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Biology - DNA & Protein Synthesis

Total questions: 40

Worksheet time: 48mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Label the diagram.

a)

DNA double helix

b)

Nitrogenous base pairs

c)

Sugar-phosphate backbone

1
2
3
1)
2)
3)
2.

Categorize each as either DNA or RNA.

Categorize the following

Double-stranded

Single-stranded

A-T, C-G

A-U, C-G

Deoxyribose sugar

Ribose sugar

DNA
RNA
3.

Label the diagram.

a)

Trait

b)

mRNA

c)

Protein

d)

DNA

1
2
3
4
1)
2)
3)
4)
4.

Label the diagram with the 2 steps of protein synthesis.

a)

translation

b)

transcription

1
2
1)
2)
5.

Match the DNA code to its mRNA code.

a)

ATACGA

1.

UAUGCU

b)

ACGGTA

2.

UGCCAU

c)

TAAGTT

3.

AUUCAA

6.

Label the diagram.

a)

cytoplasm

b)

amino acids

c)

polypeptide chain

d)

ribosome

e)

mRNA

f)

tRNA

1
2
3
4
5
6
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7.

Match each mRNA codon to a tRNA anticodon.

a)

UUA

1.

AAU

b)

AUG

2.

UAC

c)

CGG

3.

GCC

d)

CAA

4.

GUU

e)

GCU

5.

CGA

8.

Fill in the blanks.

Not all answers will be used.

a)

fatty acids

b)

amino acids

c)

nucleotides

d)

carbohydrates

1
2
1)
2)
9.

Matching.

a)

1.

Hydrogen bonds

b)

2.

Peptide bonds

c)

The enzyme that buil

3.

DNA polymerase

10.

Use the mRNA codons and codon chart to put the amino acids in the correct order.

AUG UAU GAU GCC CAC

a)

Met

b)

Tyr

c)

Asp

d)

Ala

e)

His

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
11.

Sorting.

Categorize the following

DNA → mRNA

Nucleus

An RNA "message" is made

mRNA → protein

Cytoplasm

Ribosome

tRNA

Nucleotides added

Amino acids added

FIRST

SECOND

Transcription
Translation
12.

DNA and RNA are....

a)

nucleic acids

b)

proteins

c)

genes

d)

organelles

13.

Using Chargaff's Rules, choose the correct DNA strand based on this template strand:

AATCGGATTAG

a)

TTAGAAGGTA

b)

UUAGCCUAAUC

c)

TTAGCCTAATC

d)

AATCGGATTAG

14.

The process labeled with arrow 1 happens in the (a)   .

15.

The mRNA reads CCA: what amino acid will the tRNA be carrying?

A
B
C
D
16.
In RNA, Uracil pairs with ______. 
a)
cytosine
b)
adenine
c)
guanine
d)
thymine
17.
DNA holds the code for
a)
lipids
b)
carbohydrates
c)
protein
d)
sugar
18.
The main function of tRNA is to...
a)
carry a message that, when translated, forms proteins
b)
form a portion of ribosomes
c)
string together complementary RNA and DNA strands
d)
bring amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosomes
19.
What process is going on in this photo? 
a)
Transcription 
b)
Translation 
c)
Replication 
d)
All the above 
20.
What is the three base sequence of mRNA that codes for a single amino acid?
a)
Anticodon
b)
Codon
c)
Protein
21.
Does the order of amino acids in a protein matter?
a)
YES!
b)
NO!
22.

What process is happening in the diagram?

a)

transcription

b)

translation

c)

dna replication

d)

mitosis

23.
A portion of mRNA is coded CUG. The corresponding DNA is coded
a)
GAC
b)
GTC
c)
CTG
d)
CAG
24.
In eukaryotes, molecule 1 is found in
a)
ribosomes
b)
chloroplasts
c)
cytoplasm
d)
the nucleus
25.
Molecule 3 is synthesized in 
a)
ribosomes
b)
chloroplasts
c)
the cell membrane
d)
the nucleus
26.
Which type of RNA delivers the genetic code to the ribosome?
a)
tRNA
b)
mRNA
c)
rRNA
d)
tmRtmRNA
27.
Mutations affect the ________ of a protein. Because of this the proteins ______ is affected as well. 
a)
gene, function 
b)
sequence, gene
c)
shape,function
28.
Why are insertion and deletion mutations so harmful?
a)
They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the line, which changes the amino acid sequence
b)
They insert things that an organism doesn't need.
c)
They often delete things that organisms need.
d)
Insertion and deletions are not any more harmful than substitution mutations.
29.
What do helpful mutations do? 
a)
Increases chances of survival 
b)
Decreases changes of survival 
c)
Increases chances of developing cancer
d)
Decreases skills
30.

The bottom DNA sequence in the image has been altered by this type of mutation

a)

substitution

b)

insertion

c)

deletion

d)

translocation

31.

The bottom DNA sequence in the image has been altered by this type of mutation

a)

substitution

b)

insertion

c)

deletion

d)

translocation

32.

A permanent change in the DNA sequence

which can affect a single gene or group of genes

a)

Homeostasis

b)

Somatic Cell

c)

Chromosomal Mutation

d)

Gene Mutation

33.

Original: ATC CAT

Mutation: ATC GCAT

What mutation occurred?

a)

deletion

b)

insertion

c)

silent

d)

transverse

34.

What type of mutation happens to just one base.

a)

Chromosome mutation

b)

Point mutation

c)

DNA mutation

d)

Deletion mutation

35.

What is it called when a mutation has no effect on the amino acid sequence in the final polypeptide?

a)

Substitution mutation

b)

No mutation

c)

Silent mutation

d)

Replication mutation

36.

What type of chromosomal mutation removes genes and then re-attaches the genes backwards?

a)

Duplication

b)

Inversion

c)

Deletion

d)

Translocation

37.

Number 1 is a:


Number 2 is a:


Number 3 is a:

Separate answers with a comma!

(a)  

38.

Match the following

a)

Helicase

1.

The unzipper

b)

Primase

2.

Tells where to start

c)

DNA Polymerase

3.

Builds the new strand

d)

Ligase

4.

Glues fragments together

39.
DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,
a)
each one with two original strands
b)
each one with two new strands
c)
each one with one new strand and one original strand
d)
one with two new strands and the other with two original strands
40.

Which of the following represents the correct sequence for protein synthesis?

a)

amino acids -> RNA -> protein

b)

DNA -> RNA -> protein

c)

protein -> monosaccharides -> methionine

d)

RNA -> DNA -> protein

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