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WorksheetsCP Bio Spring Exam Review
Total questions: 75
Worksheet time: 38mins
RNA contains the sugar:
ribose
deoxyribose
glucose
lactose
Unlike DNA, RNA contains:
adenine
uracil
phosphate groups
thymine
Which of the following are found in both DNA and RNA?
ribose, phosphate groups, and adenine
deoxyribose, phosphate groups, and guanine
phosphate groups, guanine, and cytosine
phosphate groups, guanine, and thymine
Which of the following is true?
RNA is usually single-stranded.
DNA is usually single-stranded.
RNA contains uracil.
DNA contains thymine.
Which type of RNA brings the information in the genetic code from the nucleus to other parts of the cell?
rRNA
tRNA
mRNA
RNA polymerase
Which molecules are involved in protein synthesis?
transfer RNA, introns, and mutagens
messenger RNA, introns, and ribosomal RNA
ribosomal RNA, transfer RNA, and mutagens
messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA
From which molecules are mRNA molecules transcribed?
tRNA
rRNA
DNA
proteins
What is produced during transcription?
RNA molecules
DNA molecules
RNA polymerase
proteins
There are 64 codons and 20 amino acids. Which of the following is true?
Several different codons can specify the same amino acid
Each codon specifies a different amino acid
Some amino acids have no link to a codon
Each amino acid is specified by only one codon
What happens during translation?
Messenger RNA is made from a DNA code
The cell uses a messenger RNA code to make proteins
Transfer RNA is made from a messenger RNA code
Copies of DNA molecules are made
Genes contain instructions for assembling
operons
nucleosomes
proteins
mutagens
Which is the correct sequence of the transfer of information in most organisms?
protein to DNA to RNA
RNA to DNA to protein
DNA to RNA to protein
RNA to protein to DNA
In eukaryotes
Transcription takes place in the cytoplasm, and translation takes place in the nucleus
Transcription takes place in the nucleus, and translation takes place in the cytoplasm
Transcription and translation both take place in the nucleus
Transcription and translation both take place in the cytoplasm
A mutation that involves one or a few nucleotides is called
a. a mutagen.
b. an inversion.
c. a point mutation.
d. a translocation.
Compared to small cells, large cells have more trouble
a. dividing.
b. producing daughter cells.
c. storing needed materials and waste products.
d. moving needed materials in and waste products out.
Which of the following happens when a cell divides?
a. The cell’s volume increases.
b. It becomes more difficult for the cell to get rid of wastes.
c. Each daughter cell receives its own copy of the parent cell’s DNA.
d. It becomes more difficult for the cell to get enough oxygen and nutrients.
The process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells is called
a. cell division.
b. metaphase.
c. interphase.
d. mitosis.
An advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction is that sexual reproduction
a. takes less time.
b. requires more time.
c. provides genetic diversity.
d. produces identical offspring.
Which of the following is a phase of mitosis?
cytokinesis
interphase
prophase
S phase
During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up along the middle of the dividing cell?
prophase
telophase
metaphase
anaphase
Which of the following represents the phases of mitosis in their proper sequence?
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
interphase, prophase, metaphase, telophase
prophase, anaphase, metaphase, telophase
What is the role of the spindle fibers during mitosis?
They help separate the chromosomes
They break down the nuclear membrane
They duplicate the DNA
They make the chromosomes visible
The two main stages of cell division are called
mitosis and interphase
synthesis and cytokinesis
the M phase and the S phase
mitosis and cytokinesis
During normal mitotic cell division, a parent cell that has four chromosomes will produce two daughter cells, each containing
two chromosomes
four chromosomes
eight chromosomes
sixteen chromosomes
One difference between cell division in plant cells and in animal cells is that plant cells have
centrioles
centromeres
a cell plate
chromatin
If an organism’s diploid number is 12, its haploid number is
a. 12
b. 6
c. 24
d. 3
Gametes have
a. homologous chromosomes
b. twice the number of chromosomes found in body cells
c. two sets of chromosomes
d. one allele for each gene.
Gametes are produced by the process of
a. mitosis
b. meiosis
c. crossing-over
d. replication
Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of
a. diploid cells
b. haploid cells
c. 2N daughter cells
d. body cells
What is formed at the end of meiosis?
a. two genetically identical cells
b. four genetically different cells
c. four genetically identical cells
d. two genetically different cells
Which of the following assort independently?
chromosomes
linked genes
multiple alleles
codominant alleles
The different forms of a gene are called
traits
pollinations
alleles
hybrids
When Gregor Mendel crossed a tall plant with a short plant, the F1 plants inherited
one allele from each parent.
two alleles from each parent.
three alleles from each parent.
four alleles from each parent.
If a pea plant’s alleles for height are tt, what is true of its parents?
Both parents were tall.
Both parents were short.
Both parents contributed a recessive allele.
Both parents contributed a dominant allele.
A heterozygous tall pea plant is crossed with a short plant. The probability that an F1 plant will be tall is
25%
50%
75%
100%
Organisms that have two identical alleles for a particular trait are said to be
hybrid
homologous
homozygous
dominant
Roan cattle show codominance for the color of their hair. There are alleles for red hair and white hair. What would you expect a heterozygous roan bull to look like if the trait showed incomplete dominance instead?
It would be red.
It would be white.
It would be spotted.
It would be pink.
Situations in which one allele for a gene is not completely dominant over another allele for that gene are called
multiple alleles
incomplete dominance
polygenic inheritance
multiple genes
In rabbits, there are four different versions of the gene for coat color. What pattern of inheritance is this?
incomplete dominance
polygenic inheritance
codominance
multiple alleles
Which of the following supports the claim that the environment can affect genetic traits?
