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Review for assessment #2 Biological Basis of Behavior 2024

Total questions: 76

Worksheet time: 1hrs 16mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

This is part of autonomic nervous system and it calms you down.

a)

parasympathetic

b)

sympathetic

c)

central nervous system

d)

peripheral nervous system

2.

What do we call the sending end of a neuron?

a)
dendrites
b)
axon terminals
c)

soma

d)

myelin sheath

3.

What do we call the receiving end of a neuron?

a)
dendrites
b)
synapatics
c)

myelin sheath

d)

soma

4.

Soma is another name for the

a)

cell body.

b)

vessicles.

c)

myelin sheath.

d)

membrane.

5.

These carry signals from the tissues and organs to the brain and spinal cord.

a)

sensory neurons

b)

motor neurons

c)

efferent neurons

d)

glial cells

6.

What do we call the gap or space between two neurons?

a)

dendrites

b)

cell body

c)

synapse

d)

axon

7.

What do we call the electrical charge that travels down an axon when a neuron is firing?

a)

resting potential

b)

action potential

c)

threshold

d)

refractory period

8.

What small gland is involved with puberty and how fast we grow?

a)

amygdala 

b)

pituitary gland

c)

reticular formation 

d)

sensory strip

9.
The ___ helps decide what memories transfer from the short to long term memory.
a)
Hippocampus
b)
Corpus Callosum 
c)
Hypothalamus 
d)
Cerebellum 
10.
Although located far from the eyes the ______ helps with vision. 
a)
Frontal Lobe
b)
Occipital Lobe
c)
Parietal Lobe
d)
Reticular Formation 
11.
Name the two major parts of the central nervous system.
a)
The brain and the skull. 
b)
The brain and the body.
c)
The spinal cord and the brain.
d)
The spinal cord and the body. 
12.
The ____ nervous system controls unconscious activities.
a)
somatic
b)
sympathetic
c)
parasympathetic
d)
autonomic
13.
The _____ response is known as fight or flight.
a)
parasympathetic
b)
sympathetic
c)
somatic
d)
peripheral
14.

What part of the peripheral nervous system controls conscious activities?

a)
autonomic
b)
somatic
c)
sympathetic
d)
parasympathetic
15.

What part of the brain controls life-sustaining functions, such as heartbeat, breathing, and swallowing?

a)
cerebral cortex.
b)
cerebellum.
c)
medulla.
d)
hippocampus.
16.
The ______ lobes are responsible for higher mental processes such as decision making.
a)
parietal
b)
frontal
c)
temporal
d)
occipital
17.

Humans with damage to the amygdala show decreased

a)
fear response.
b)
sex drive.
c)
incidence of depression.
d)
allergies to food.
18.

Gerald's grandmother suffers from Alzheimer's disease and exhibits symptoms of memory loss. Which neurotransmitter is she likely lacking?

a)
GABA
b)
Serotonin
c)
Dopamine
d)
Acetycholine (ACh)
19.
Reward centers trigger the release of what neurotransmitter?
a)
Acetycholine
b)
Serotonin
c)
Dopamine
d)
Norepinephrine
20.
Which neurotransmitter affects moods such as hunger, sleep, and arousal?
a)
Acetylcholine
b)
Norepinephrine
c)
Glutamate
d)
Serotonin
21.
What are the human body’s natural “morphine” producers?
a)
Serotonin
b)
Glutamate
c)
Endorphins
d)
Acetylcholine (ACh)
22.
The period of inactivity after a neuron has fired is called the
a)

refractory period.

b)

threshold.

c)

action potential.

d)

all-or-nothing response.

23.

The experience of auditory hallucinations by people with schizophrenia is most closely linked with the activation of areas in their

a)
temporal lobes.
b)
motor cortex.
c)

frontal lobes.

d)

hypothalamus.

24.

Information is carried from the central nervous system to the body's tissues by

a)

motor neurons.

b)

the sympathetic nervous system.

c)

the limbic system.

d)

interneurons.

25.
Which part of your brain receives information that you are moving your legs?
a)
amygdala
b)

motor cortex

c)
sensory cortex
d)
hypothalamus
26.

The capacity of one brain area to take over the functions of another damaged brain area is known as brain

a)

aphasia.

b)

tomography.

c)

phrenology.

d)

plasticity.

27.
Endorphins are
a)

sex hormones.

b)

neurotransmitters.

c)

growth hormones.

d)

endocrine glands.

