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24 Q E Biology PE

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 50mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

In a family tree, the dominant trait, curly hair, is represented by shaded symbols while straight hair is not shaded. The genotype of the non-shaded individuals, like Emma and Rohan, would be...

a)

Both are homozygous dominant (CC).

b)

Both are homozygous recessive (cc).

c)

Both are heterozygous (Cc)

d)

The male is homozygous dominant; the female is homozygous recessive.

2.

Rowan is conducting a plant experiment with pea plants. In the F1 generation of a monohybrid cross (Ss x Ss), the phenotypic ratio of tall to short plants would be:

a)

3:1

b)

2:2

c)

1:1

d)

1:1:2

3.
The pedigree chart below is for a family, some of whose members exhibit the recessive trait, wooly hair. Affected individuals are indicated by an open (non-shaded) square or circle. Use the chart to answer the following questions. What is the genotype of individual B-5?
a)
WW
b)
Ww
c)
ww
d)
WW or ww
e)
ww or Ww
4.

Aria is studying genetics and learns that tallness (T) is dominant to dwarfness (t), while red (R) flower color is dominant to white (r). The heterozygous condition (incomplete dominance) results in pink (Rr) flower color. She crosses a dwarf, red snapdragon with a plant homozygous for tallness and white flowers. What are the genotype and phenotype of the F1 individuals?

a)

ttRr - dwarf and pink

b)

ttrr - dwarf and white

c)

TtRr - tall and red

d)

TtRr - tall and pink

e)

TTRR - tall and red

5.

Evelyn is conducting a genetic experiment with plants. She notes the genetic traits of the seeds as follows: L = long, l = short, W = wrinkled, w = smooth. Which of the following is the genotype for a plant with short, wrinkled seeds?

a)

llWw

b)

LLWW

c)

LlWw

d)

llww

6.

Benjamin learned in his biology class that genetic disorders occur because of ________________ (changes) that can happen in DNA copying.

a)

mutation

b)

transcription

c)

translation

d)

conversion

7.

Charlotte is studying genetics and learns about a type of mutation that doesn't result in problems with the protein. What type of mutation is this?

a)

frameshift

b)

addition

c)

subtraction

d)

silent

8.

In a biology class, Ethan is learning about different biological molecules. He comes across the terms: gly, ser, thr, arg. These terms are examples of

a)

DNA

b)

RNA

c)

amino acids

d)

nucleotides

e)

proteins

9.

Liam is studying biology and learns that proteins are important because...

a)

they form structural units of cells.

b)

they form functional enzymes that speed up reactions.

c)

both

d)

neither

10.

In a classroom experiment, Olivia is trying to understand why cells need to create an mRNA molecule for protein production. What is the reason behind this process?

a)

DNA can't produce proteins but mRNA can.

b)

mRNA is the building blocks of proteins.

c)

The DNA is in the nucleus and separated from the ribosomes.

d)

Ribosomes can only use amino acids to form the proteins.

11.

Ethan is learning about how cells create messages to send instructions for making proteins. He discovers that the process of creating an mRNA "text" message from the DNA template is called what?

a)

transcription

b)

translation

c)

transportation

d)

transplantation

e)

transmembrane

12.

Emma is learning about how cells create proteins. She wants to know what the process is called when an amino acid "protein" sequence is created following the mRNA recipe.

a)

translation

b)

transportation

c)

transplantation

d)

transcription

e)

transmembrane

13.

In Scarlett's biology class, they learned about the cellular structures where proteins are synthesized. Where are proteins made in the cell?

a)

ribsomes

b)

nucleus

c)

chloroplast

d)

mitochondria

e)

vacuole

14.

Lina is studying a small section of a DNA molecule in her biology class. Which section of DNA represents the COMPLEMENTARY strand to the section of DNA above?

a)

A T T C G G G A T A T T

b)

T T A T A G G G C T T A

c)

T A A G C C C T A T A A

d)

A A T A T C C C G A A T

15.

During a biology class, Henry was asked what the "rungs" of the DNA ladder are made of:

a)

phosphates and hydrogen

b)

glucose and sugars

c)

sugars and phosphates

d)

nitrogenous base pairs

16.

Emma is studying a DNA sample and finds that it is composed of 40% thymine. What percentage of adenine would she expect to find?

a)

10%

b)

20%

c)

40%

d)

80%

17.

