WorksheetsThe Universe
Total questions: 57
Worksheet time: 30mins
A theory that says the universe began as a small point that expanded rapidly about 13.7 billion years ago.
Big Bang Theory
Singularity Theory
Galaxy Theory
Which description is considered most accurate regarding what actually happened during the Big Bang?
Two galaxies collided causing an immense explosion as stars crashed into one another
All of what would become the universe was concentrated in a single small point, or singularity, which rapidly expanded into what is now stars, planets, galaxies, matter, and energy.
All matter emerged from a massive black hole at the center of the universe.
Parts of the sun were ripped off by massive internal explosions and were thrown into space where they cooled to become other things, like plants, comets, and other galaxies.
If something that makes light is moving AWAY from you, it spreads the wavelengths of light out. This application of the Doppler effect is known as ___.
blue shift
green shift
red shift
black shift
Most distant galaxies show a RED SHIFT. This is considered EVIDENCE that the universe is ___.
getting cooler
expanding
condensing into a small point
swirling around
The CMB (Cosmic Background Radiation) is:
the remaining energy from the big bang.
incredibly cool.
a cloud of light
only located in certain places in the universe.
Observations of space indicate that most matter in the universe is ___.
hydrogen and helium, with traces of lithium and beryllium.
gold and plutonium
oxygen and water vapor
carbon
A galaxy showing BLUE SHIFT is ___.
very cold
moving TOWARDS OR TO us
dying
about to supernova
What are two important pieces of evidence we have for the Big Bang?
Ptolemy’s work on epicycles and Hubble’s law (the expansion of the Universe)
Hubble’s law (the expansion of the Universe) and cosmic background radiation
The fact that we have multiple Universes to compare and study and cosmic background radiation (CBR)
The abundance of hydrogen, helium, and lithium found in the Universe and Ptolemy’s work on epicycles
Which is the process of combining smaller elements into larger elements?
nucleosysthesis
proton proton chain
CNO cycle
triple alpha process
Why are Cepheids so useful?
They can be used to determine age
They can be used to determine mass
They can be used to determine size
They can be used to determine distance
We can see black holes because
light can escape it
energy can escape it
we use x-ray vision
stars at the event horizon reflect off of objects around the accretion disk
We live in the...
Andromeda Galaxy
Milky Way Galaxy
Pleiades Star Cluster
Seven Sisters
Why are black holes...black?
There are no stars to produce light.
Light waves die inside.
The gravity pulls stronger/faster than the speed of light, so light cannot escape.
No one paid the electric bill.
The Milky Way is located inside of the ________________ Group in the Virgo Supercluster.
Neighborhood
Town
Boy Band
Local
What is the largest galaxy in the Local Group?
Andromeda
Milky Way
Vulcan
Mesopotamia
The Milky Way contains between _________________ to __________________ stars.
200-400 billion
200-400 million
100-200 billion
100 million to 400 billion
The Milky Way has an estimated diameter of about____________________.
100,000 light years
100 light years
10 light years
1 light year
Where are we located in the Milky Way?
Orion's Claim
Milky Way
Saggitaurus arm
Orion's Arm
Where is the center of the universe located?
There is no center of the universe.
At the center of the Milky Way galaxy.
14.5 billion light years away from Earth.
In a large singularity near the Andromeda Galaxy.
This type of galaxy contains a mixture of all ages of stars.
irregular
spiral
elliptical
all galaxies
Identify the galaxy in the image.
irregular
spiral
elliptical
none listed
Identify the galaxy in the image.
irregular
spiral
elliptical
none listed
Identify the galaxy in the image.
irregular
spiral
elliptical
none listed
Classify this galaxy
Sc
Sa
SBb
E7
Classify this galaxy.
E0
E4
SBa
Irregular
Classify this galaxy
E3
SBa
Sc
Irregular
Classify this galaxy.
E0
Sa
SBc
E7
The timeline below represents time from the present to 20 billion years ago. Letters A, B, C, and D represent specific times. Which letter represents when the Universe began?
A
B
C
D
The diagram below represents a top view of the Milky Way Galaxy. Which letter represents the location of our Sun?
A
B
C
D
A force that speeds up the expansion of the universe is called
supernova
gravity
dark energy
dark matter
In the 1990s, astronomers studying distant supernovae found that the expansion of the universe is ___
indeterminable
constant
decelerating
accelerating
It is now theorized that dark ___________ speeds up the espansion of the universe and dark _________ slows it down.
matter, energy
energy, matter
gravity, energy
gravity, matter
How much of the universe is made up of dark matter/energy?
5%
95%
90%
10%
We know that dark matter is NOT ___________. (choose all that apply)
anti-matter
a black hole
empty space
a vacuum
In 2018, we discovered a monster of an ultra-massive black hole that is estimated to be _____________ solar masses.
1 billion
10 billion
2 billion
20 billion
Black holes act like a __________ for a galaxy by regulating star formation.
barometer
thermometer
sling psychrometer
hygromter
Which of the following are proposed explanations for what dark energy is?
Vacuum Energy
Quintessence
Space Wrinkles
A Flaw in General Relativity
What is the name of the telescope that is set to launch in 2027 which will specialize in studying dark energy?
Euclid
Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope
Hubble Space Telescope
When cosmic inflation stopped, the energy driving it transferred to ________ and _______
– the big bang.
heat and chemical energy
electricity and gravity
matter and light energy
What is the oldest light we can observe in the universe called?
Cosmic Microwave Background
Recomination
First Stars
Reionizaion
What do scientists believe is causing the expansion of the universe to accelerate?
gravity
friction
dark energy
cepheids
What are the two major arms in the Milky Way Galaxy?
Orion Arm
Perseus Arm
Sagittarius Arm
Scutum-Centaurus Arm
Which galactic arm is represented by the green dots?
Scutum-Crux
Sagittarius
Orion
Perseus
Which letter represents the galactic center?
A
B
D
E
F
Which letter represents the Sun and the Solar System?
A
C
D
E
F
Which letter represents the galactic location of the Eagle Nebula?
A
B
C
D
E
Which letter represents the galactic location of the Crab Nebula?
A
B
C
D
E
