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Unit II Review Test (Final Exam)

Total questions: 74

Worksheet time: 52mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which type of rock is formed by the cooling and solidification of magma or lava?

a)

Sedimentary Rock

b)

Igneous Rock

c)

Metamorphic Rock

d)

Regolith

2.

What is the process called when water removes soluble substances from the soil?

a)

Erosion

b)

Leaching

c)

Weathering

d)

Compaction

3.

Identify the boundary where two tectonic plates slide past one another.

a)

Divergent Plate Boundary

b)

Convergent Plate Boundary

c)

Transform Plate Boundary

d)

Subduction Zone

4.

Which of the following is a fast-moving current of hot gas and volcanic material?

a)

Lava Flow

b)

Pyroclastic Flow

c)

Ash Cloud

d)

Caldera

5.

What is the term for the vertical elevation of Earth's surface due to tectonic forces?

a)

Erosion

b)

Uplift

c)

Subsidence

d)

Deposition

6.

Which process involves the physical breaking of rocks into smaller pieces without changing their chemical composition?

a)

Chemical Weathering

b)

Mechanical Weathering

c)

Hydrolysis

d)

Frost Wedging

7.

What is the term for the solid rock beneath soil and loose sediments?

a)

Regolith

b)

Bedrock

c)

Topsoil

d)

Parent Material

8.

Which layer of Earth is composed of silicate rocks and lies between the crust and core?

a)

Lithosphere

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

9.

What is the term for the process by which one tectonic plate is forced beneath another?

a)

Subduction

b)

Convection

c)

Ridge Push

d)

Slab Pull

10.

Which landform is characterized as a flat, elevated area that rises sharply above the surrounding area?

a)

Valley

b)

Plateau

c)

Mountain Range

d)

Barrier Island

11.

What is the process of sediment being pressed together under pressure called?

a)

Cementation

b)

Compaction

c)

Crystallization

d)

Solidification

12.

Which of the following is a community of interacting organisms and their physical environment?

a)

Ecosystem

b)

Biosphere

c)

Geosphere

d)

Hydrosphere

13.

What is the term for a digital or physical recreation of a natural process?

a)

Model

b)

Simulation

c)

Prediction

d)

Data Interpretation

14.

Which instrument is used to record vibrations from earthquakes?

a)

Seismograph

b)

Barometer

c)

Anemometer

d)

Thermometer

15.

What is the process called when minerals form as molten rock cools?

a)

Melting

b)

Crystallization

c)

Sedimentation

d)

Erosion

16.

What is the term for the process by which rocks are broken down by chemical reactions?

a)

Physical Erosion

b)

Biological Weathering

c)

Chemical Weathering

d)

Mechanical Weathering

17.

Which type of boundary is formed when two tectonic plates move away from each other?

a)

Subduction Zone

b)

Divergent Plate Boundary

c)

Transform Plate Boundary

d)

Convergent Plate Boundary

18.

What is the name of the process where sediment is transported by wind, water, or ice?

a)

Weathering

b)

Compaction

c)

Erosion

d)

Deposition

19.

What is the term for the process by which rocks are transformed into new types through heat and pressure?

a)

Metamorphism

b)

Crystallization

c)

Weathering

d)

Erosion

20.

Which type of rock is formed from the accumulation and compaction of mineral and organic particles?

a)

Igneous Rock

b)

Metamorphic Rock

c)

Volcanic Rock

d)

Sedimentary Rock

21.

What is the name of the process where tectonic plates move towards each other and collide?

a)

Transform Boundary

b)

Convergent Boundary

c)

Divergent Boundary

d)

Subduction Zone

22.

What is the term for the process by which sediment settles out of water or wind?

a)

Deposition

b)

Erosion

c)

Compaction

d)

Weathering

23.

Which type of rock is formed under extreme heat and pressure conditions?

a)

Igneous Rock

b)

Sedimentary Rock

c)

Metamorphic Rock

d)

Volcanic Rock

24.

What is the term for the layer of gases surrounding Earth?

a)

Hydrosphere

b)

Atmosphere

c)

Geosphere

d)

Biosphere

25.

