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WorksheetsNuclear
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 25mins
Isobars are atomic nuclei having:
The same number of nucleons
The same number of protons
The same number of neutrons
The same bonding energy of nucleons in the nucleus.
The same specific bond energy.
Photon energy
E=hv
Е=wс
Е=w^2с^2
Е=m2^u^2/2
E=kz^2е^2/r
The core radius is about:
10^-13 cm.
10^-5 cm.
1 nm.
10‾¹¹ cm.
10^-10 cm.
The total energy of the nucleus:
E=mяc^2
🔼E=🔼mc^2
E=mAc^2
E=(Zmp+Zmn)c^2
E=(Zmp+Amn)c^2
The stability of the nucleus is determined by:
The value of specific bond energy.
Charge number.
Mass number.
The number of neutrons in the nucleus.
Core sizes.
Even-even cores are cores:
With an even number of protons and an even number of neutrons.
With an even number of nucleons.
With an even number of protons and odd neutrons.
With an even number of neutrons.
With an odd number of neutrons and an even mass number.
Core binding energy:
🔼E=🔼mc^2
E=mяc^2
E=mAc^2
E=(Zmp+Zmn)c^2
E=(Zmp+Amn)c^2
The following nuclear substance has the highest density:
The density of nuclear matter is the same for all nuclei.
Light cores.
Heavy cores.
Medium cores.
Magic” cores.
The mass defect of the atomic nucleus is determined by the difference:
The mass of the nucleus and the sum of the masses of the nucleons.
The mass of the atom and the mass of the nucleus.
Masses of the nucleus and masses of protons.
The masses of nucleons and the mass of the atom.
The mass of neutrons in the nucleus and the mass of the nucleus.
Isotopes of the same element differ from each other:
The number of neutrons in the nucleus.
The number of protons in the nucleus.
By the number of electrons in the atom.
The structure of the electron shells.
Chemical properties.
Statistics is uniquely determined:
Spin
Orbital quantum number.
Magnetic quantum number
The sign of the particle wave function.
The energy of the particle.
The electric quadrupole moment of the nucleus characterizes:
The shape of the core.
The distribution of the electric charge in the core.
The value of the electric charge of the nucleus.
Core size.
Quantum-mechanical properties of the nucleus.
Isotopically invariant particles have:
The same "nuclear activity".
Identical electric charges.
The same back.
Same energies.
The same mass.
Internal parity have:
Particles with nonzero rest mass.
Particles with zero rest mass.
Fermions
Bosons
Classic particles
Magnetic moments of nuclei with zero spin
Equal to zero
Have the order of a nuclear magneton
Have the order of the Bohr magneton
Equal 2.79
Constitute (-1.91)
The spin of any nucleus in the steady state does not exceed:
9/2
15/2
7/2
5
13/2
Level 1d 5/2 due to spin-orbit interaction splits into:
6 states.
5 states
7 states
8 states.
10 states.
When the 1p1/2 -shell of the nucleus is completely filled with nucleons, a nucleus appears:
¹⁶₈O
¹²₆C
⁸₄Be
¹⁰₂Ne
¹⁴₇N
According to the droplet core model, the octupole quantum has the following characteristics:
J=2⁺
J=2⁻
J=3⁺
J=3⁻
J=4⁺
Based on the formula of Weizsäcker, the probability of nuclear fission is determined by the ratio:
the coulomb energy of the nucleus to the energy of the surface tension.
the surface tension energy to the bulk energy of the nucleus.
the energies of the symmetry of the nuclei to the energy of the pairing of nucleons.
coulomb energy of the nucleus to bulk energy.
volumetric energy to the coulomb energy of the nucleus.
As a result of the complete filling of -shell nucleons, a nucleus is formed:
20
40 Ca
¹²₆C
⁸₄Be
²⁰₁₀Ne
¹⁴₇N
The static core model was created by:
Rutherford.
Zeeman
N. Bor.
Wilson
J. Thomson
According to the droplet core model, each quadrupole quantum has:
> the moment j = 2 and positive parity.
the moment j = 2 and negative parity.
the moment j = 3 and negative parity.
the moment j = 4 and positive parity.
moment j = 1 and negative parity.
The third neutron-proton shell is completely filled with:
20 different nucleons.
16 different nucleons.
17 different nucleons.
18 different nucleons.
19 different nucleons.
Between the half-life Т1/2, the constant decay l and the average lifetime t of the radioactive nucleus, there is a connection:
T½=τ*ln2=ln2/λ
T½=λ*ln/τ
T½=τ/λ*ln2
T½=λ*ln2/λ
T½=λ*λ*ln2
23892 U after a-decay and two β⁻ -decays is converted into an:
23492 U isotope.
23288Ra isotope.
23490 Th isotope.
24292 Pu isotope.
24496 Cm isotope.
What substance does 21081 Tl turn into after three consecutive β--decays and one a-decay:
in lead 20682Pb
in radon 21786 Rn
in osmium 20376 Os
in mercury 20380 Hg
in platinum20078 Pt
Which of the elements below does not apply to transuranium elements:
23191Pa
23793N
2571
2
2
The sample contains 1000 radioactive nuclei with a Т1/2 half-life. How many atoms will decompose after 0.5 Т1/2:
250
100
500
200
750
What percentage of a radioactive sample decays over its lifetime of t:
63,2%
50%
100%
25%
90%
The half-life of 226Ra is 5,1×1010 с. What is the decay constant l:
1,36×10-11 s-1..