28.
The minimum level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse is called the
a)
refractory period.
b)
action potential.
c)
synapes.
d)
threshold.
29.
Which of the following is the component of the limbic system that plays an essential role in the processing of new memories?
a)
medulla
b)
hippocampus
c)
thalamus
d)
hypothalamus
30.
The thin surface layer of interconnected neural cells that covers the cerebrum is called the
a)
cerebellum.
b)
corpus callosum.
c)
reticular formation.
d)
cerebral cortex.
31.
Which lobes of the brain receive the input that enables you to feel someone scratching your back?
a)
parietal
b)
temporal
c)
occipital
d)
frontal
32.
Information is most quickly transmitted from one cerebral hemisphere to the other by the
a)
medulla.
b)
corpus callosum.
c)
angular gyrus.
d)
limbic system.
33.
Heritability refers to the extent to which
a)
trait differences among individuals are attributable to genetic variations.
b)
unrelated individuals share common genes.
c)
nurture controls a trait rather than nature.
d)
adult personality is determined by infant personality.
34.

Which area of the brain controls arousal?

a)
Reticular Formation
b)
Thalamus
c)
Amygdala
d)
Medulla
35.

What part of the brain receives sensory information and relays it to the proper part of brain for further processing?

a)
Hypothalamus
b)
Reticular Formation
c)
Cerebellum
d)
Thalamus
36.

What has happened when a person has speech that makes sense, but the person has difficulty speaking?

a)
Broca's Aphasia
b)
Wernicke's Aphasia
c)
Visual Agnosia
d)
Neglect Syndrome
37.
Which sense is the only one that is NOT processed through the thalamus?
a)
taste
b)
hearing
c)
touch
d)
smell
38.

The brain is primarily comprised of two different kinds of cells. They are neurons and

a)

glial cells.

b)

myelin.

c)

synapses.

d)

dendrites.

39.

When a neuron receives a stimulus that is very strong, the result is that

a)
the neuron fires in an all-or-none fashion.
b)
the neuron fires at a greater strength.
c)
fewer neurons fire at the same time.
d)
the neuron cannot fire back.
40.
Which neurotransmitter is mostly responsible for alertness and arousal?
a)
Norepinephrine
b)
Serotonin
c)
Dopamine
d)
GABA
41.

Method of intense study of just one individual:

a)

Naturalistic Observation

b)

Experimental Study

c)

Case Study

d)

Survey

42.
This is a method of research where an investigator manipulates one or more factors (independent variables) to observe the effect on some behavior or mental process (the dependent variable).
a)
Experiments
b)
Case Study
c)
Survey
d)
Observational
e)
Correlational
43.

What is the biological perspective of psychology?

a)
It focuses on how social factors influence behavior
b)
It emphasizes the importance of cognitive processes
c)
It primarily examines environmental influences on behavior
d)
It focuses on how biological factors influence behavior and mental processes.
44.

Julian believes that everything we do was determined with our personality that we were born with. Thanos believes that we are the sum product of our life experiences. The basic conflict that sums the difference between these two perspectives is:

a)

nature vs. nurture

b)

freedom vs. determinism

c)

structuralism vs. functionalism

d)

simplicity vs. difficulty

45.

A _______means that there is a relationship between two or more variables, but this relationship does not necessarily imply cause and effect.

a)

attrition

b)

correlation

c)

hypothesis

d)

positive correlation

46.

What is the difference between agonists and antagonists?

a)

  1. Agonists block the production or release of a neurotransmitter and antagonists do this to the receptor

b)

  1. There is no difference between the two, they just work with different chemicals in the brain

c)

  1. Antagonists are responsible for increasing the neurotransmitter’s action will agonists do the opposite

d)

  1. Agonists are responsible for increasing the neurotransmitter’s action while antagonists do the opposite

47.

These are computer-aided x-rays of the brain that show a great deal of brain structure.

a)

CT scan

b)

MRI scan

c)

PET scan

d)

EEG

48.

The attractions of this image have made it popular for imaging normal brain function. Over the last decade it has provided new insight to the investigation of how memories are formed, language, pain, learning and emotion.

a)

MRI

b)

fMRI

c)

EEG

d)

X-Ray

49.

In which of the following techniques do researchers inject a harmless, radioactive substance into the living human brain to examine activity?

a)

Electroencephalography (EEG)

b)

Computerized axial tomography (CAT)

c)

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

d)

Positron-emission tomography (PET)

50.

What does MRI stand for?

a)

magnetic resonance imaging

b)

miraculous resonance imaging

c)

medical resonance imaging

d)

magnetic renaissance imaging

51.

In the human eye, rods are to _________, as cones are to ________.

a)

light/ color

b)

color/ light

c)

monochromat/ dichromat

d)

dichromat/ monochromat

52.

What sense helps maintain balance?

a)

Vestibular

b)

Kinesthetic

c)

Proprioception

d)

Audition

e)

Olfaction

53.

