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Sun-Earth-Moon Practice Test Spring, 2024

Total questions: 68

Worksheet time: 3hrs 24mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What causes day and night on Earth?
a)
the tilt of Earth's axis
b)
Earth's revolution around the sun
c)
the moon
d)
Earth's rotation
2.
Why does Earth have seasons?
a)

because sometimes the Earth is closer to the sun and farther away from the Sun

b)

because the temperature of the Sun changes

c)
because Earth's axis is tilted
d)
because of Earth's rotation and revolution
3.

When the southern hemisphere is tilted toward the sun, what will they experience?

a)

More direct sun rays

b)

More indirect sun rays

c)

An equal amount of direct and indirect rays

4.
What has the greatest influence on tides?
a)

gravitational pull of the Sun

b)

gravitational pull of the Moon

c)
gravitational pull of the Earth
d)
gravitational pull of other planets
5.

Why does the same side of the Moon always face the Earth?

a)
the moon doesn't rotate
b)
the moon doesn't revolve
c)
the Earth's gravity keeps the moon facing it
d)
the moon's rotation and revolution takes the same amount of time
6.
What determines which phase of the moon you see?
a)
where you are on Earth
b)
how much of the sunlit side faces Earth
c)

how much of the moon is lit by the Sun

d)
how much of the moon is in the sky
7.

What if the Earth was not tilted on its axis?

a)
we would not have day and night
b)
we would have longer years
c)
we would not have seasons
d)
we would have two seasons
8.
During what moon phases do spring tides occur?
a)
full and new
b)
first and third quarters
c)
full only
d)
all phases
9.
What moon phase would you see a full moon?
a)
1
b)
3
c)
5
d)
7
10.

What moon phase would you see at number 8?

a)
waning crescent
b)
full
c)
new
d)

waning gibbous

11.
Where would you see a crescent moon?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
12.
Where would you see a gibbous moon?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
13.

During an equinox, sunlight strikes the Earth most directly at the equator.

a)
True
b)
False
14.

Which number represents perihelion?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

15.
Where nuclear fusion occurs
a)
Photosphere
b)
Core
c)
Convection Zone
d)
Chromosphere
16.

What blocks most of the solar particles from the Sun on Earth?

a)
the Photosphere
b)

Earth's magnetic field

c)
the Earth's crust
d)
the corona
17.

When the northern hemisphere (where we live) is tilted toward the Sun, what season are we in?

a)

winter

b)

spring

c)

summer

d)

fall

18.
When do neap tides occur?
a)
New moon and Full moon
b)

First and last (third) quarter moons

c)
Waxing moons
d)
Waning moons
19.

What is the source of energy for all processes on Earth?

a)

gravity

b)

density

c)

the Earth

d)

the Moon

e)

the Sun

20.

The darkest part of the shadow in an eclipse is the __________.

a)

Earth

b)

Moon

c)

Penumbra

d)

Umbra

21.

The lighter part of the shadow in an eclipse is the __________.

a)

Earth

b)

Moon

c)

Penumbra

d)

Umbra

22.

Which type of eclipse occurs at a full moon when Earth is directly between the Moon and the Sun?

a)

Earth eclipse

b)

Lunar eclipse

c)

Jovian eclipse

d)

Solar eclipse

23.

The imaginary plane that connects Earth's orbit with the celestial sphere is the ______________________.

a)

celestial plane

b)

eclilpse

c)

plane of the ecliptic

d)

vernal equinox

24.

What word means relating to the stars?

a)

day

b)

sidereal

c)

solar

d)

rotation

25.

What is a sidereal year?

a)

The time required for Earth to complete exactly one orbit around the Sun, relative to the stars

b)

The time it takes Earth to rotate one time completely

c)

The time it takes the Sun to complete one orbit in our solar system

d)

The time it takes the Sun to orbit one time through the Milky Way

26.

The average period of revolution of the Moon around the Earth in reference to a fixed star, equal to 27 days, 7 hours, 43 minutes in units of mean solar time is a _________________.

a)

sidereal month

b)

sidereal year

c)

synodic month

d)

synodic year

27.

