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AP Biology - Unit 2 Review

Total questions: 38

Worksheet time: 29mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

One of the key innovations in the evolution of eukaryotes from a prokaryotic ancestor is the endomembrane system. What eukaryotic organelles or features might have evolved as a part of, or as an elaboration of, the endomembrane system?

a)

ribosomes

b)

chloroplasts

c)

mitochondria

d)

nuclear membrane

2.
In a bacterial cell, one of the subunits of the ribosome is called 30s and is composed of about 20 different proteins. A mutation occurs that changes the structure of one of these proteins.  What effect will this most likely have on the bacterial cell?
a)
It would stimulate binary cell fission and the cell would divide uncontrollably.
b)
The cell would be unable to properly synthesize proteins.
c)
Development of abnormal hereditary features would occur in the cell.
d)
Increased protein absorption would occur through the cell membrane
3.
Which of the following statements regarding the mitochondria is correct?
a)
Mitochondria contain their own ribosomes and thus produce some of their own proteins.
b)
Mitochondria are involved in the transport that occurs as a part of the endomembrane system.
c)
Mitochondria rely on the DNA of the eukaryote cell in order to function correctly.
d)
Mitochondria produce ATP only used by themselves.
4.

A cross section of part of a Golgi complex is shown. Part of the membrane of the Golgi complex pinches off and moves away. Which of the following is a function of this process?

a)

to release energy from ATP

b)

to deliver proteins to other locations in the cell

c)

to collect amino acids for use in protein synthesis

d)

to sent messages about cell requirements to the nucleus

5.
Which of the following statements correctly matches a cell part with its function
a)
The cell membrane packages lipids for export
b)
The mitochondria perform photosynthesis
c)
The lysosome digests molecules
d)
The nucleus produces energy
6.

Trichondia is a eukaryotic organism that attaches itself to fish and eats bacteria. Which of the following distinguishes Trichodina from all prokaryotes?

a)

Trichodina is unicellular

b)

Trichodina has a nucleus

c)

Trichodina has cytoplasm

d)

Trichodina is heterotrophic

7.

Keratin is a protein found in hair. Where in a cell is keratin made?

a)

nucleus

b)

vacuole

c)

ribosomes

d)

mitochondria

8.

Which of the following statements is consistent with the structure of the cell shown?

a)

It is an epithelial cell

b)

It is a mature red blood cell

c)

It requires high levels of oxygen

d)

It converts carbon dioxide into glucose

9.

Tay-Sachs disease is a human genetic abnormality that results in cells accumulating and becoming clogged with very large and complex lipids. Which cellular organelle must be involved in this condition?

a)

the endoplasmic reticulum

b)

the Golgi apparatus

c)

the lysosome

d)

membrane-bound ribosomes

10.
After a protein is constructed at the ribosome, it can be transported to the Golgi complex for modification. What cellular structure is used in this transport?
a)
Lysosome
b)
Mitochondrion
c)
Nuclear pore
d)
Endoplasmic reticulum
11.

Liver cells are specialized cells that carry out a multitude of tasks, including the synthesis of cholesterol and the breakdown of protein metabolites. These cells would be expected to contain a large proportion of which organelle relative to all others?

a)

smooth ER

b)

rough ER

c)

golgi

d)

nucleolus

12.
___________ form the two layers of the cell membrane. 
a)
Carbohydrates 
b)
Proteins 
c)
Phospholipids 
d)
Cholesterol
13.
What forms the channels and pumps in the phospholipid bilayer?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
proteins
c)
hydrophilic heads 
d)
lipids
14.
Osmosis is the movement of _____ across a membrane.
a)
food
b)
energy
c)
oxygen
d)
water
15.
During osmosis
a)
water moves from high to low concentration
b)
large or oddly shaped molecules move across a cell membrane
c)
water moves when energy is used
d)
proteins are built
16.

Which cell is in an isotonic environment?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

None of them are isotonic

17.
What type of solution allows water to enter the plant cell?
a)
hypotonic solution
b)
hypertonic solution
c)
isotonic solution
d)
active transport
18.
What type of solution is this cell in?
a)
Isotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Hypotonic
d)
diffused
19.
What is the difference between active and passive transport?
a)
Active does not need energy and passive uses ATP (energy)
b)
Active uses ATP (energy) and passive does not need energy
c)
Active stores transport proteins and passive releases 
d)
Active uses hormones and passive does not 
20.
What is the name for a molecule that has a polar head region and a hydrophobic tail region?
a)
Bihydrophicity
b)
Amphipathic
c)
Hydrophilic
d)
Dipolarity
21.
What extracellular molecules aid in cell recognition and cell to cell binding?
a)
Glycoproteins
b)
Glycolipids
c)
Proteoglycans
d)
All of the above
22.
_________ proteins are integral membrane proteins that form channels across the membrane through which some substances can pass. 
a)
Anchored
b)
Gated
c)
Embeded
d)
Channel 
23.

Diffusion with the help of transport proteins is called

a)

phagocytosis

b)

Na-K Pump

c)

Facilitated Diffusion

d)

Active Transport

24.

Movement of molecules "up" or "against" the concentration gradient (meaning low to high) is called

a)

passive transport

b)

active transport

c)

diffusion

d)

facilitated diffusion

25.

Fusion of membrane-bound vesicle with membrane and dumping contents outside cell is known as

a)

endocytosis

b)

diffusion

c)

osmosis

d)

exocytosis

26.

Aquaporins are involved in which type of transport?

a)

active transport

b)

facilitated diffusion

c)

phagocytosis

d)

simple diffusion

27.

Animal cells prefer ____ solutions and plant cells prefer _______ solutions for homeostasis.

a)

hypertonic, hypotonic

b)

hypotonic, hypertonic

c)

isotonic, hypotonic

d)

isotonic, hypertonic

28.

The main component of cell membranes are

a)

proteins

b)

phospholipids

c)

cholesterol

d)

carbohydrate tags

29.
a)
Grana
b)
Thylakoid
c)
Stroma
d)
Jelly Filling
30.
a)
Flapjack Stack
b)
Grana
c)
Thylakoid
d)
Stroma
31.
a)
Stroma
b)
Thylakoid
c)
Skittle
d)
Grana
32.
What is the main function of chloroplast?
a)
Mitosis
b)
Meiosis
c)
Translation
d)
Photosynthesis
33.
What pigment absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis?
a)
chloroplast
b)
thylakoid
c)
grana
d)
chlorophyll
34.

Which of the following is part of the mitochondria

a)

outer membrane

b)

DNA

c)

matrix

d)

all of the above

35.

Increase the surface area available for ATP synthesis

a)

cristae

b)

matrix

c)

inner membrane

d)

outer membrane

36.

Letter F is which structure of the mitochondria?

a)

inner membrane

b)

outer membrane

c)

cristae

d)

matrix

37.

Letter E is which structure of the mitochondria?

a)

inner membrane

b)

outer membrane

c)

cristae

d)

matrix

38.

Letter B is which structure of the mitochondria?

a)

inner membrane

b)

intermembrane space

c)

cristae

d)

matrix

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