Worksheets24-25 Psych Test (Learning)
Total questions: 42
Worksheet time: 22mins
What type of learning did Ivan Pavlov's experiments with dogs help to uncover?
operant conditioning
modeling
classical conditioning
latent learning
In what way does classical conditioning benefit animals and humans?
It helps them adapt to their environment and/or regulate previous fears.
It helps them learn complex or difficult tasks.
It helps them learn by watching others.
It helps them modify their behavior.
What conclusion did E. C. Tolman draw from his experiments with rats?
that the Skinner box worked
how classical conditioning works
the effectiveness of negative reinforcement
that reinforcement is not always necessary for learning
Which scenario is an example of negative reinforcement?
A person who is hungry will work for food
Someone who becomes too warm in the sun moves into the shade
Children receive points for earning good grades and the points can be exchanged for snacks
Star athletes who do not achieve the required grades are removed from the team
Which of the following terms is synonymous with 'mental picture'?
cognitive map
modeling
preview
none of the above
What type of stimulus promotes a behavior by fulfilling an organism's essential biological needs?
observational learning
personal contract
token economy
primary reinforcer
generalization
What is the term for a behavior modification strategy where an individual sets personal goals and establishes a reward system to promote desired behaviors?
observational learning
personal contract
token economy
primary reinforcer
generalization
Which principle explains that behaviors leading to positive outcomes are more likely to be repeated, while those leading to negative outcomes are less likely to recur?
Law of Effect
Law of Classical Conditioning
Law of Latent Learning
Law of Operant Behavior
What is the behavior modification technique that rewards individuals for appropriate actions?
observational learning
personal contract
token economy
primary reinforcer
generalization
Which type of learning involves modeling behavior?
observational learning
personal contract
token economy
primary reinforcer
generalization
What is the term for reacting similarly to different stimuli that appear alike, as demonstrated by Little Albert's response to anything white and fluffy?
observational learning
personal contract
token economy
primary reinforcer
generalization
What is the technique called where a person is gradually exposed to a non-threatening stimulus until their fear is reduced?
flooding
latent learning
shaping
negative
What is the term for a type of learning where knowledge remains hidden until it is required?
flooding
latent learning
shaping
negative
Which type of reinforcer increases the likelihood of a behavior by being removed after the behavior occurs?
flooding
latent learning
shaping
negative
What is something in the environment that can trigger a reaction from someone?
Acquisition
Stimulus
Classical Conditioning
Reinforcement
Punishment
What is the term for the process of creating a learned response to a stimulus?
Acquisition
Stimulus
Classical Conditioning
Reinforcement
Punishment
What is the term for a consequence that reduces the likelihood of a behavior being repeated?
Acquisition
Stimulus
Classical Conditioning
Reinforcement
Punishment
What is the process called when a neutral stimulus is paired with a stimulus that naturally triggers a response?
Acquisition
Stimulus
Classical Conditioning
Reinforcement
Punishment
What is the term for a consequence that increases the likelihood of a behavior being repeated?
Acquisition
Stimulus
Classical Conditioning
Reinforcement
Punishment
What is the term for the reduction or disappearance of a learned behavior?
Operant Conditioning
Response
Observational Learning
Spontaneous Recovery
Extinction
What is the term for a conditioned response that reappears after a period of rest?
Operant Conditioning
Response
Observational Learning
Spontaneous Recovery
Extinction
What type of learning involves a behavior's frequency being influenced by the consequences that follow it?
Operant Conditioning
Response
Observational Learning
Spontaneous Recovery
Extinction
What is the term for acquiring knowledge by observing others?
Operant Conditioning
Response
Observational Learning.
Spontaneous Recovery
Extinction
Which term describes a behavior or action?
Operant Conditioning
Response
Observational Learning
Spontaneous Recovery
Extinction
What method would Ivan Pavlov use to eliminate the conditioned response in his dogs?
Reinforce the behavior he wants to eliminate with more food (UCS)
Consistently ring the bell (conditioned stimulus) without providing food (unconditioned stimulus)
Present the food and the bell simultaneously to the dogs repeatedly
Provide the dogs with food (UCS) 30 seconds after the bell (CS) rings
In John Watson’s “Little Albert” experiment, why did Albert develop a fear of all furry and white objects?
Discrimination
Extinction
Generalization
Acquisition
How does operant conditioning fundamentally differ from classical conditioning?
Operant conditioning uses a system of rewards and punishments to shape behavior, while classical conditioning is based on learning through association.
Operant conditioning occurs before the response, whereas classical conditioning occurs after the response.
Operant conditioning is learned through association, while classical conditioning is learned through reinforcement.
Classical conditioning is a part of social cognitive learning, whereas operant conditioning relies on reinforcements.
Alfred Bandura showed that people learn by watching others and copying their actions. What is this process called?
Classical Conditioning
Modeling
Reinforcement
Operant Conditioning
Which statement best describes Edward Thorndike's law of effect?
Actions that are reinforced with an uncontrolled stimulus are acquired faster.
Receiving reinforcement every time a person performs an action, or continuous reinforcement, will increase the likelihood that the person will continue that behavior.
The stimuli of food and water are satisfying, but require no learning.
Actions that lead to positive outcomes are more likely to be repeated than those with negative outcomes.
Vanessa enjoyed her sushi meal, but later felt very sick. Now, she associates sushi with that unpleasant experience. What is the unconditioned response in this scenario?
Sickness
Sushi
The Restaurant
Being asked to eat sushi
Grace managed to overcome her fear of the dentist, but when she learns she needs a root canal, her old fears resurface, causing her to panic on the way to the appointment. What psychological phenomenon does this illustrate?
Generalization
Spontaneous recovery
Observational learning
Operant conditioning
Who is known for placing animals in boxes to receive rewards for specific behaviors?
Ivan Pavlov
Albert Bandura
John B. Watson
B.F. Skinner
Which researcher's work is associated with the method of gradually exposing a person to a harmless stimulus until they are no longer afraid of it?
E.L Thorndike
Albert Bandura
John B. Watson
B.F. Skinner
Who used Bobo dolls to show that children imitate the actions they observe, particularly those of adults?
E.L Thorndike
Albert Bandura
John B. Watson
B.F. Skinner
Who is the psychologist famous for formulating the Law of Effect and using puzzle boxes to explore animal learning?
E.L Thorndike
Albert Bandura
John B. Watson
B.F. Skinner
Which of the following situations best illustrates Negative Punishment?
A teacher assigns extra homework to a student for talking during class.
A boss lets employees leave early for completing their tasks on time.
A parent confiscates a teenager’s video game console after they miss curfew.
A dog gets a treat for sitting on command.
The theory suggests that exposure to violent movies and video games may lead to increased aggressive behavior. What is this theory called?
Latent Learning
Classical Conditioning
Observational Learning
Negative Reinforcements
A student is allowed to take a break every fifteen minutes while doing homework at night. What type of reinforcement schedule does this represent?
Fixed-interval
Fixed-ratio
Variable-interval
Variable-ratio
In class, the professor rings a bell whenever she offers a treat to her dog, Max. Max naturally starts salivating at the sight of the treat. What does the dog demonstrate when he starts salivating?
Unconditioned Response
Operant Conditioning
Social Learning
Habitation
What is classical conditioning?
A type of learning that involves the formation of an association between a neutral stimulus and a stimulus that naturally elicits a response
Who first described classical conditioning?
What is the conditioned response in classical conditioning
A response that is elicited by the conditioned stimulus
