, narrow valley on the ocean floor

50.

Earthquakes are more likely to occur

a)

near the edge of continents

b)

in the middle of continents

51.

What can be said about where ocean mountains form?

a)

Many ocean mountains do not form near the boundaries of tectonic plates

b)

Many ocean mountains form at the boundaries of tectonic plates

c)

Many ocean mountains form near the edges of continents

52.

Where would volcanoes be most common?

a)

the central part of Asia

b)

the edges of the Pacific Ocean

c)

the North Pole

d)

the edges of the Atlantic Ocean

53.

How would you describe the location of most trenches?

a)

They are at the edges of continents.

b)

They are usually in the middle of oceans.

c)

They are usually near large islands.

54.

The word Ignis is Latin. It means

a)

Fire

b)

Ice

c)

Water

d)

Warm Air

55.

Once magma reaches the Earth's surface, it is then called (a)   .

56.

What are walls made of concrete that help prevent the overflow of a river?

a)

stilts

b)

storm surge

c)

barrier

d)

levees

57.

What is land consisting of marshes or swamps called?

a)

ponds

b)

oceans

c)

wetlands

58.

What are a set of posts or piles that supports a building above the ground called?

a)

stilts

b)

seawall

c)

levees

d)

hurricane

59.

What is a giant cement wall along the ocean shore built to block storm surge waves called?

a)

evaporation

b)

levees

c)

seawall

d)

stilts

60.

Which type of natural disaster is this building most likely designed to resist?

a)

Earthquake

b)

Flooding

c)

Tsunami

d)

Volcanic Eruption

61.

The picture shows four possible locations for constructing a building near a fault. Select the location that represents the safest place to construct the building.

a)

Location 1

b)

Location 2

c)

Location 3

d)

Location 4

62.

The picture shows four possible locations for building a house near a volcano. Select the two locations that represent the most unsafe places in which to build a house.

a)

Location 1

b)

Location 2

c)

Location 3

d)

Location 4

63.

An engineering team has included design features in the plan for this building to reduce the impact of an earthquake. What are the BEST two ways to make this building more sturdy?

a)

Minimize number of windows

b)

Place door openings near a corner wall

c)

Build on ball bearings to allow the building to sway but not crumble

d)

Place steel in concrete to give the building a sturdy framework

64.

An engineering team has included design features in the plan for this building to reduce the impact of an earthquake. What are the BEST two ways to make this building more sturdy?

a)

Minimize number of windows

b)

Place door openings near a corner wall

c)

Build on ball bearings to allow the building to sway but not crumble

d)

Place steel in concrete to give the building a sturdy framework

65.

The support stilts are most likely designed to protect the building from

a)

Avalanche

b)

Flooding

c)

Drought

d)

Landslide

66.

Read about the impact of natural hazards on people. As you read, select two solutions that might reduce the impact of natural hazards on people.

a)

Engineers and scientists study ways to minimize the impact of natural hazards on people.

b)

They have developed tools and technology to predict when a natural hazard may occur, as well as warning systems to alert people of potential hazards.

c)

They also work to design earthquake- and flood-resistant buildings.

d)

Science and technology can provide ways to make people safer during natural hazards.

67.

Which of these correctly describes a constraint?

a)

a specific property of a material

b)

a requirement that must be met

c)

an advantage that benefits performance

d)

a limit placed on the engineering process

68.

In designing a new kind of pretzel snack, which of these might be a constraint for an engineer?

a)

the snack must be low-calorie

b)

the snack must contain at least 2g of fiber

c)

the snack must be triangle-shaped

d)

the snack cannot be made using tree nuts

69.

In engineering, the term "criteria" refers to...

a)

money that is allowed to be spent on a project

b)

tests that are performed to measure performance

c)

requirements that must be met by a design

d)

positive reviews for a product

70.

A new kind of sponge is being designed by a team of engineers. Which of these might be a criterion for this project?

a)

There is a budget of $50,000 to spend

b)

The project has a deadline of January 1, 2024

c)

The sponge must hold at least three times its mass in water

d)

Styrofoam cannot be used to make the sponge

71.

Which of these is considered a porous material?

a)

aluminum foil

b)

paper

c)

stainless steel

d)

hard plastic

72.

The goal of engineering new materials is to create materials with properties that are ______ the original materials.

a)

better than

b)

the same as

c)

unrelated to

73.

Which of these properties would be considered useful for designing an athletic sneaker?

a)

very low melting point

b)

low flexibility

c)

high flexibility

d)

very high weight

74.

Which of these properties would be problematic for a pair of work gloves?

a)

high electrical conductivity

b)

high durability

c)

high melting point

d)

high water resistance

75.

Which of these is often a constraint for engineers?

a)

money available to spend

b)

time available to complete a project

c)

materials available to work with

d)

all of these

76.

Building a shelter in the woods is an example of

a)

a problem with different solutions.

b)

a constraint that limits some options.

c)

the properties you want to have.

d)

the materials that you will use.

77.

Not having any nails would be an example of a ____ when building a shelter.

a)

criteria

b)

problem

c)

constraint

d)

material

78.

Which of the following best defines criteria?

a)

the properties that you want

b)

the problem you need to solve

c)

the material that you have

d)

the limit to certain things

79.

When engineers begin designing a tool, they first must

a)

identify the constraints.

b)

define the problem.

c)

choose the best material.

d)

identify the criteria.

80.