What is the term for the process by which water vapor turns into liquid water?

a)

Evaporation

b)

Condensation

c)

Precipitation

d)

Transpiration

26.

Which layer of the Earth is primarily composed of iron and nickel?

a)

Outer Core

b)

Inner Core

c)

Crust

d)

Mantle

27.

What is the term for the process by which plants release water vapor into the atmosphere?

a)

Evaporation

b)

Condensation

c)

Transpiration

d)

Infiltration

28.

What is the term for the process by which water vapor turns into liquid water?

a)

Transpiration

b)

Precipitation

c)

Condensation

d)

Evaporation

29.

Which type of rock is primarily formed from the remains of plants and animals?

a)

Metamorphic Rock

b)

Igneous Rock

c)

Volcanic Rock

d)

Sedimentary Rock

30.

What is the term for the movement of tectonic plates caused by the flow of the mantle?

a)

Slab Pull

b)

Subduction

c)

Convection

d)

Ridge Push

31.
What are the 3 major types of rocks?
a)
Igneous, Metamorphic, Sedimentary
b)
Metamorphic, Igneous, Cementation
c)
Brown, Red, Gray
d)
Streak, Hardness, Breakage
32.

These rocks take the longest to form.

a)

Igneous

b)

Dwayne

c)

Sedimentary

d)

Metamorphic

33.

Describe the rock in the previous 3D model.

This is granite, a type of igneous rock.

4 lines
34.

Describe the rock in the previous 3D model.

This is limestone, a type of sedimentary rock.

How is it different from the granite you explored?

4 lines
35.

Which type of rock was the first to exist on the planet?

a)

igneous

b)

sedimentary

c)

metamorphic

36.

What are the three major types of rocks?

a)

Igneous, Metamorphic, Sedimentary

b)

Metamorphic, Igneous, Cementation

c)

Brown, Red, Gray

d)

Streak, Hardness, Breakage

37.

Which of the following would be a clue that a rock is igneous?

a)

It has crystals.

b)

It has a complete fossil in it.

c)

It has bands.

d)

It is very soft.

38.

What has MOST LIKELY caused a change in the soil in the wheat field shown?

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

d)

All of the Above

39.

Which statement describes the porosity of these samples?

a)

Porosity is Equal

b)

B has the most Porosity

c)

C has the most Porosity

d)

A has the most Porosity

40.

What is the main component of soil that supports plant growth?

a)

Sand

b)

Clay

c)

Silt

d)

Organic matter

41.

Who classifies soil according to the most appropriate use? Requires bachelor’s degree (4 yr).

a)

Soil Conservationist

b)

Soil Scientist

c)

Silviculturist

d)

Forestry Consultant

42.

What is the primary cause of soil erosion?

a)

Plant growth

b)

Animal activities

c)

Human construction

d)

Water and wind

43.

What is the primary role of decomposers in the soil?

a)

To increase soil aeration

b)

To break down organic matter

c)

To bind soil particles together

d)

To transport nutrients deeper into the soil

44.
What type of plate boundary is this?
a)
Plate
b)
Divergent
c)
Convergent
d)
Transform
45.

Most geologists think that the movement of Earth’s plates is caused by _______

a)

convection.

b)

continental drift.

c)

subduction.

d)

conduction.

46.
Formed by heat and pressure
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Metamorphic
c)
Extrusive Igneous
d)
Intrusive Igneous
47.
Formed by weathering & erosion
a)
magma
b)
sediments
c)
sedimentary rock
d)
intrusive igneous
48.

What is letter G?

a)

Heat and pressure

b)

Cooling

c)

Deposition, Compaction, Cementation

d)

Weathering and erosion

49.

What is the process of sediment being glued together?

a)

compaction

b)

construction

c)

cementation

d)

caption

50.

A model showing the processes that create and change rock.

a)

Water Cycle

b)

Carbon Cycle

c)

Rock Cycle

d)

Nitrogen Cycle

51.

This is a mountain made of igneous rock, can it be convert into sediments?

a)

Yes, because every sediment is made of igneous rock

b)

No, because mantle needs to be heated up at 700C to 1300C to create sediments

c)

Sediments are created by both igneous and sedimentary rock after they subduct and uplifted

d)

Yes, any rock type when exposed to Sun's energy can be converted to sediments

52.