What is the main difference between the terms sidereal and synodic?

a)

Sidereal is the difference between a month and a year.

b)

Synodic is always relative to the stars.

c)

Sidereal is always relative to the Sun.

d)

Synodic is always relative to the Sun.

28.

READ CAREFULLY!

Which is the correct order of the lunar phases?

a)

New moon, waning crescent, first quarter, waning gibbous, full moon, waxing crescent, last quarter, waxing gibbous, new moon

b)

New moon, waxing crescent first quarter, waning crescent, full moon, last quarter, waxing gibbous, waning gibbous

c)

Full moon, waxing gibbous, first quarter, waxing crescent, new moon, waning crescent, waning gibbous

d)

New moon, waxing crescent, first quarter, waxing gibbous, full moon, waning gibbous, last quarter, waning crescent

29.

The Coriolis effect causes moving air and water to turn left in the southern hemisphere and turn right in the northern hemisphere due to Earth's hemisphere.

What does this mean in simple words?

CHOOSE THE TWO CORRECT ANSWERS!

a)

It's the result of Earth's revolution around the Sun and tilted axis.

b)

It's the result of Earth's rotation on weather patterns and ocean currents.

c)

It causes storms like hurricanes and cyclones to spin counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere.

d)

It causes storms like hurricanes and cyclones to spin counterclockwise in the southern hemisphere

30.

Elevation (height) above sea level is ___________.

a)

altitude

b)

nadir

c)

synode

d)

zenith

31.

A slow motion of Earth's axis that traces out a cone over a period of 26,000 years (wobble in Earth's rotational axis) is _______ precession.

a)

altitude

b)

axial

c)

alhambra

d)

appomatox

32.

When the Sun reaches its zenith, approximately what time is it?

a)

12:00 am-2:00 am

b)

11:00 am-12:00 am

c)

12:00 pm-2:00 pm

d)

5:00 pm-7:00 pm

33.

What is a zenith?

a)

altitude

b)

meridian

c)

lowest point

d)

highest point

34.

The two days of the year on which the sun reaches its greatest distance north or south of the equator are the ___________.

a)

equinox

b)

nadir

c)

solstice

d)

zenith

35.

The two days of the year on which the sun reaches its greatest distance north or south of the equator are the ______________.

a)

equinox

b)

nadir

c)

solstice

d)

zenith

36.

The point in a moon's orbit where it is nearest to the Earth is ____________.

a)

apogee

b)

Moon

c)

perigee

d)

perihelion

37.

Any apparent motion in the sky that repeats on a daily basis, such as the rising and setting of stars is _____________________.

a)

diurnal motion

b)

equinox

c)

aphelion

d)

solstice

38.

A __________________ occurs when the Moon passes directly between the Sun and Earth and casts a shadow over part of Earth.

a)

equinox

b)

full moon

c)

solar eclipse

d)

lunar eclipse

39.

To get the best view of a solar eclipse event, where do you need to be?

a)

line of totality

b)

meridian

c)

penumbra

d)

umbra

40.

What does the root word gee refer to?

a)

Earth

b)

Moon

c)

Sun

d)

Terrestrial

41.

What does the root word geo refer to?

a)

Earth

b)

Moon

c)

Sun

d)

Terrestrial

42.

What does the root word helio refer to?

a)

Earth

b)

Moon

c)

Sun

d)

Terrestrial

43.

Which type of movement is shown here?

a)

ellipse

b)

revolution

c)

rotation

d)

round

44.

Which location shows the Earth at aphelion?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

45.

If the Earth had no Moon, what changes would be immediately noticeable? Choose ALL the correct answers!

a)

Without Earth's tilted axis from the collision that created the Moon, we would not have seasons on Earth.

b)

Without the Moon's gravity to stabilize Earth's tilt, our axis would shift.

c)

Nights would be absolutely black with darkness.

d)

Tides would be lower overall because the Moon's gravity would not pull on the oceans.

