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PHY Nature of Science Review

Total questions: 95

Worksheet time: 1hrs 11mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
A series of steps used by scientists to solve a problem or answer a question. 
a)
scientific method
b)
recipe
c)
data collection
d)
metric system
2.
Which is NOT a step in the scientific method?
a)
Make observation
b)
Form a theory
c)
Collect data
d)
Form a hypothesis
3.
A testable explanation to a problem that has not yet been tested. 
a)
data
b)
theory
c)
hypothesis
d)
fact
4.
This is the group that we will compare our experimental group to. This group stays "normal."
a)
Control Group
b)
Experimental Group
c)
 Normal Group
d)
Weird Group
5.

True or False: a test may have more than one independent variable

a)

true

b)

false

6.

What would the independent variable be in an experiment testing which type of paper airplane goes the furthest?

a)

the type of paper used.

b)

the distance each plane flies.

c)

how hard the plane is thrown.

d)

the type of paper airplane.

7.

The variables in an experiment that stay the same are the -

a)

Independent Variable

b)

Dependent Variable

c)

Constants

d)

Control

8.
Why do we want to test one variable at a time?
a)
Because it is hard to setup a data table with more
b)
To know what is causing the changes
c)
It is what has always been done
d)
No one really knows
9.

When writing a hypothesis, which variable is the IF?

a)

independent

b)

dependent

c)

control

d)

questions mark

10.

When writing a hypothesis, which variable is the THEN?

a)

independent

b)

dependent

c)

contol

d)

question mark

11.
Which of the following is an observation of the picture?
a)
The person is wearing a T-shirt
b)
It is a sunny day
c)
The person is going to a birthday party
d)
The gift is a DVD player
12.
What is an inference? 
a)
Just a guess.
b)
A statement based off of your observations. 
c)
The same as an observation. 
d)
Examples of something. 
13.

A hypothesis is never wrong.

a)

True

b)

False

14.

When we write a conclusion, we state

a)

that our hypothesis was correct or incorrect.

b)

that our hypothesis was proven or disproven.

c)

that out hypothesis was a good guess or a poor guess.

15.

The SI unit for mass is _________.

a)

Pounds

b)

Inches

c)

Kilograms

d)

Ounces

16.

A system of units of measure widely accepted by the scientific community (SI for short)

a)

International System of Units

b)

World Wide Weight

c)

Science Instruments

d)

Use These Measures

17.

The SI unit for time is the __?__.

a)

hours (h)

b)

liter (L)

c)

gram (g)

d)

second (s)

18.

What SI unit is used to measure length?

a)

meters

b)

liters

c)

centimeters

d)

kilograms

19.
What prefix is represented by the following symbol:  k
a)
hecto
b)
kilo
c)
deci
d)
deka
20.

What prefix is represented by the following symbol: m

a)

hecto

b)

kilo

c)

milli

d)

mega

21.

What is 4cm in mm?

a)

0.4

b)

4

c)

400

d)

40

22.

What is 300cm in metres?

a)

3

b)

30

c)

0.3

d)

0.03

23.

What is 4000g in kg?

a)

400

b)

40

c)

0.4

d)

4

24.

What is 3 litres in ml?

a)

30

b)

300

c)

3000

d)

0.3

25.

What is 3.75 litres in ml

a)

3750

b)

375

c)

3705

d)

37.5

26.

Convert 62 miles/hour to feet/second

a)

5,456 feet/second

b)

.003 feet/second

c)

90.9 feet/second

d)

909 feet/second

27.

40 ft = __________ inches

a)

400

b)

3.3

c)

480

d)

