The design should suit its intended environment and user.

• Example: A high-end luxury car design needs to prioritise looks, performance, and technology to appeal to wealthy buyers, while a budget-friendly car design should focus on durability, fuel efficiency, and affordability.

Design must perform its intended task effectively.

• Example: In designing a smartphone, functionality would include fast processing speed, user-friendly interface, long battery life, and high-quality camera.

Evaluate environmental impact from production to disposal.

• Example: In designing a consumer appliance (like a refrigerator), you would need to consider energy consumption during use, ease of repair or recycling at the end of its life, and the materials used in construction.

The visual appeal of the product is key for user satisfaction.

• Example: Apple products are often praised for their minimalist, elegant designs, which prioritise simplicity, clean lines, and high-quality materials, making them visually attractive and desirable to consumers.

Budget constraints affect materials, manufacturing methods, and overall design.

• Example: A designer working on a low-cost product, such as affordable footwear, must consider cost-effective materials and production methods without compromising on quality or functionality.

Design must consider future relevance and avoid becoming outdated.

• Example: A smartphone might become obsolete after a few years due to newer models with better features. Designers often plan for their product becoming outdated by making devices upgradable or by offering continued software support.

Design with sustainability in mind to reduce environmental impact.

• Example: Designing a sustainable packaging that uses recycled or biodegradable materials and is easy to recycle after use helps minimise the environmental impact of product packaging.

The durability and reliability of a design contribute to user satisfaction.

• Example: In designing sports equipment like a basketball, the material quality, durability, and performance factors such as grip and bounce are all vital to ensure a high-quality product.

Design must ensure safety and protect the well-being of users.

• Example: The design of construction tools like a hammer must ensure a secure grip, prevent accidents, and minimise physical strain to avoid injury to workers. Similarly, ergonomic office furniture is designed to prevent repetitive strain injuries or back pain.

Design for comfort and ease of use to minimise strain and discomfort.

• Example: The design of an office chair with adjustable height, lumbar support, and swivel capability is a necessary consideration to ensure comfort and prevent back strain during long hours of use.