46.

How are eclipses named?

a)

Eclipses are named for what is casting the shadow.

b)

Eclipses are named for whatever is covered in shadow, whatever is blocked.

c)

Eclipses are named for astronomers who discovered them.

d)

Eclipses are named after constellations in which they occur.

47.

The reason that most solar winds do not disrupt electricity on the Earth is due to the Earth’s ______.

a)

poles

b)

magnetic field

c)

stratosphere

d)

auroras

48.

Where the color of the Sun comes from.

a)

Core

b)

Chromosphere

c)

Corona

d)

Photosphere

49.
What layer can be seen here?
a)
chromosphere
b)
corona
c)
photosphere
d)
core
50.
These colored bands of light in the sky are called ___.
a)
auroras
b)
solar flares
c)
solar prominences
d)
sun spots
51.
Which pair of objects has the greatest force of gravity between them? 
a)
The top pair because they are farther apart.
b)
The bottom pair because they are closer together.
c)
The top pair because they are moving fast.
d)
The bottom pair because they are moving slow.
52.

Why do we have tides here on Earth?

a)
We have tides because of how the moon's gravity pulls on different parts of the Earth.
b)
We have tides because the Earth's oceans move.
c)
We have tides only because of the sun's gravity pulling on Earth.
d)
We have tides because of how the Earth revolves around the sun.
53.

The Sun has more mass than Earth. Why doesn't the Moon orbit the sun instead of Earth?

a)

The moon is closer to Earth than the Sun so its gravitational pull is more.

b)

It does orbit the Sun because of Earth's orbit around the Sun.

c)
The Earth has a greater mass than the sun.
d)

Earth's magnetic field is so strong it pulls the Moon close.

54.
Which set of objects has the greatest force of gravity between them?
a)
The bottom pair because the spheres have a greater mass.
b)
The bottom pair because the spheres are closer together.
c)
The top pair because the spheres are further apart. 
d)
The top pair because the spheres have a smaller mass.
55.

In which area of the sun does gas rise as it heats up, then fall back down as it cools?

a)

the core

b)

the radiative zone

c)

the convective zone

d)

the corona

56.
The particles of the corona extends into space for millions of kilometers and spreads into streams of electrically charged particles called:
a)
coronal discharge
b)
solar flares
c)
coronal ejection
d)
solar winds
57.
What elements make up most of the sun’s mass?
a)
carbon and oxygen
b)
carbon and hydrogen
c)
helium and nitrogen
d)
hydrogen and helium
58.
What is a light year?
a)
the speed that light travels in a year
b)
the speed that light travels from the sun to earth
c)
the distance light travels in a year
59.
What is the state of matter in the sun?
a)
Gas
b)
Liquid
c)
Plasma
d)
Solid
60.
How much of the solar system's total mass is the sun?
a)
Less than 10%
b)
Approximately half
c)
73.8%
d)
Over 99%
61.
The Earth is closest to the sun in
a)
June
b)
March
c)
September
d)
January
62.

Jack has a rock. The rock has a mass of 14g and a volume of 2cm3. What is the density of the rock?

a)

7 mL

b)

7 g/cm3

c)

28 g/cm3

d)

1/7 g/cm3

63.
What is the volume of Object X?
a)
10.0 cm3
b)
15.0 cm3
c)
20.0 cm3
d)
25.0 cm3
64.

The cycle of the moon lasts about a _.

a)

day

b)

year

c)

week

d)

month

65.

What causes tides?

a)

gravity

b)

wind

c)

spring

d)

solar system

66.
Which body has the greater effect on Earth's tides?
a)
Sun
b)
Saturn
c)
Moon 
d)
Venus
67.

Which gas in our atmosphere is most abundant?

a)

Argon

b)

Oxygen

c)

Nitrogen

d)

Carbon Dioxide

68.

Which layer has the highest pressure?

a)

thermosphere

b)

stratosphere

c)

troposphere

d)

ionosphere

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