12

28.
The length of a desk is 3.5 feet. How many centimeters is the length? 
(there are 2.54 cm in an inch)
a)
60
b)
120.23
c)
106.68
d)
117.12
29.
How many people like Mickey Mouse the best?
a)
5
b)
10
c)
3
d)
4
30.
According to the pie chart, the United States relies on fossil fuels for about what percentage of its energy?
a)
30%
b)
45%
c)
60%
d)
80%
31.
Which of the following best describes the motion of the squirrel between 5 s and 8 s? 
a)
The squirrel's speed increased.
b)
The squirrel's speed decreased.
c)
The squirrel's speed did not change.
d)
The squirrel moved backward.
32.
What is the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable?
a)
As time increase, distance decreases
b)
As time increases, distance increases
c)
As time decreases, distance decreases
d)
As time decreases, distance increases
33.
This type of graph is used to _______
a)
Compare different "groups"
b)
Compare something over time
34.
The Independent/Manipulated Variable goes on the ___ axis
a)
x
b)
y
35.
The Dependent/Responding Variable goes on the ___ axis
a)
x
b)
y
36.
Which type of graph would you create for this data table?
a)
Bar
b)
Line
37.
Which type of graph would you create for this data table?
a)
Bar
b)
Line
38.
If I was only going to graph the data for the Amoebae, which would go on the x-axis?
a)
Type of biocrust
b)
# of Amoebae
39.
Which would go on the y-axis?
a)
Time
b)
# of Bacteria 
40.
Why is this graph misleading?
a)
it only lists 5 players
b)
It goes in intervals of 50
c)
The axis doesn't start at zero and makes it look like a big difference in wins.
d)
Not misleading
41.
Explain why this graph may be misleading?
a)
the x-axis does not have equal intervals
b)
San Fransisco is not a real city
c)
you cannot have percents in a line graph
d)
the y-axis does not have equal intervals
42.
This type of graph is used to _______
a)
Compare different "groups"
b)
Compare something over time
43.
Why does ice float?
a)
Liquid water is less dense than solid water.
b)
Solid water is less dense than liquid water.
c)
Gaseous water is less dense than solid water.
d)
Liquid water is less dense than gaseous water.
44.
Put the liquids in order from most dense to least dense?
a)
4, 3, 2, 1
b)
1, 2, 3, 4
c)
3, 4, 2, 1, 
d)
4, 3, 1, 2
45.
What is the formula for density?
a)
density = mass x volume
b)
density = mass / volume
c)
density = mass + volume
d)
density = mass - volume
46.
Frank has an eraser. It has a mass of 4g, and a volume of 2cm3. What is its density?
a)
8 g/cm3
b)
2 g/cm3
c)
1/2 g/cm3
d)
24 g/cm3
47.
Jack has a rock. The rock has a mass of 14g and a volume of 2cm3. What is the density of the rock?
a)
7 mL
b)
7 g/cm3
c)
28 g/cm3
d)
1/7 g/cm3
48.
Your teacher has asked you to explain the difference between quantitative and qualitative observations. Which statement is correct?
a)
Quantitative observations use numbers, qualitative uses the senses.
b)
Quantitative observations use the senses, qualitative uses numbers.
c)
Quantitative observations use measurement, qualitative uses numbers.
d)
Quantitative observations use colors, qualitative uses the senses.
49.
The plant has grown 4 cm since yesterday.
a)
Qualitative
b)
Quantitative
c)
Both
d)
Neither
50.
The speed of the car was 45 mph.
a)
Qualitative
b)
Quantitative
c)
Both
d)
Neither
51.
Dolphin colors range from gray to white.
a)
qualitative
b)
quantitative 
52.

The strongest muscle in the body is

a)

arm

b)

leg

c)

eye

d)

tongue

53.

It takes _____ for the average person to fall asleep!

a)

30 seconds

b)

6 minutes

c)

14 minutes

d)

53 minutes

54.

Cows can

a)

go down stairs, but not up

b)

go up stairs, but not down stairs

c)

go up and down stairs

55.

Which animal has a brain smaller than their own eye?

a)

ostrich

b)

cow

c)

eagle

d)

squid

56.

A(n) _____ is a possible explanation for an observation that can be tested.

a)

observation

b)

inference

c)

hypothesis

d)

prediction

57.

A rule that describes a pattern in nature is called a _____.

a)

law

b)

hypothesis

c)

theory

d)

control

58.

To test a hypothesis, a scientist could conduct a(n) _____.

a)

experiment

b)

observation

c)

environment

d)

inference

59.

To ensure that a test is fair, scientists may keep many variables _____.

a)

dependent

b)

independent

c)

constant

d)

variable

60.

In an experiment, the variable that is changed is the _____ variable.

a)

dependent

b)

independent

c)

constant

d)

variable

61.

In an experiment, the variable that is measured is the _____ variable.

a)

dependent

b)

independent

c)

constant

d)

variable

62.

_____ models use numerical data to describe an event or idea.

a)

Mathematical

b)

Physical

c)

Computer

d)

Idea

63.

An explanation of an observation that has been supported by many tests is a _____.

a)

hypothesis

b)

scientific law

c)

scientific theory

d)

inference

64.

Logical explanations of observations, or _____, help scientists modify experiments.

a)

inferences

b)

predictons

c)

data

d)

contrasts

65.

An ability to use knowledge to decide if you agree with a claim is _____.

a)

science

b)

critical thinking

c)

inferring

d)

observing

66.

One reason scientists use models is to _____

a)

all the other answers

b)

see how complex objects work

c)

save time and money

d)

test predictions

67.

