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WorksheetsECG CH 7 Review
Total questions: 35
Worksheet time: 18mins
What does "AV junction" refer to in the context of cardiac physiology?
Atrioventricular node
Sinoatrial node
Bundle of His
Purkinje fibers
What does the term "retrograde" imply in medical terminology?
Forward movement
Backward movement
Lateral movement
Circular movement
What does an isoelectric waveform indicate?
Flat, no current flowing
Upright, current flows to positive electrode
Downward, current flows away from positive electrode
Circular, current flows in a loop
What characterizes a positive deflection in a waveform?
Flat, no current flowing
Upright, current flows to positive electrode
Downward, current flows away from positive electrode
Circular, current flows in a loop
What happens during a negative deflection in a waveform?
Flat, no current flowing
Upright, current flows to positive electrode
Downward, current flows away from positive electrode
Circular, current flows in a loop
What is the primary function of the heart?
To filter blood
To pump blood throughout the body
To produce red blood cells
To store oxygen
Which part of the heart is responsible for receiving oxygenated blood from the lungs?
Right atrium
Left atrium
Right ventricle
Left ventricle
What is the role of the valves in the heart?
To increase blood pressure
To prevent backflow of blood
To oxygenate the blood
To store blood
What is the inherent rate of the AV junction?
20 to 40 beats per minute
40 to 60 beats per minute
60 to 80 beats per minute
80 to 100 beats per minute
What is the function of the AV junction in the heart?
Primary pacemaker
Backup pacemaker
Blood pump
Oxygen supplier
What results from retrograde depolarization of the atria?
Normal P wave
Inverted P wave
Absent P wave
Prolonged P wave
In which directions do impulses go in junctional rhythms?
Only forward
Only backward
Both forward and backward
Only upward
Which part of the heart is responsible for initiating the heartbeat?
Atrioventricular (AV) node
Sinoatrial (SA) node
Bundle of His
Purkinje fibers
What is the function of the Bundle of His in the heart?
Initiates the heartbeat
Transmits impulses from the AV node to the ventricles
Delays the impulse to allow atrial contraction
Directly stimulates the ventricles to contract
Which of the following is a characteristic of a high junctional impulse?
Originates from the SA node
Originates from the AV junction
Originates from the Purkinje fibers
Originates from the left atrium
What is a common symptom associated with Premature Junctional Complex (PJC)?
Hypertension
Hypotension
Tachycardia
Bradycardia
What term is used to describe the basic heart rhythm in the context of Premature Junctional Complex (PJC)?
Arrhythmia
Underlying rhythm
Sinus rhythm
Atrial rhythm
What is a Premature Junctional Complex (PJC)?
A single early electrical impulse that originates in the AV junction
A late electrical impulse that originates in the ventricles
A regular impulse that originates in the atria
A delayed impulse that originates in the sinoatrial node
What effect does a Premature Junctional Complex (PJC) have on the heart rhythm?
It causes an interruption in the underlying rhythm
It stabilizes the heart rhythm
It speeds up the heart rate
It has no effect on the heart rhythm
What must an "add-on" dysrhythmia be attached to?
The underlying rhythm
The sinoatrial node
The ventricular rhythm
The atrial rhythm
ECG diagram showing a Premature Junctional Complex (PJC)
Premature Atrial Complex (PAC)
Premature Ventricular Complex (PVC)
Premature Junctional Complex (PJC)
Atrial Fibrillation
What is the rhythm of the atrial rhythm/rate in Premature Junctional Complex (PJC)?
Irregular, with frequent pauses
Regular, except for early beats
Completely irregular
Regular, with no exceptions
How is the frequency of PJCs categorized when it is 6 or more per minute?
Occasional
Rare
Frequent
Constant
What is the P wave morphology for inherent rhythm?
Inverted and sharp
Upright and rounded
Flat and wide
Irregular and spiked
Where can the P wave be located in PJCs?
Only before the QRS
Only after the QRS
Before, after, or hidden in the QRS
Only hidden in the QRS
What is the PR interval when the inverted P wave is before the QRS complex in a Premature Junctional Complex?
Longer than normal
Shorter than normal (< 0.12 secs. and constant)
Not measurable
Equal to normal
What is the QRS duration and morphology in a Premature Junctional Complex?
30-60 ms
60-120 ms or 0.06-0.12 s., within normal limits
120-180 ms
0.12-0.24 s
What are the effects of isolated Premature Junctional Complexes (PJCs) in healthy patients?
They cause severe symptoms.
They cause no signs or symptoms.
They lead to immediate hospitalization.
They result in high blood pressure.
What might patients experience if PJCs occur more than 4-6 times per minute?
High blood pressure and increased cardiac output.
No symptoms at all.
Hypotension and low cardiac output.
Increased heart rate and energy levels.
Where does the Junctional Escape Rhythm originate?
SA node
AV junction
Purkinje fibers
Bundle of His
What does the Junctional Escape Rhythm produce in atrial tissue?
Anterograde depolarization
Retrograde depolarization
Lateral depolarization
No depolarization
What role does the AV node play in Junctional Escape Rhythm?
Primary pacemaker
Back-up pacemaker
No role
Inhibitory node
Which rhythm is most likely to show an absent or inverted P wave on an ECG?
Sinus rhythm
Ventricular tachycardia
Junctional rhythm
Atrial flutter
What is the typical QRS complex duration in a Junctional Escape Rhythm?
Less than 0.12 seconds
Variable duration
Greater than 0.12 seconds
Exactly 0.20 seconds
Which condition may result from frequent Premature Junctional Complexes (PJCs)?
Hypertension
Normal cardiac output
Palpitations and dizziness
Bradycardia
