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Unit 1 Test Review

Total questions: 46

Worksheet time: 35mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

How often are eyewitness testimonies correct?

a)

25%

b)

50%

c)

75%

d)

100%

2.

What is one of the most important things law enforcement can do when presenting a photo array to a witness?

a)

Label the back of the pictures

b)

Make sure the person administering knows the suspect

c)

Double blind administration

d)

Put the suspects photo twice, in different clothes

3.

Who is responsible for determining the standard for eyewitnesses

a)

State

b)

City

c)

National

d)

United Nations

4.

In what year did the Supreme Court fail to establish a national standard?

a)

2001

b)

1996

c)

2004

d)

2012

5.

Which is not an established, consisten variable that can affect eyewitness testimony

a)

Estimator variables

b)

System Variables

c)

Internal Variables

d)

All can effect

6.

Fillers in a lineup should NOT match the description of the suspect to prevent confusion

a)

True

b)

False

7.

A witness should be pressured to pick a perpetrator from the provided line up

a)

true

b)

false

8.

"Studies show that eyewitnesses who were given confirmatory feedback on their identification inflated their recollections of the confidence they felt in their selections"

a)

True

b)

False

9.

Identification procedures should be videotaped whenever possible.

a)

True

b)

False

10.

What is episodic memory?

a)

When someone only remembers things in episodes

b)

Ability to remember TV shows

c)

a person’s unique memory of a specific event, so it will be different from someone else’s recollection of the same experience

d)

a person’s memory of a specific event will be exact from someone else’s recollection of the same experience like they had seen the same TV episdoe

11.
What is forensic science?
a)
When scientists improve plants by using DNA
b)
The use of science in growing trees
c)
Any legal action that requires a police investigation
d)
When science is used for the purposes of the law
12.
When a forensic scientist provides information in a criminal trial, the facts he or she presents are based on:
a)
Eyewitness accounts.
b)
Educated guesses.
c)
Circumstantial evidence.
d)
Scientific investigation.
13.
Chain of custody
a)
the documented and unbroken transfer of evidence
b)
(indirect evidence) evidence used to imply a fact but not to prove it
c)
the first police officer to arrive at a crime scene
d)
small but measurable amounts of physical or biological material found at crime scene
14.
Circumstantial evidence
a)
(indirect evidence) evidence used to imply a fact but not to prove it
b)
the documented and unbroken transfer of evidence
c)
the first police officer to arrive at a crime scene
d)
small but measurable amounts of physical or biological material found at crime scene
15.
class evidence
a)
material that connects an indivisual or thing to a certain group
b)
the documented and unbroken transfer of evidence
c)
(indirect evidence) evidence used to imply a fact but not to prove it
d)
the first police officer to arrive at a crime scene
16.
Direct evidence
a)
evidence that (if true) proves an alleged fact, such as an eyewitness account of crime
b)
the documented and unbroken transfer of evidence
c)
a location where crime was took place
d)
evidence that (if true) proves an alleged fact, such as an eyewitness account of crime
17.
secondary crime scene
a)
a location other than the primary crime scene, but that is in some way related to the crime, where evidence is found
b)
the documented and unbroken transfer of evidence
c)
a location where crime was took place
d)
small but measurable amounts of physical or biological material found at crime scene
18.
Primary crime scene
a)
a location where crime was took place
b)
the documented and unbroken transfer of evidence
c)
(indirect evidence) evidence used to imply a fact but not to prove it
d)
evidence that (if true) proves an alleged fact, such as an eyewitness account of crime
19.

Stress can enhance the brain's ability to construct accurate memories.

a)

True

b)

False

20.

What does the Innocence Project use to exonerate falsely convicted individuals?

a)

DNA

b)

RNA

c)

DNA & RNA

d)

eyewitness testimony

21.

Expert witnesses in eyewitness identification can educate juries leading to a better and more fair evaluation of an eyewitness's testimony.

a)

True

b)

False

22.