Which of the following is an example of a constraint when designing a tool?

a)

the material doesn’t rust

b)

the material is easy to clean

c)

the material is expensive

d)

all of these

81.

An engineer has to test different ways of making a new material because sometimes a material

a)

is expensive to make.

b)

is difficult to make.

c)

has unwanted properties.

d)

all of these

82.
What is technology?
a)
Technology is a type of electronics.
b)
Technology has wires and is plugged in.
c)
Technology is anything that is man made and solves a problem.
83.
What is an engineer?
a)
A person who uses math, science and creativity to design things that solve problems.
b)
A person who works with others to build big things.
c)
A person who drives a train.
84.
Which choice below is something an engineer might do?
a)
create warmer clothes
b)
install computer wiring
85.

What is something a materials engineer would work on?

a)

designing a new bridge

b)

building a new building

c)

driving a train

d)

choosing the right metal for a new type of car

86.

The property of a material to get smaller when force or pressure is applied.

a)

Compressibility

b)

Hardness

c)

Softness/Firmness

d)

Tensile Strength

87.

The property of a material to support or resist a weight or a force.    

a)

Compressibility

b)

Hardness

c)

Softness/Firmness

d)

Tensile Strength

88.

The property of a material to be firm and solid, or not easy to bend, cut, or break.

a)

Compressibility

b)

Hardness

c)

Softness/Firmness

d)

Tensile Strength

89.

There are four main layers of the Earth. The thin, rocky, solid, outermost layer of the Earth is called...

a)

The Crust

b)

The Mantle

c)

The Outer Core

d)

The Inner Core

90.

What is the name of the giant sections/chunks of the crust and upper mantle that "float" on the rest of the mantle and move across the Earth along with the continents above them?

a)

Techno Terrains

b)

Shield Plates

c)

Tectonic Plates

d)

Mantle Crawlers

91.

Earthquakes and volcanoes occur mostly between the boundaries of...

a)

Cities

b)

Jungles and deserts

c)

The atmosphere and biosphere

d)

Tectonic Plates

92.

Pangaea was an ancient supercontinent made up of...

a)

America, Greenland, and Europe

b)

Antarctica, India, and America

c)

all of Earth’s continents

d)

South Africa, India, Australia, and South America

93.
Mountains form from....
a)
Plates sliding past one another
b)
collision of plates
c)
plates moving away from each other
d)
none of these
94.
Earth's plates are....
a)
Constantly moving and changing the face of the Earth
b)
Never moved
c)
Move seldom and very fast
d)
move when they feel like it
95.

Describe the most likely relationship between these mountains and nearby tectonic plates.

a)

The mountains are probably formed by earthquakes

b)

The mountains are probably formed by the movement of glaciers

c)

The mountains are probably located near the edge of 2 tectonic plates.

d)

The mountains are probably formed by running water.

96.

Most earthquakes tend to occur at which location?

a)

The central regions of very large continents

b)

Groups of islands farthest from any continents

c)

The boundaries between continents and oceans

d)

The steep slopes of the very oldest mountains

97.

A map is provided that presents information on a certain region of the Earth. Based on the information on the map, at which location are mountains most likely to form?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

98.

The Ring of Fire is an area where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur. What claim can be made about the Ring of Fire from this information?

a)

It is the only place on Earth where earthquakes can happen.

b)

The edges of the tectonic plates are moving in this area.

c)

It represents the areas where tectonic plates are the thickest.

d)

It has been getting larger since Earth first formed.

99.

Tectonic plates:

a)

can move towards each other

b)

can move away from each other

c)

can slide past each other

d)

All of the above

100.

Which of the following is a non-renewable resource?

a)

water

b)

air

c)

gasoline

d)

wood

101.

Which of the following is a natural resource?

a)

table

b)

pencil

c)

wood

d)

paper

102.

Which of the following is NOT a natural resource?

a)

sand

b)

trees

c)

water

d)

pencil

103.

Which of these is a renewable resource?

a)

coal

b)

natural gas

c)

wood

d)

oil

104.
Fossil fuels are nonrenewable because...
a)

they take a short time to form

b)
they take a long time to form
c)
they can be found underground
105.
What is a natural resource?
a)

Resources we get from our house that mom makes

b)

Resources we get from the store that were made in a factory

c)

a material that comes from the Earth or the environment and occurs naturally

106.
These are all examples of...
a)
renewable resources
b)
nonrenewable resources
c)
fossil fuels
d)
alternative energy
107.
This type of renewable energy converts the power of the wind to electricity.
a)
steam engines
b)
solar power
c)
wind turbines
d)
nuclear power
108.
Hydroelectric plants perform which type of energy conversion?
a)
Water to Electricity
b)
Electricity to Water
c)
Wind to Electricity
d)
Wind to Chemical
109.

Energy from the sun

a)

solar

b)

wind

c)

coal

d)

nuclear

110.

The pictures show a forest before and after deforestation, a process where many trees are cut down.

Which of the following best explains why trees are called a renewable resources?

a)

If a tree is cut down, a new tree can be planted in its place.

b)

If a tree is cut down, the animals that depended on the tree will help the tree grow back.

c)

Only humans use trees, so tree populations will never fall below the number that are needed.

d)

Only paper is made from trees, so the tree population will never run out.

111.

Why is it preferable to use renewable resources instead of nonrenewable resources?

a)

because they do not produce pollution

b)

because they will never run out

c)

because they are replaced by nature

d)

all of the answers are correct