Avery is learning about the characteristics of living organisms in her biology class. Which of the following is NOT a requirement for an organism to be considered alive?

a)

Ability to reproduce

b)

Ability to grow and develop

c)

Ability to breathe

d)

Ability to respond to stimulus

18.

Sophia is studying how the human body maintains balance. Which of the following is not an example of homeostasis?

a)

As a person’s body temperature rises, the person begins to sweat.

b)

As a person exercises, the person’s breathing rate decreases.

c)

As a person’s skin cells are shed, more skin cells are produced.

d)

As a person’s body loses water, the person becomes thirsty.

19.

Abigail is studying the levels of Biological Organization in her biology class. She needs to arrange them in the correct order. Which is the correct order of the levels of Biological Organization? *Hint: Might not include all levels.

a)

Cells, Molecules, Organisms, Groups of Cells, Community, Population, Ecosystem, Biosphere

b)

Molecule, Cells, Groups of Cells, Organism, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biosphere

c)

Organism, Community, Population, Ecosystem, Groups of Cells, Biosphere

d)

Molecule, Groups of Cells, Organism, Community, Ecosystem, Population, Biosphere

20.

Avery, a scientist, believes that she has found a new life form. Which of the following conditions is not considered essential in determining whether the new life form is alive?

a)

The creature possesses purposeful anatomical structures that differ from one another.

b)

The creature’s body is bilaterally symmetrical.

c)

The creature seems to react to being touched.

d)

The creature is composed of cells.

21.

Nick is studying a sample under a microscope and observes that it is made up of cells. This indicates...

a)

the organism is abiotic

b)

all cells will have the same structure

c)

the organism is biotic

d)

the organism can move

22.

Mia is conducting an experiment to study the effects of different diets on mice. What is the independent variable in this experiment?

a)

the presence of fructose in their diet

b)

the mice that drank only water

c)

the weight gained by the mice

d)

the quantity of water provided

e)

the quantity of food eaten

23.

What is the dependent variable in Mia's experiment?

a)

the presence of fructose in their diet

b)

the mice that drank only water

c)

the weight gained by the mice

d)

the quantity of water provided

e)

the quantity of food eaten

24.

What is the control Mia used in this experiment?

a)

the presence of fructose in their diet

b)

the mice that drank only water

c)

the weight gained by the mice

d)

the quantity of water provided

e)

the quantity of food eaten

25.
What is the independent variable of Brian's experiment?
a)
days or time
b)
number of plants
c)
amount of fertilizer
d)
height of plants
26.

Based on the reading below, which hypothesis would be supported by the experiment?

a)

If I add baking soda to the acid, then nothing will happen.

b)

The mixture will fizz.

c)

If I add baking soda to the acid, then the balloon change color.

d)

If I add baking soda to the acid, then my balloon will inflate.

27.

Megan is conducting an experiment to observe the reaction between baking soda and different acids. What should Megan keep constant in this experiment? Check all that apply.

a)

the type of baking soda

b)

the type of acid

c)

the flask

d)

the environment

28.

Michael is studying a bacterium under a microscope. Why is it considered a prokaryote?

a)

it has in irregular shape.

b)

it doesn't have a nucleus

c)

it has a nucleus.

d)

it has DNA

29.

Evelyn is looking at a diagram in her biology class. This diagram most likely represents which of the following phases of the cell cycle?

a)

metaphase

b)

prophase

c)

interphase

d)

cytokinesis

e)

telophase

30.

Michael is observing a plant cell under a microscope and notices that the cell is splitting into two separate cells. This process most likely represents which of the following phases of the cell cycle where the rest of the cell divides?

a)

cytokinesis

b)

prophase

c)

interphase

d)

metaphase

e)

telophase

31.

Scarlett is studying cell division in her biology class. She looks at a diagram showing chromosomes being pulled apart to opposite ends of the cell. This diagram most likely represents which of the following phases of the cell cycle?

a)

anaphase

b)

prophase

c)

interphase

d)

metaphase

e)

cytokinesis

32.

In a school project, Ava and her classmates are learning about how cells divide. They discover that chromosomes getting copied prior to cell division ensures that...

a)

Each cell's chromosome number continually multiplies because having more chromosomes is better.

b)

Each cell only gets half of the chromosomes that they need to function.

c)

Each new cell contains a complete set of chromosomes so it can function properly.

33.