Oak trees get taller as they grow
Hydrangea flower color varies with soil pH
Dandelion plants are self pollinating
Pine trees bear cones every other year
Darwin noticed that many organisms seemed well suited to
being preserved as fossils
providing humans with food
surviving in the environments in which they lived
swimming from South America to the Galápagos Islands
The species of finches that Charles Darwin found on different Galápagos Islands varied in certain structural adaptations. One of the most significant adaptations that Darwin noted was the
similarities of the birds’ embryos
birds’ different-shaped beaks
length of the birds’ necks
number of eggs in each bird’s nest
Based on the adaptations Charles Darwin observed in finches and tortoises in the Galápagos, he wondered
if species living on different islands had once been members of the same species
if finches and tortoises had originated from the same ancestral species
if all birds on the different islands were finches
if all tortoises on the different islands were identical
People of Charles Darwin’s time understood that fossils were
preserved remains of ancient organisms
available for every organism that ever lived
unrelated to living species
evidence for the evolution of life on Earth
James Hutton’s and Charles Lyell’s work was important to Darwin because these scientists
explained volcanoes and earthquakes
explained all geologic events on Earth
suggested that Earth was old enough for evolution to have occurred
refuted the work of Lamarck, which was based on misunderstandings
When a farmer chooses to breed the chickens that give the eggs, the farmers are following the principle of
acquired characteristics
descent with modification
artificial selection
natural selection
According to Darwin’s theory of natural selection, individuals who survive are the ones best adapted for their environment. Their survival is due to the
possession of adaptations developed through use
possession of inherited adaptations that maximize fitness
lack of competition within the species
choices made by plant and animal breeders
Which statement about the members of a population that live long enough to reproduce is consistent with the theory of evolution by natural selection?
They transmit characteristics acquired by use and disuse to their offspring
They tend to produce fewer offspring than others in the population
They are the ones that are best adapted to survive in their environment
They will perpetuate unfavorable changes in the species
Charles Darwin called the ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its specific environment
diversity
fitness
adaptation
evolution
According to Darwin’s theory of natural selection, the individuals that tend to survive are those that have
characteristics their parents acquired by use and disuse
characteristics that plant and animal breeders value
the greatest number of offspring
variations best suited to environmental conditions
The hypothesis that all species are descended from common ancestors was proposed by
James Hutton
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
Thomas Malthus
Charles Darwin
Similar patterns of embryological development in different but related organisms are responsible for the formation of
a. homologous structures.
b. analogous structures.
c. Hox genes.
d. intermediate fossil forms.
In organisms that reproduce sexually, most variation that can be inherited is due to
a. mutations during gamete formation.
b. polygenic traits.
c. gene recombination during sexual reproduction.
d. the effects of radiation.
If a mutation introduces a new skin color in a frog population, which factor might determine whether the frequency of the new allele will increase?
how many other alleles are present
whether the mutation makes some frogs more fit for their environment than other frogs
how many phenotypes the population has
whether the mutation was caused by nature or by human intervention
In genetic drift, the allele frequencies in a gene pool change because of
mutations
chance
natural selection
genetic equilibrium
Genetic drift tends to occur in populations that
are very large
are small
are formed from new species
have unchanging allele frequencies
What is the site of the Krebs cycle reactions?
the cell membrane, which surrounds the cell
the nucleus, the innermost part of the cell
the matrix of the mitochondria
the cytoplasm of the cell
Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in cellular respiration?
glycolysis → fermentation → Krebs cycle
Krebs cycle → electron transport → glycolysis
glycolysis → Krebs cycle → electron transport
Krebs cycle → glycolysis → electron transport
What are the reactants in the equation for cellular respiration?
oxygen and lactic acid
carbon dioxide and water
glucose and oxygen
water and glucose
Cellular respiration is called an aerobic process because it requires:
light
exercise
oxygen
glucose
Photosynthesis is to chloroplasts as cellular respiration is to:
chloroplasts
cytoplasm
mitochondria
nuclei
The products of photosynthesis are the:
products of cellular respiration
reactants of cellular respiration
products of glycolysis
products of fermentation
The Krebs cycle does NOT occur if:
oxygen is present
oxygen is not present
glycolysis occurs
carbon dioxide is present
Which of the following is not part of cellular respiration?
electron transport
glycolysis
Krebs cycle
Calvin cycle
What stores information in a cell?
carbohydrates
proteins
lipids
DNA
During DNA replication, a DNA strand that has the bases GATCCA produces a strand with the bases:
GATCCA
GAUCCA
CTAGGT
TGCAAC
Which of the following is a nucleotide found in DNA?
deoxyribose + phosphate group + cytosine
cytosine + phosphate group + guanine
adenine + phosphate group + thymine
deoxyribose + phosphate group + polymerase
Because of base pairing in DNA, the percentage of thymine molecules in DNA is about equal to the percentage of adenine molecules.
true
false
Which enzyme is responsible for unwinding and separating DNA strands for replication?
Helicase
Polymerase
Nitrogenous
Nuclease
DNA is antiparallel. This means
it is a double helix
it has a sugar-phosphate backbone
the top of one strand is the bottom of the other
it contains a code of instructions
The backbone of DNA is made up of
nitrogen base
sugar-phosphate
nucleotide
polymerase
A trait that allows organisms to survive and reproduce better than others without the trait in a specific environment is an
selection
adaptation
variation
accommodation
The Galápagos finches are adapted to their environment because they have
not changed
migrated
evolved
hibernated
The major idea that Darwin presented in his book The Origin of Species was that
species changed over time and never competed with each other
animals changed, but plants remained the same
elephants and bacteria changed constantly
species changed over time by natural selection
The formation of new species is called
extinction
embryology
speciation
microevolution