The area of the brain that receives information from the nose is directly connected to the limbic system, rather than relayed first through the thalamus. This connection may explain why smells are often involved in...

a)

pain sensations

b)

altered states of consciousness

c)

subliminal messages

d)

vivid memories

e)

retinal disparity

54.

The coiled, fluid filled tube in which sound waves trigger nerve impulses is called...

a)

eustachian tube

b)

auditory canal

c)

semicircular canal

d)

cochlea

e)

vestibular aparatus

55.

The process by which your ears convert sound waves to neural impulses is called...

a)

sensory adaptation

b)

accommodation

c)

parallel processing

d)

sensory introduction

e)

Transduction

56.

The principle that two stimuli must differ by a constant proportion for their difference to be perceived is known as...

a)

opponent process theory

b)

feature detector

c)

sensory interaction

d)

Weber's law

e)

absolute threshold

57.

A person's diminished sensitivity to an unchanging stimulus is known as...

a)

accomodation

b)

parallel processing

c)

sensory adaptation

d)

transduction

e)

sensory equilibrium

58.

While waiting in line at Starbucks, Kramer was playing games on his cell phone and subsequently failed to see the customer in front of him rob the cashier. This is an example of...

a)

inattentional blindness

b)

place theory

c)

blind spot

d)

feature detectors

e)

sensory adaptation

59.

Although Bill was seated next to his friend, he was able to smell the burning popcorn a full minute earlier than his friend. Bill must have a lower _________ for smell.

a)

accommodation level

b)

absolute threshold

c)

tolerance level

d)

gustatory saturation level

e)

adaptation level

60.

What three primary colors of light are detected by your cones?

a)

Green, red, and blue

b)

Black, gray, and white

c)

Blue, red, and yellow

d)

Blue, green, and purple

e)

Cyan, magenta, and yellow

61.

What is the first part of the eye that light hits?

a)

lens

b)

cornea

c)

pupil

d)

retina

e)

iris

62.
Absolute threshold means you sense something
a)
50% of the time
b)
75% of the time
c)
100% of the time
d)
25% of the time
63.
You notice a distinctive smell when you enter the room. After a few minutes you no longer notice the smell. What explains this?
a)
progressive learning
b)
sensory contraction
c)
sensory novelty
d)
sensory adaptation
64.
The amount of light entering the eye is regulated by changes in the size of the 
a)
pupil
b)
lens
c)
cornea
d)
retina
65.
The blind spot is
a)
where the photo cells bleach the image
b)
the point where the ganglion connects to the bipolar cells
c)
where the optic nerve connects to the retina
d)
what leads to color blindness
66.
Night and peripheral vision depend mainly on _______, while daylight and color vision depend mainly on _________.
a)
cones, rods
b)
rods, bipolar
c)
rods, cones
d)
bipolar, cones
67.
The fact that perceptions involve more than the sum of our sensations best illustrates the importance of:
a)
top-down processing
b)
interposition
c)
retinal disparity
d)
visual capture
68.
Racial and ethnic stereotypes can sometimes bias our perceptions of other's behavior. This best illustrates the impact of:
a)
retinal disparity
b)
interposition
c)
top-down processing
d)
perceptual adaptation
69.
If you move your watchband up your inch or so, you will feel it only for a few moments. This best illustrates:
a)
parallel processing
b)
accommodation
c)
sensory adaptation
d)
Weber's Law
70.
As we look at a flower, the intensity, or brightness, of the color we see is related to the light wave's:
a)
amplitude
b)
hue
c)
length
d)
placement on the spectrum
71.
Rather than saying a person is "colorblind," it would be more accurate to say that the person:
a)
has a blind spot
b)
lacks red- or green-sensitive cones
c)
is experiencing an overstimulation of the red-and green-sensitive cones
d)
has an excess of blue-sensitive cones
72.
The hammer, anvil, and stirrup are found in the:
a)
middle ear
b)
inner ear
c)
cochlea
d)
outer ear
73.
What is umami?
a)
a savory, meaty taste sensation for which researchers recently discovered receptors on the tongue
b)
receptors on the tongue that respond only to bitter tastes
c)
receptors on the tongue that allow us to taste nutrients in food, succh as proteins and vitamins
d)
a condition in which there is a loss of the sensation of taste
74.
As a professional chef, which of the following sensations would you rely on most?
a)
hearing
b)
seeing
c)
balance
d)
smell
75.
The sense of movement and body position
a)
Hearing
b)
Sight
c)
Kinesthesis
d)
Olfaction
e)
Touch
76.
A researcher presents two lights of varying brightness to a subject who is asked to respond "same" or "different" by comparing their intensities. The researcher is seeking the
a)
just noticeable difference.
b)
absolute threshold.
c)
subliminal threshold.
d)
minimal threshold.

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