Ethan is studying single-celled organisms in his biology class. Which of the following statements is true about how these organisms use cell division?

a)

Single celled organisms use cell division to replace old cells.

b)

Single celled organisms use cell division to reproduce.

c)

Single celled organisms use cell division to grow.

d)

Single celled organisms use cell division to repair damaged cells.

34.

During a biology class, Olivia learned that improper cell division can lead to... Check all that apply.

a)

viral infection

b)

genetic disorders

c)

cell death

d)

cancer

e)

strep throat

35.

Mia is studying plant cells in her biology class. She learns that only certain types of cells contain this organelle, which utilizes the energy of the sun to produce food for the organism.

a)

Ribosome

b)

Vacuole

c)

Cytoskeleton

d)

Chloroplast

36.

Emma is looking at some cells under a microscope. The cells below are most likely:

a)

animal cells because of their shape

b)

plant cells because of their shape

c)

bacteria because of their shape

37.

Rohan is observing some cells under a microscope in his biology class. The cells below are most likely:

a)

eukaryotic, animal cell

b)

eukaryotic, plant cell

c)

prokaryotic, animal cell

d)

prokaryotic, plant cell

38.

Sophia is studying cells in her biology class and learns that these cells require the production of ATP for energy. Which organelle provides this energy?

a)

cell membrane

b)

mitochondrion

c)

nucleus

d)

nucleolus

39.

Charlotte noticed that her body was able to maintain a stable internal condition even when the weather outside was changing. Which of the following is the best definition of this process?

a)

getting rid of waste

b)

maintenance of a constant internal environment

c)

taking in oxygen and getting rid of carbon dioxide

d)

keeping a constant temperature

40.

Olivia noticed that after her morning run, she felt thirsty. Which of the following is NOT an example of homeostasis?

a)

maintaining body temperature

b)

hair loss

c)

maintaining blood sugar levels

d)

getting thirsty after a workout

41.

Avery is studying how the human body functions and is curious about which two systems primarily work together to provide support and movement. Which systems should Avery focus on?

a)

nervous & digestive

b)

excretory & digestive

c)

integumentary & nervous

d)

circulatory & endocrine

e)

skeletal & muscular

42.

During a biology class, Oliver and Rohan were discussing which two systems in the human body primarily work together to provide oxygen to the cells. What is the correct pair?

a)

digestive & respiratory

b)

nervous & immune

c)

circulatory & respiratory

d)

circulatory & endocrine

e)

skeletal & muscular

43.

Grace is studying different organ systems in her biology class. She needs to match each system with its primary function. Which of the following best matches the organ system with its function?

a)

Nervous - transports materials

b)

Immune - breaks down food

c)

Circulatory - carries signals

d)

Skeletal - provides support

44.

Ethan is studying different systems in the human body. Which of the following best matches the system with the organ?

a)

endocrine - pancreas

b)

nervous - veins

c)

circulatory - lungs

d)

respiratory - heart

45.

Ethan noticed that he has the same eye color as his father. This is an example of:

a)

language

b)

favorite food

c)

clothing style

d)

eye color

46.

Priya noticed that her brown-eyed parents both have brown eyes, while her friend Emma has blue eyes. Brown eyes are said to be "dominant" to blue eyes because:

a)

Brown eyes are darker in pigment.

b)

Genes for brown eyes occur most commonly in people.

c)

The gene for brown eyes is hidden or masked by the gene for blue eyes.

d)

The gene for blue eyes is hidden or masked by the gene for brown eyes.

47.

Aria noticed that hair color is a trait with several _____________ such as blonde, black, red, and brown. *

a)

genetics

b)

chromosomes

c)

variations

d)

environments

48.

Mason noticed that his friend James learned to play the guitar really well over the summer. Mason wondered if James's future children would inherit this skill. Acquired (environmental traits) are not passed on to offspring because:

a)

they are associated with only certain organisms.

b)

they are not part of the genes of organisms.

c)

they are always harmful to an organism.

d)

they are always neutral to the organism.

49.

In a biology class, Anika and Benjamin are learning about genetics. They discover that alternate forms of the same gene, such as dominant and recessive, that affect the same trait are called ______. *

a)

phenotypes

b)

alleles

c)

mutations

d)

genotypes

50.

In a biology class, Aria is learning about genetics. She discovers that ______ means that the alleles in the genotype are different. *

a)

heterozygous

b)

homozygous

c)

dominant

d)

recessive