0,693 s
6,7×10-9 s
1,36×1011 s.
5,1×10-10 s-1
The law of conservation of energy for a-decay looks like
AZMc2=[A-4Z-2M+42m]c2+Ta+Tяо
AZMc2=[A-4Z-2M+42m]c2
AZMc2+[A-4Z-2M+42m]c2=Ta+Tяо
AZMc2=Ta+Tяо
[A-4Z-2M+42m]c2=Ta+Tяо+AZMc2
The energy condition of the possibility of spontaneous a–decay:
AZM≥A-4Z-2M+42 He
AZM=A-4Z-2M+42 He
AZM≤A-4Z-2M+42 He
A-4Z-2M=AZM+42He
A-4Z-2M≤AZM+42He
A common property of all b-spectra is:
smoothness and availability of the maximum energy em of the spectrum break.
discreteness.
continuity.
the presence of the maximum energy em, on which the spectrum terminates.
complexity and discreteness.
β--decay of the radioactive core AZX is described by the expression:
AZX→AZ+1X+e-+⊽
AZX→AZ-1X+e-+v
AZX→AZ+1X+e++⊽
AZX→AZ-1X+e-+⊽
AZX→AZ+1X+e++v
The core AZX as a result of β+-decay turns into an isobaric nucleus in accordance with the scheme:
AZX→Z-1XA+e++ν
AZX→Z+1XA+e++ν
AZX→Z+1XA+e-+ν
AZX→Z-1XA+e-+ν
AZX→Z-1XA+e++⊽
When β- - decay of radioactive nuclei:
A does not change, Z is increased by 1.
And decreases by 1, Z does not change
A increases by 1, Z does not change
A does not change, Z decreases by 1
A and Z are changed to 1.
When β+- decay of radioactive nuclei:
A does not change, Z decreases by 1.
A does not change, Z is increased by 1.
And decreases by 1, Z does not change.
A increases by 1, Z does not change.
A and Z are changed to 1.
The logarithm of the activity of a mixture of radioactive isotopes consisting of two components N1 and N2 with decay constants l1 and l2 is determined by the expression:
ln=(-dn/dt)=ln(N1λ1)e-λ1t+ln(λ2N2)e-λ2t
ln=(-dn/dt)=ln(N1λ1)eλ1t-ln(N2λ2)eλ2t
ln=(-dn/dt)=ln(λ1N2)e-λ1t+ln(λ2N1)e-λ2t
ln=(-dn/dt)=ln(N1λ1)e-λ1t-ln(λ2N2)eλ2t
ln=(-dn/dt)=ln(N1λ1)eλ1t+ln(N2λ2)eλ2t
Plasma:
> Quasi-neutral system consisting of positive and negative free particles.
Consists of only neutral particles.
Consists only of Bose particles.
A system consisting of particles whose energy distribution is determined by the Bose-Einstein distribution function.
A system consisting of particles whose energy distribution is determined by the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution function.
Plasma is a system:
Particles of which are subject to Coulomb interaction.
The interaction of particles of which is determined by quantum laws.
A system consisting of particles whose spins are determined by the expression nħ (n is an integer).
Particles whose energy distribution obeys the Bose-Einstein law.
Particles whose energy distribution is described by the Fermi-Dirac function.
For plasma electrons, the following statement is true:
The probability of electron scattering on ions is determined by the effective cross section.
Their interaction is determined by quantum laws.
The electron energy obeys the Bose-Einstein law.
Electron mobility is determined by spin moments.
The average electron temperature is determined by the magnitude of the total spin moment.
A force acting on a charged particle moving in a uniform magnetic field:
Lorentz.
Archimedes.
Inertia.
Electromotive.
Magnetmode.
In plasma:
Electric current occurs under the action of an electric field.
The interaction of electrons and ions is determined by their quantum properties.
The energy distribution of electrons obeys the Bose-Einstein law.
Electron mobility is determined by spin moments.
The average electron temperature is determined by the magnitude of the total angular momentum.
The element of the periodic table similar to the alpha particle
helium
>hydrogen
oxygen
argon
carbon
The unit of measurement of the absorbed dose:
>Gy
J/m2
> J
eV
It is related to the ability of a photon beam to ionize the air:
Exposure dose
Kerma
Absorbed dose
Energy fluence
Radiant energy
A more general quantity that is recommended for dosimeter calibration purposes:
Kerma
Exposure dose
Absorbed dose
Energy fluence
Who discovered the phenomenon of natural radioactivity?
The phenomenon of natural radioactivity was discovered by Henri Becquerel in 1896.( нақты емес тапқан ответім осы)
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Who discovered the phenomenon of artificial radioactivity?
The phenomenon of artificial radioactivity was discovered by Irène Joliot-Curie and Frédéric Joliot-Curie in 1934.
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