What is the process of sediment being buried and pressed together?

a)

compaction

b)

caption

c)

cementation

d)

concoction

53.

What natural force is most likely responsible for the formation of the narrow passage through the cliffs in the picture?

a)

Blowing wind eroded the soil

b)

Flowing water eroded the soil

c)

Ocean waves deposited soil

d)

Gravity moved and deposited soil

54.
The diagrams  shows a natural process that weathers rock.
 Which statement best explains why this process results in weathering?
a)
frozen water acts as a solute
b)
water expands when it freezes
c)
the mass of water increases when it freezes
d)
frozen water dissolves most types of rock
55.
A cliff formed near the ocean.  Which statement best describes how this cliff formed?
a)
Warm air melted the rock.
b)
Sun rays evaporated the rock.
c)
Ocean waves washed away rock.
d)
Plant roots pushed away the rock.
56.
The process when rocks break into smaller pieces due to exposure to natural elements is called
a)
erosion
b)
weathering
c)
sediments
d)
deposition
57.

Weathering is the breaking down of rock into ___________.

a)

boulders

b)

sediment

c)

ice

d)

mountains

58.

The dropping off of sediments in a new place is called __________.

a)

weathering

b)

deposition

c)

sedimentary rock

d)

drop off zone

59.

Which of the following is NOT a cause of weathering, erosion, and deposition?

a)

Wind

b)

ice

c)

fire

d)

water

60.

What is sediment?

a)

bits of rock, sand, and silt caused by the weathering of rocks

b)

decaying plant or animal material

c)

the process of rocks being broken down and carried away

d)

the top layer of the soil

61.

Weathering can have which of the following effects in Texas?

a)

Sediment reaching the coast

b)

Building of mountains in west Texas

c)

Breaking down of rocks such as at Enchanted Rock

d)

All the above

62.

Weathering, Erosion, and Deposition are examples of ________ changes in the Earth's surface.

a)

Fast

b)

Very fast

c)

Super fast

d)

slow

63.

How does freezing water cause the weathering of rocks? The freezing water—

a)

keeps the rocks in place

b)

makes the rocks last longer

c)

causes rocks to fall in landslides

d)

expands cracks and breaks rocks

64.

______________ occurs when water seeps into the cracks of rocks and expands when it freezes.

a)

Icing

b)

Wedging

c)

Expansion

d)

Ice Wedging

65.

Ice wedging is an example of -

a)

Physical weathering

b)

Chemical weathering

c)

Both physical AND chemical weathering

66.

Sand dunes can be viewed in the picture. What is the best way to simulate the formation of sand dunes?

a)

Use a hair dryer to blow sand into piles showing how wind can deposit sand in new locations.

b)

Use ice to move sand from one place to another the way that a glacier would on the earth's surface.

c)

Use water and sand to show how water can move sand from one place to another through the process of erosion.

d)

Use sand and a shaky table to show how earthquakes can move parts of the earths surface.

67.

Which of the following features would be most affected by weathering?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

68.

What is pictured in the diagram?

a)

canyon

b)

fault

c)

tornado

d)

volcano

69.

Florida's Atlantic coastline is located along the eastern boundary of the state.

Which of the following best describes a coastline?

a)

a wide, flat area of land

b)

a high, rolling area of land

c)

a place where land meets an ocean

d)

an area of land surrounded by water

70.
How have the rocks been disturbed?
a)
tilting
b)
folding
c)
faulting
d)
igneous intrusion
71.

When wind, water, or ice deposit materials in a location, this is known as:

a)

Erosion

b)

Weathering

c)

Deposition

d)

Moving Around

72.

Water getting into cracks, freezing, and breaking the rocks or pavement apart is...

a)

Erosion

b)

Weathering

73.

Which process is mostly responsible for the breaking down of the rock cliff into sand-sized sediment?

a)

faulting

b)

weathering

c)

precipitation

d)

metamorphosis

74.

What could have caused this rock formation to form?

a)

wind

b)

ice

c)

water

d)

both wind and water

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