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Plankton and ecosystem dynamics

Total questions: 53

Worksheet time: 27mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the main source of energy for primary producers?

a)

Heat

b)

Light energy

c)

Chemical energy

d)

Mechanical energy

2.

Which level in the energy pyramid has the least amount of energy?

a)

Primary producers

b)

Primary consumers

c)

Tertiary consumers

d)

Quaternary consumers

3.

What do herbivores primarily eat?

a)

Meat

b)

Plants

c)

Fungi

d)

Bacteria

4.

What happens to energy as it moves up the trophic levels?

a)

It increases

b)

It remains constant

c)

It decreases

d)

It doubles

5.

Which organisms are at the base of the trophic pyramid?

a)

Top carnivores

b)

Primary producers

c)

3rd level consumers

d)

Decomposers

6.

What do secondary consumers primarily feed on?

a)

Plants

b)

Herbivores

c)

Decomposers

d)

Other carnivores

7.

What type of matter do detritivores consume?

a)

Inorganic matter

b)

Organic matter

c)

Plastic waste

d)

Metal waste

8.

What is the role of decomposers in the ecosystem?

a)

Produce oxygen

b)

Breakdown tissue of dead plants and animals

c)

Pollinate flowers

d)

Absorb sunlight

9.

Which of the following is a characteristic of detritivores?

a)

They produce their own food

b)

They feed on dead organic material

c)

They hunt live prey

d)

They photosynthesize

10.

Which animal is known for being a keystone predator in marine environments?

a)

Dolphin

b)

Sea Otter

c)

Whale

d)

Penguin

11.

What is the primary function of a keystone predator in an ecosystem?

a)

To provide food for other animals

b)

To control the population of other species

c)

To migrate long distances

d)

To be the most visible species

12.

What is the effect of keystone predators on biodiversity?

a)

They decrease biodiversity

b)

They have no effect on biodiversity

c)

They increase biodiversity

d)

They make biodiversity unpredictable

13.

Which of the following is NOT an example of mutualism?

a)

Clownfish and anemone

b)

Bee and flower

c)

Lion and zebra

d)

Ant and acacia tree

14.

What is the relationship called where one organism benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed?

a)

Parasitism

b)

Mutualism

c)

Commensalism

d)

Predation

15.

In commensalism, which of the following is an example?

a)

Tapeworms in marine mammals

b)

Remora fish and sharks

c)

Bees and flowers

d)

Lions and zebras

16.

All phytoplankton are ...

a)

autotrophic

b)

heterotrophic

c)

meroplankton

d)

macroplankton

17.

Red tides are caused by .. .

a)

Krill

b)

Jellyfish

c)

Man "O" War

d)

Dinoflagellates

18.

When a population of plankton explodes, the event is called...

a)

Bump

b)

Balloon

c)

Bomb

d)

Bloom

19.
Plankton that uses photosynthesis:
a)
Phytoplankton
b)
Zooplankton
20.
Phytoplankton are associated with the photic zone because they rely on the sun for the process of:
a)
Respiration
b)
Photosynthesis
c)
Chemosynthesis
d)
Heterotrophs
21.

Animal members of the plankton community.

a)

Phytoplankton

b)

Meroplankton

c)

Holoplankton

d)

Zooplankton

22.

What organism(s) are pictured here?

a)

Diatoms

b)

Dinoflagellates

c)

Zooplankton

d)

Nekton

23.
Which is a kind of phytoplankton?
a)
 lion’s mane jellyfish
b)
sea butterfly 
c)
algae
d)
copepod 
24.
Dinoflagellates can cause __________ which is toxic to fish, shellfish and humans.
a)
Green TIde
b)
Red Tide
c)
Malaria
d)
Algal Bloom
25.
Which best describes the source of oxygen in ocean water?
a)
Oxygen is produced by marine plants in the process of making food.
b)

Oxygen is produced through the exhalations of marine animals.
c)

Oxygen is produced through precipitation falling on the ocean.
d)
Oxygen is produced by nodules on the ocean floor.
26.