Complex problems with large amounts of data and animations can be shown in a _____.

a)

physical model

b)

computer simulation

c)

mathematical model

d)

blueprint

68.

In an experiment to test the effect of different music on plant growth, the INDEPENDENT VARIABLE would be _____.

a)

music type

b)

plant height

c)

music volume

d)

flower color

69.

In an experiment to test the effect of different music on plant growth, the DEPENDENT VARIABLE would be _____.

a)

music type

b)

plant height

c)

music volume

d)

flower color

70.

In an experiment to test the effect of different music on plant growth, a CONSTANT would be _____.

a)

music type

b)

plant height

c)

music volume

d)

flower color

71.

In a graph to show the effect of different music on plant growth, the X-AXIS TITLE would be _____.

a)

music type

b)

plant height

c)

music volume

d)

flower color

72.

In a graph to show the effect of different music on plant growth, the Y-AXIS TITLE would be _____.

a)

music type

b)

plant height

c)

music volume

d)

flower color

73.

What could change the outcome of an experiment?

a)

inferences

b)

hypotheses

c)

theories

d)

bias

74.

A disadvantage of models is they can ____.

a)

predict how a sytem might behave

b)

contain thousands of complex formulas

c)

leave out important variables

d)

see how parts interact

75.

Identify the SCIENTIFIC THEORY

a)

for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

b)

species adapt to their environment over time

76.

Identify the SCIENTIFIC LAW

a)

for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

b)

species adapt to their environment over time

77.

Look carefully at the cartoon.

Choose ALL the observations. Do not choose any inferences.

a)

The person is a man.

b)

The chin-up bar is new.

c)

A pair of glasses is on the floor.

d)

The box has two stars on the end panel.

e)

The person is new at doing chin-ups.

78.

Look carefully at the cartoon.

Choose ALL the inferences. Do not choose any observations.

a)

The person is a man.

b)

The chin-up bar is new.

c)

A pair of glasses is on the floor.

d)

The box has two stars on the end panel.

e)

The person is new at doing chin-ups.

79.

Which property of matter is measured in liters?

a)

volume

b)

mass

c)

length

d)

temperature

80.

Which unit most closely matches the width of a sharpened pencil tip?

a)

meter

b)

decimeter

c)

centimeter

d)

millimeter

81.

Which unit should be used to measure the distance from Easton to Cambridge, MD?

a)

millimeters

b)

kilometers

c)

kilograms

d)

centimeters

82.

If an estimated volume is 42.7 L, and the actual volume is 30.5 L, what is the percent error?

a)

19%

b)

23%

c)

-19%

d)

580%

83.

To convert meters to centimeters, the correct conversion factor is: _____.

a)

1 m = 100cm

b)

100m = 1 cm

c)

100 cm x 1 m

d)

1m = 1000 cm

84.

To convert milligrams to grams, the correct conversion factor is: _____.

a)

1 g = 100mg

b)

100g = 1 mg

c)

100 g x 1 mg

d)

1g = 1000 mg

85.

Ways to reduce bias include: ___. (Choose all that apply.)

a)

run multiple trials

b)

have another scientist run the same test

c)

gather numerical data

d)

average the data

e)

have a large sample size

86.

Anything that has mass and occupies space

a)

matter

b)

mass

c)

volume

d)

energy

87.

The property of a body or a system that enables it to do work or cause a change

a)

matter

b)

mass

c)

volume

d)

energy

88.

The study of the nature and properties of energy and nonliving matter

a)

Chemistry

b)

Biology

c)

Physical Science

d)

Astronomy

89.

An approach to investigation that consists of a series of steps

a)

Physical Science

b)

Scientific law

c)

Hypothesis

d)

Scientific Method

90.

The way in which scientists and researchers use a systematic approach to answer questions about the world around us

a)

Scientific law

b)

Scientific method

c)

Scientific hypothesis

d)

Scientific investigation

91.

Facts collected for reference and analysis

a)

Results

b)

Conclusion

c)

Data

d)

Graphs

92.

An explanation based on research and observation that can be tested

a)

Observation

b)

Hypothesis

c)

Conclusion

d)

data

93.

A scientific investigation in which a person collects data by observing an event in a systematic manner without influencing or interfering with the event

a)

Scientific study

b)

Observational hypothesis

c)

Observational experiment

d)

Observational study

94.

A scientific investigation in which a person collects data by conducting a test multiple times, each time changing one variable

a)

Controlled experiment

b)

Controlled study

c)

Controlled results

d)

Controlled data

95.

A characteristic, number, or quantity that takes different values in different situations

a)

Dependent variable

b)

Independent variable

c)

Variable

d)

Scientific variable

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