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WorksheetsAP Psych Unit 2 Cognitive Psych Review
Total questions: 146
Worksheet time: 1hrs 21mins
What is perception?
The process of interpreting sensory information
The process of receiving sensory information
The process of organizing sensory information
The process of creating sensory information
What is the absolute threshold?
The smallest level of stimulus that can be detected at least half the time
The maximum level of stimulus that can be detected at least half the time
The average level of stimulus that can be detected at least half the time
The level of stimulus that can be detected only by a few individuals
What is subliminal messaging?
Signals or messages that are below the threshold of conscious awareness
Signals or messages that are above the threshold of conscious awareness
Signals or messages that are consciously perceived
Signals or messages that are intentionally ignored
What is the difference threshold?
The minimum detectable stimulation difference for a person
The maximum detectable stimulation difference for a person
The average detectable stimulation difference for a person
The detectable stimulation difference for a specific sense
What is bottom-up processing?
Data-driven processing that starts with stimuli
Concept-driven processing that starts with expectations
Processing that combines stimuli and expectations
Processing that ignores stimuli and expectations
What is top-down processing?
Concept-driven processing that starts with expectations
Data-driven processing that starts with stimuli
Processing that combines stimuli and expectations
Processing that ignores stimuli and expectations
What is sensory adaptation?
The process by which our nerve cells become less sensitive to constant stimuli over time
The process by which our nerve cells become more sensitive to constant stimuli over time
The process by which our nerve cells become sensitive to new stimuli over time
The process by which our nerve cells become insensitive to new stimuli over time
What is attentional capture?
The process where a salient stimulus stands out and demands our attention
The process where a subtle stimulus stands out and demands our attention
The process where a salient stimulus blends in and doesn't demand our attention
The process where a subtle stimulus blends in and doesn't demand our attention
What is inattentional blindness?
When a person misses an unexpected object due to their attention being focused on something else
When a person notices an unexpected object due to their attention being focused on something else
When a person misses an expected object due to their attention being focused on something else
When a person notices an expected object due to their attention being focused on something else
What is signal detection theory?
Explains how we make decisions about ambiguous stimuli based on sensory experiences and decision-making strategies
Explains how we make decisions about clear stimuli based on sensory experiences and decision-making strategies
Explains how we make decisions about ambiguous stimuli based on sensory experiences only
Explains how we make decisions about clear stimuli based on sensory experiences only
What is sensory adaptation?
The process by which our nerve cells become less sensitive to constant stimuli over time
The process by which our nerve cells become more sensitive to constant stimuli over time
The process by which our nerve cells become sensitive to new stimuli over time
The process by which our nerve cells become insensitive to new stimuli over time
What is attentional capture?
The process where a salient stimulus stands out and demands our attention
The process where a subtle stimulus stands out and demands our attention
The process where a salient stimulus blends in and doesn't demand our attention
The process where a subtle stimulus blends in and doesn't demand our attention
What is inattentional blindness?
When a person misses an unexpected object due to their attention being focused on something else
When a person notices an unexpected object due to their attention being focused on something else
When a person misses an expected object due to their attention being focused on something else
When a person notices an expected object due to their attention being focused on something else
What is signal detection theory?
Explains how we make decisions about ambiguous stimuli based on sensory experiences and decision-making strategies
Explains how we make decisions about clear stimuli based on sensory experiences and decision-making strategies
Explains how we make decisions about ambiguous stimuli based on sensory experiences only
Explains how we make decisions about clear stimuli based on sensory experiences only
What is sensory adaptation?
The process by which our nerve cells become less sensitive to constant stimuli over time
The process by which our nerve cells become more sensitive to constant stimuli over time
The process by which our nerve cells become sensitive to new stimuli over time
The process by which our nerve cells become insensitive to new stimuli over time
Elaborative memory
How many components does the Multi-store model of memory contain?
1
2
3
4
What action is necessary to transfer information from the short-term memory to the long-term memory?
Attention
Rehearsal
Retrieval
Chunking
Which definition best describes the term 'Schema'?
A process of memory involving the transfer of information to internal mental structures.
A reflection of an object or an event in the mind.
A sequence of actions or events.
A mental representation that influences our knowledge, beliefs and expectations.
The average person can hold in short-term memory a list of
nine items
five items
seven items
eight items
What are the three stages of memory in order?
Sensory memory, long-term memory, short-term memory
Sensory memory, short-term memory, long-term memory
Short-term memory, long-term memory, sensory memory
Long-term memory, short-term memory, sensory memory
Memory in which people recall events in great detail is called
flashbulb memory.
semantic memory.
iconic memory.
implicit memory.
Studying for a test in the same room in which it will be held may result in a better grade because of
iconic memory
state-dependent memory
eidetic memory
context-dependent memory
Which of the following is true?
There is NOT a definite definition of intelligence.
There IS a definite definition of intelligence.
Howard Gardner believe intelligence is more than the ability to think critically.
False
True
Sternberg proposed which of the following theories?
Triarchic Theory
Strength and Talents Theory
Eight Intelligence Theory
G and S Factor Theory
Which of the following is one of Gardner’s types of Intelligences?
Executive Skills
Ethics
Creativity
Musical
How many components does the Multi-store model of memory contain?
1
2
3
4
What action is necessary to transfer information from the short-term memory to the long-term memory?
Attention
Rehearsal
Retrieval
Chunking
Which definition best describes the term 'Schema'?
A process of memory involving the transfer of information to internal mental structures.
A reflection of an object or an event in the mind.
A sequence of actions or events.
A mental representation that influences our knowledge, beliefs and expectations.
The average person can hold in short-term memory a list of
nine items
five items
seven items
eight items
What are the three stages of memory in order?