The larvae of crabs and krill belong to which group of plankton?

a)

Phytoplankton

b)

Zooplankton

c)

Holoplankton

d)

None of the above

27.
What is the name of this organism?
a)
coccolithophore
b)
cyanobacteria
c)
dinoflagellate
d)
diatom
28.

Based on the Greek work for "wanderer"

a)

Plankton

b)

Dinoflagellate

c)

Coccolithophore

d)

Diatom

29.

The larval stages of crabs and fish are

a)

holoplankton

b)

meroplankton

c)

both

d)

neither

30.

Which plankton is bioluminescent?

a)

dinoflagellates

b)

diatoms

c)

jellyfish

d)

meroplankton

31.

An example of an animal with meroplankton stages is the

a)

crab

b)

whale

c)

arrow worm

d)

diatom

32.

These horseshoe crab larvae are termed_________ since they are not plankton their whole life and grow into entirely different adult forms.

a)

ultraplankton

b)

meroplankton

c)

holoplankton

d)

macroplankton

33.

Organisms that drift in the ocean and are unable to swim against the currents are called

a)

benthos

b)

plankton

c)

nekton

d)

epifauna

34.

Plankton composed of organisms that spend their whole lives floating, drifting, or swimming weakly in the water.

a)

meroplankton

b)

zooplankton

c)

holoplankton

d)

phytoplankton

35.

What does chlorophyta mean?

a)

green plant

b)

brown plant

c)

red plant

36.

Flowering plants have

a)

true leaves

b)

transport tissue (xylem and phloem)

c)

roots

d)

all answers are correct

37.

Seagrasses are important because:

a)

they provide habitat for many animals

b)

they can protect coral reefs from sediment

c)

they are nurseries for juvenile fish

d)

all answers are correct

38.

What do seaweeds such as giant kelp provide beyond being a food source (primary producer)?

a)

they protect coral reefs

b)

they take salt out of the water

c)

they create a habitat for many organisms

39.

How are seaweed classified or sorted in to groups?

a)

By their pigment

b)

By their length

c)

By the water they are found in

d)

By their toxins

40.

Which type of algae has red pigment?

a)

Chlorophyta

b)

Phaeophyta

c)

Rhodophyta

d)

Merophyta

41.

Whyich type of algae has brown/yellow pigments?

a)

Chlorophyta

b)

Phaeophyta

c)

Rhodophyta

d)

Merophyta

42.

Why is seaweed NOT considered a true plant?

a)

Does photosynthesis

b)

No Veins in the Leaves or Stems

c)

Forms the base of many food chains

d)

Has roots

43.

Salt marsh plants have these that help with the excess salt

a)

Roots

b)

Flowers

c)

Salt glands

d)

Holdfast

44.

Mangroves can only be found in ___________ regions

a)

Polar

b)

Temperate

c)

desert

d)

tropical

45.
The major abiotic factors that influence aquatic ecosystems include
a)
water temperature and amount of light
b)
plants and animals
c)
water and plants growing there
46.

Estuaries are very productive ecosystems because they receive fresh nutrients from

a)

lakes and ponds

b)

rivers and oceans

c)

marshes and swamps

d)

streams and springs

47.
Amount of dissolved salt
a)
estuary 
b)
eutrophication
c)
salinity
d)
runoff
48.
Which of these determines what types of organisms live in water?
a)
water temperature
b)
oxygen levels of water
c)
sunlight & nutrients
d)
water temperature, oxygen levels, sunlight & nutrients
49.

Which of the following is not one of the 3 main groups of seaweed?

a)

Yellow

b)

Brown

c)

Red

d)

Green

50.

Area located between high and low tide boundaries:

a)

Strandline

b)

Intertidal zone

c)

Supratidal zone

d)

Subtidal zone

51.

Area located below intertidal zone, remaining underwater:

a)

Strandline

b)

Intertidal zone

c)

Supratidal zone

d)

Subtidal zone

52.

Zone that is made up of the entire ocean floor

a)

Neritic

b)

Photic

c)

Aphotic

d)

Benthic

53.

Which ocean lifestyles lives on the bottom?

a)

nekton

b)

plankton

c)

benthos

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