WorksheetsUnit 5 & 6 AP Biology CED Review
Total questions: 38
Worksheet time: 29mins
Meiosis results in _____________ because there is/are _______________.
2 identical haploid cells, 1 round of division
4 identical diploid cells, 2 rounds of division
4 unique haploid cells, 2 rounds of division
2 unique diploid cells, 1 round of division
Which of the following does NOT increase variation in gamete formation?
crossing over
fertilization of gametes
random assortment of chromosomes
condensation of chromatin
This process involves homologous chromatids exchanging genetic material to increase genetic diversity.
crossing over
random fertilization
independent assortment
gene flow
Which of the following does NOT support the concept of common ancestry for all organisms?
DNA/RNA (genetic code) are shared by all living systems
Ribosomes are found in all forms of life
Glycolysis takes place in all organisms
All organisms undergo sexual reproduction
Which of the following best describes the inheritance pattern of the shown pedigree?
Autosomal Dominant
Sex-Linked Dominant
Autosomal Recessive
Sex-Linked Recessive
Which of the following best describes the phenotypic ratio of 6:3:3:2:1:1?
Incomplete dominance & complete dominance on dihybrid cross
Incomplete dominance on dihybrid cross
Complete dominance on dihybrid cross
Epistasis on dihybrid cross
Describe the cause of a cross resulting in greater than 50% parental phenotypes and less then 50% recombinant phenotypes
Genes are linked on the same chromosome
Genes are located on different arms of the same chromosome
Gene are on different chromosomes
Gene are found in different gametes
In animals, traits determine by the mitochondrial DNA are inherited from the _______________.
mother
brother
father
sister
Identify the type of inheritance of the pedigree.
Sex-Linked
Mitochondrial
Autosomal
Random
Snowshoe hares are brown in summer and white in winter, describe this event.
Hares undergo phenotypic plasticity & environment influences gene express
Hares are white in winter due to the snow binding to hair follicles
Hares are brown from exposed dirt in summer
Hares remain hidden in the winter months inhibiting fur darken from sun
Describe the process of nondisjunction.
Homologous chromosomes exchange genetic information
The alignment of the chromosomes on the metaphase plate
Homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids remain attached during anaphase
The process of sperm and egg fusing to create a zygote
When does the process of independent assortment take place?
prophase I
metaphase I
anaphase I
telophase I
When does the process of crossing over take place?
prophase I
metaphase I
anaphase I
telophase I
What phase of meiosis describes the law of segregation?
telophase I
anaphase I
telophase II
anaphase II
Which of the following is the predicted ratio of a testcross with a dihybrid?
9:3:3:1
9:6:1
1:2:1
1:1:1:1
Which of the following is a predicted ratio of a dihybrid cross?
9:3:3:1
9:3:4
1:2:1
1:1:1:1
Describe why a male is more likely to be affected by a sex-linked trait?
Males have only 1 Y chromosome
Females have only 1 Y chromosome
Males have only 1 X chromosome
Females have only 1 X chromosomes
How does the DNA in a prokaryote differ from a eukaryote?
Prokaryote has circular DNA, Eukaryotes has linear DNA
Prokaryote has single stranded DNA, Eukaryotes has double stranded DNA
Prokaryote has linear DNA, Eukaryotes has prokaryote DNA
Prokaryote has double stranded DNA, Eukaryotes has single stranded DNA
Both eukaryotes and prokaryotes have plasmids. What are plasmids?
large extra-chromosomal, double-stranded, linear DNA molecules
large extra-chromosomal, double-stranded, circular DNA molecules
small extra-chromosomal, double-stranded, circular DNA molecules
small extra-chromosomal, double-stranded, linear DNA molecules
Identify which of the following best describes purines and pyrimidines.
Purines (C, T, & U) have single ring, Pyrimidines (A & G) have double ring
Purines (C, T, & U) have double ring, Pyrimidines (A & G) have single ring
Purines (A & G) have single ring, Pyrimidines (C, T, & U) have double ring
Purines (A & G) have double ring, Pyrimidines (C, T, & U) have single ring
Which of the following demonstrates base pairing rules to 5' - CAGGT - 3'
3' - TGGAC - 5'
3' - GTCCA - 5'
5' - GTCCA - 3'
5' - CAGGT - 3'
Which enzyme is responsible for relaxing supercoiling in front of the replication fork?
helicase
DNA polymerase
topoisomerase
ligase
Which enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA strands?
helicase
DNA polymerase
topoisomerase
ligase
Which enzyme is requires RNA primers to initiate DNA synthesis?
helicase
DNA polymerase
topoisomerase
ligase
Which enzyme is responsible for joining the fragments on the lagging strand?
helicase
DNA polymerase
topoisomerase
ligase
Describe the difference between the synthesis of the leading and lagging strands.
directionality: leading = 3' -> 5', lagging = 5' -> 3'
synthesis continuity: leading = discontinuous & lagging = continuous
directionality: leading = 5' -> 3', lagging = 3' -> 5'
synthesis continuity: leading = continuous & lagging = discontinuous
How do the three types of RNA work together?
mRNA carries message, tRNA carries amino acids, and rRNA makes ribosome
mRNA makes ribosomes, tRNA carries amino acids, and rRNA relays information
mRNA carries amino acids, tRNA transfer message, and rRNA makes ribosome
mRNA is made, tRNA holds the DNA in place, and rRNA removes the deoxyribose
Which of the following are NOT post-transcriptional modifications?
5' cap
intron removal
poly-A tail
TATA box
During transcription, what is the relationship between DNA and RNA?
Template DNA is the noncoding strand, RNA reads DNA in 3' -> 5' direction
Template DNA is the coding strand, RNA reads DNA in 3' -> 5' direction
Template DNA is the noncoding strand, RNA reads DNA in 5' -> 3' direction
Template DNA is the coding strand, RNA reads DNA in 5' -> 3' direction
Where does translation take place in prokaryotes & eukaryotes?
Prokaryotes - cytosol; Eukaryotes - cytosol or nucleus
Prokaryotes - cytosol or rough ER; Eukaryotes - cytosol
Prokaryotes - cytosol; Eukaryotes - cytosol or rough ER
Prokaryotes - cytosol or nucleus; Eukaryotes - cytosol
What is the sequence of nucleotides on mRNA read in triplets called?
anticodon
codon
triplet box
wobble
How do retroviruses violate the central dogma?
Retroviruses are responsible for using DNA to synthesize more viral RNA
Retroviruses are pre-historic and existed prior to the central dogma
Retroviruses use enzymes to make DNA from RNA & integrate into host DNA
Retroviruses use host DNA to make viral RNA, then incorporate into host DNA
Which of the following describes epigenetic changes that affect gene expression?
alternative RNA splicing
post-transcriptional modification
DNA methylation or histone acetylation
operon inhibition
Identify which molecules bind to the promoter region
Ligase
Topoisomerase
DNA polymerase
RNA polymerase
Identify the primary source of genetic variation
crossing over
mutations
random fertilization
independent assortment
What determines the level of effect of a mutation?
environmental context
codon-anticodon pairing
structure of protein
process of meiosis
Which of the following is NOT a process of horizontal acquisition of genetic information by prokaryotes?
transformation
transposition
transduction
transjugation
Plasmation
Which of the following genetic engineering techniques is incorrectly described?
Electrophoresis separates molecules based on size & charge
Bacterial transformation introduces DNA to bacterial cells
PCR allows for DNA fragments to be stabilized for engineering processes
DNA sequencing determines the order of nucleotides in a DNA molecule