Which of these cannot be controlled by the criminal justice system?

a)

estimator variables

b)

system variables

23.

Which of these can and should be controlled by the criminal justice system?

a)

Estimator variables

b)

System variables

24.

How did the police in the conviction of Marvin Anderson influence the line-up?

a)

Anderson's picture was the only one in color

b)

Anderson's picture was the only one in black and white

c)

He was the only black man in the line-up

d)

there was no line-up of any kind

25.

Episodic memory relies on semantic memory. Which type of memory is based solely on the facts and not on individual unique memories.

a)

episodic memory

b)

semantic memory

26.

The process the brain goes through each time you form a new episodic memory

a)

consolation

b)

encoding

c)

recollection

27.

"Baking" the event into long-term memory

a)

consolidation

b)

encoding

c)

recollection

28.

A process the elicits the retrieval of contextual information pertaining to a specific event.

a)

consolidation

b)

encoding

c)

recollection

29.
Using the statements:
If it is Friday, then I will get paid.
It is Friday.
Write the conclusion.
a)
It is not Friday
b)
It is Friday
c)
I will not get paid
d)
I will get paid
30.
Using the Law of Syllogism, which of the following completes the statement to form a valid conclusion?
If it is snowing heavily, then school will be canceled.
If school is canceled, the big test will not be given today.
It is snowing heavily, then...
a)
Look out for the snowplows while driving to school.
b)
The big test will not be given today.
c)
The roads will be hard to drive on.
d)
You should call the school to see if school is canceled.
31.

Investigators must discriminate between ________ and __________

a)

good /bad

b)

black/white

c)

fact/opinion

d)

dead/alive

32.

All of the following are ways to improve our observational skills except 

a)

be sure to look at the entire area, not just the body, weapons, or signs of break in

b)

observe everything no matter how big or small

c)

when collecting evidence, record only those things that you are sure are important

d)

write down and photograph everything you find.

33.

a person who has seen someone or something and can communicate these facts

a)

eyewitness

b)

scientist

c)

detective

d)

victim

34.

interpreting information received from the senses

a)

opinion

b)

perception

c)

logical

d)

fact

35.

deriving the consequences from the facts using a series of logical steps

a)

logical

b)

deductive reasoning

c)

analytical skills

d)

observation

36.

Perception

a)

is faulty

b)

is not always accurate

c)

does not always reflect reality

d)

all of these choices

37.
relating the application of science to law/the criminal justice system
a)
Forensics
b)
Forensic Science
c)
Forensic Investigator
d)
CSI Effect
38.

A good observer should...

a)

observe quickly

b)

leave documentation to someone else

c)

jump to conclusions

d)

observe systematically

39.

Every second we are gathering data using:

a)

sight

b)

smell

c)

touch

d)

sound

e)

All of the senses

40.

When faced with a gap in our recollection or memory, the brain will:

a)

create a blank space and let you know you do not remember

b)

fill in the gap with information that may not be accurate

c)

connect the hemispheres which allows accurate recall

d)

compensate by using the olfactory center which is usually not used during memory recall.

41.

Witness testimony should not be relied heavily on in a courtroom because it can be __________________.

a)

unfair since it is so accurate

b)

unimportant to the crime

c)

unreliable and inaccurate

d)

a distraction for the jurors

42.

Good observation skills come naturally to investigators, they do not need to be trained.

a)

True

b)

False

43.

If we remember seeing something that happened, we can trust that it happened just as we think it did.

a)

True

b)

False

44.

Most wrongful convictions seem to be the result of faulty eyewitness testimony.

a)

True

b)

False

45.

A forensic scientist is called to a court of law to provide

a)

opinion

b)

fact

c)

judgement

d)

reflection

46.

1. Our state of mind affects how we observe our surroundings. What mental state is the best for observing?

a)

happy

b)

nervous

c)

relaxed

d)

excited

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