Sensory memory, long-term memory, short-term memory
Sensory memory, short-term memory, long-term memory
Short-term memory, long-term memory, sensory memory
Long-term memory, short-term memory, sensory memory
Memory in which people recall events in great detail is called
flashbulb memory.
semantic memory.
iconic memory.
implicit memory.
Studying for a test in the same room in which it will be held may result in a better grade because of
iconic memory
state-dependent memory
eidetic memory
context-dependent memory
Which of the following is true?
There is NOT a definite definition of intelligence.
There IS a definite definition of intelligence.
Howard Gardner believe intelligence is more than the ability to think critically.
False
True
Sternberg proposed which of the following theories?
Triarchic Theory
Strength and Talents Theory
Eight Intelligence Theory
G and S Factor Theory
Which of the following is one of Gardner’s types of Intelligences?
Executive Skills
Ethics
Creativity
Musical
7 + or - 2 refers to
a good score on a divergent thinking test
how long something can be held in short term memory
how many items can be stored in short term memory
the distribution of intelligence scores
What action is necessary to transfer information from the short-term memory to the long-term memory?
Attention
Rehearsal
Retrieval
Chunking
During the test, Donovan really has to use the restroom. It makes it difficult for him to focus on his test. What concept is this?
State Dependent Memory
Interference
Feature Extraction
Selective Attention
Preserves brief sensory impression for a fraction of a second.
Studying for a test in the same room in which it will be held may result in a better grade because of
iconic memory
state-dependent memory
echoic memory
context-dependent memory
Anthony has spent all day interviewing candidates for a position as supervisor in his factory. Which candidates is he most likely to rememberwhen it comes time to make his decision?
The first few and the last few
The ones who gave the most relevant responses to his quesitons
The ones that fit his prototype of a supervisor
Those that seem most intelligent
Divergent thinking
Prospective processing
Feature extraction
Memory of something that wa deliberately learned or recalled.
What is the memory process that locates stored information and returns it to consciousness?
retrieval
encoding
storage
interference
If you are having trouble learning new information because old information is getting in the way, we call this concept_________interference
retroactive
anterograde
savings
proactive
General knowledge that is not tied to personal events or the time when the information was learned.
procedural
episodic
semantic
misinformation
A memory of something that was NOT deliberately learned or recalled.
Which of the following illustrates an algorithm?
Walking straight to the back of the grocery store because that is usually where they keep the milk
Using online reviews to determine if a restaurant has good food
Walking up and down every aisle until you find a gallon of milk at the grocery store
Getting dinner at a buffet because it is the first restaurant that comes to mind when your friend asks where you want to eat
What is a mental set?
A belief that we are able to improve and grow
A tendency to search for information that supports our preconceptions
A tendency to approach a problem in one particular way
An interference with problem solving
Prototypes are:
A typical member of a category or mental grouping.
a specific method for solving a problem.
the ways words are arranged to make sentences.
an algorithim.
The belief that one's own expertise is better than other relevant information.
phonemes
representative heuristics
overconfidence bias
mental set
Continuing to believe in a matter despite contrary evidence to the fact is:
belief perserverance
heuristic
mental set
framing
This form of thinking consists of a free flow of ideas with no particular plan involved.
convergent
(directed thinking)
overconfidence bias
fluid intelligence
divergent
(non-directed thinking)
Because she believes that boys are naughtier than girls, Mrs. Vedder, a second-grade teacher, watches boys more closely than she watches girls for any signs of misbehavior. Mrs. Vedder's surveillance strategy best illustrates ___________.
Availability Heuristic
Confirmation Bias
The Representativeness Heuristic
The Framing Effect
Which of the following questions would be more likely to produce divergent thinking?
“What is a stapler?”
“How do you spell stapler?”
“How many uses can you think of for a stapler?
“What does a stapler look like?”
Ms. Jones sold more raffle tickets when she told potential buyers they had a 10% chance of winning a prize hat when she told them they had a 90% chance of not winning. Which of the following concepts does this example demonstrate?
Representativeness Heuristic
Belief Perseverance
Framing Effect
Availability Heuristic
What is a heuristic?
A process of trying out different solutions until one works
A methodical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a problem
A thinking strategy that allows us to make judgments and solve problems efficiently
A sudden and often novel realization of the solution to a problem
After watching the movie "Soul Surfer" in which a young woman gets her arm bitten off by a shark, Desiree refuses to swim in the ocean because she is sure sharks must surely be nearby. This is an example of a(an)...
representative heuristic
concept
confirmation bias
availability heuristic
Noam Chomsky believed which of the following about language?
Children are born with the ability to acquire language
Children must be talked to often in order to acquire language
Children learn language through reinforcement
The learning of language depends on the environment of the child
How many phonemes does the word “candy” have?
4
2
1
5
Within a normal distribution, what percent of the population will fall between 85 and 115 on an IQ test?
68%
95%
99.7%
32%
Melinda completed the SAT when she applied for college but she wasn't happy with her score. Six months later, she took the test again to see if she could do better. The fact that her second score was almost the same as her first suggests that the test probably has a high degree of...
Content Validity
Reliability
Predictive Validity
Standardization
After learning about his low score on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Draco complained, “I don't believe that test is a measure of intelligence at all.” Draco’s statement is equivalent to saying that the WAIS lacks ___________.
Validity
Standardization
Reliability
A Normal Distribution
On the way home from work, a huge accident is blocking your normal route. You decide to take a different way. What type of intelligence enables you to figure out how to get home?
Multiple intelligence
Crystallized intelligence
Emotional intelligence
Fluid intelligence
What explains why IQ scores have been consistently increasing over time?
Cohorts
Confabulation
Flynn Effect
Universal Grammar
