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WorksheetsAP CSP 200PT Quizizz 1-9 - BLOCK
Total questions: 118
Worksheet time: 6hrs 2mins
What's the relationship between a byte and a bit?
8 bytes in a bit
4 bits in a byte
10 bytes is a bit
8 bits in a byte
Computers store information in bits, or binary digits. Which of the following could be represented in bits?
Numbers
Text
Images
Sounds
All of the above
Creating simplified representations of something more complex is called:
obstruction
abstraction
substitution
flippy-do
What is 0011 0100 in decimal form?
52
28
100
60
What is 226 in binary?
1111 0010
1100 1100
1110 0110
1110 0010
Is 0000 1100 equivalent to 1100 in binary?
Yes
No
How many bits do you need to make 21 in binary?
3
4
5
6
Can you make 34 with 5 bits?
Yes
No
Which is true about 3 bits?
The highest number you can reach is 8, giving you 9 numbers (0-8)
The highest number you can reach is 7, giving you 8 numbers (0-7)
The highest number you can reach is 8, giving you 8 numbers (0-7)
The highest number you can reach is 7, giving you 7 numbers (0-7)
Which is true about analog vs digital?
Analog is data with values that change continuously, or smoothly, over time while digital is has a finite set of possible values
Analog has a finite set of possible data values while digital has data values that change continuously, or smoothly, over time
Which of the following is true about creating a digital image? Mark all that apply.
The more sampling you do, the closer the image will look to the analog version
The less sampling you do, the closer the image will look to the analog version
The more pixels you have, the smaller the file size of the image
The more pixels you have, the larger the file size of the image
Compression is a process used to reduce the number of bits necessary to represent something.
True
False
What is the difference between lossy and lossless compression? Mark all that apply.
With lossless compression, you can reverse the process and recreate the original exactly
With lossy compression, no information is lost
With lossless compression, the size of the file sent is always going to be the same size as the original
Lossy compression is ok if you are just trying to send a quick silly picture to someone but if specific details are important, you should use lossless compression
Lossless compression would send a higher quality image than one sent with lossy compression
A Creative Commons license restricts the use of a copyright.
True
False
What is true about copyright laws?
If you use someone's stuff and don't cite it, you are violating copyright laws
If someone has a Creative Commons license, then you are able to use their stuff freely (as long as it follows what is written in the license)
Open source means you are free to use it without worrying about copyright laws
All of the above
Can be physical (self-driving car), non-physical computing software (picture editing software), or non-physical computing concepts (e-commerce).
Personally Identifiable Information
Phishing
Computing Innovation
Public Key Encryption
Information about an individual that identifies, links, relates, or describes them.
Personally Identifiable Information
Phishing
Computing Innovation
Public Key Encryption
A technique that attempts to trick a user into providing personal information. That personal information can then be used to access sensitive online resources, such as bank accounts and emails
Malware
Phishing
Keylogging
Encryption
The use of a program to record every keystroke made by a computer user in order to gain fraudulent access to passwords and other confidential information.
Malware
Phishing
Keylogging
Encryption
Software intended to damage a computing system or to take partial control over its operation.
Malware
Phishing
Keylogging
Encryption
A wireless access point that gives unauthorized access to secure networks.
Malware
Rogue Access Point
Keylogging
Encryption
A process of encoding messages to keep them secret, so only "authorized" parties can read it.
Decryption
Multi-factor Authentication
Computer Virus Scanning Software
Encryption
A process that reverses encryption, taking a secret message and reproducing the original plain
text.
Decryption
Multi-factor Authentication
Computer Virus Scanning Software
Encryption
Used by Julius Caesar around 58 BC, is a substitution cipher that shifts letters in a message to make it unreadable if intercepted.
Decryption
Multi-factor Authentication
Caesar Cipher
Encryption
Protects a computing system against infection.
Decryption
Multi-factor Authentication
Caesar Cipher
Computer Virus Scanning Software
A system that requires at least two steps to unlock protected information; each step adds a new layer of security that must be broken to gain unauthorized access
Decryption
Multi-factor Authentication
Caesar Cipher
Encryption
A system that requires two separate, distinct forms of identification in order to access something.
Two Factor Authentication
Symmetric Key Encryption
Single Facto Authentication
Multifactor Authentication
A process for securing access to a given system that identifies the party requesting access through only one category of credentials.
Two Factor Authentication
Single Factor Authentication
Multifactor Authentication
Encryption
Which of the following best describes the protocols used on the Internet?
The protocols of the Internet are designed by government agencies to ensure they remain free to use
The protocols of the Internet are secret to maintain the privacy and security of people using them
Each device connected to the Internet will use a protocol designed by the company that manufactured it
The protocols of the Internet are open and used by all devices connected to the network
For the next four questions, match the term with the definition: Computing Device
a machine that can run a program
a group of computers working together for a common purpose
a group of connected computers that can send or receive data
a sequence of direct connections
For the next four questions, match the term with the definition: Path
a machine that can run a program
a group of computers working together for a common purpose
a group of connected computers that can send or receive data
a sequence of direct connections
For the next four questions, match the term with the definition: Computing Network
a machine that can run a program
a group of computers working together for a common purpose
a group of connected computers that can send or receive data
a sequence of direct connections
For the next four questions, match the term with the definition: Computing System
a machine that can run a program
a group of computers working together for a common purpose
a group of connected computers that can send or receive data
a sequence of direct connections
Jesse purchases a new smartphone and is immediately able to use it to send a photo over the Internet to a friend who lives in a different country. Which of the following is NOT necessary to make this possible?
Both devices are using the same shared and open protocols
A single direct connection is established between any two devices connected to the Internet
The data of the image is routed through a sequence of directly connected devices before arriving at its destination.
Both devices are directly connected to at least one part of the Internet
This diagram shows a number of computing devices connected to the Internet with each line representing a direct connection. What is the MINIMUM number of paths that would need to be broken to prevent Computing Device A from connecting with Computing Device E?
1
2
3
4
This diagram shows a number of computing devices connected to the Internet with each line representing a direct connection. Device A is attempting to send data over the Internet to Device E. Which of the following is true of how the data will travel through the network?
The data will always travel through Device B as it is the shortest path
The data will never be sent to Device G since there are other shorter paths available
It is possible that the data travels through any of the devices in the network before arriving at device E
If the data travels through Device D then it will not travel through Device B
Which of the following is true of how the Internet has responded to the increasing number of devices now using the network?
The Internet protocols are changed every year to adapt to the new devices that have been connected to the network
While the number of devices connected to the Internet has grown, the network itself has not grown
The protocols of the Internet were designed to scale as new devices are added
The protocols of the Internet are no longer necessary thanks to the large number of devices now connected to the network
Which of the following is true of how packets are sent through the Internet?
Packet metadata is only included on important packets to indicate they should get access to faster paths through the network
Packet metadata is used to route and reassemble information travelling through the Internet
Information sent through the internet is only encapsulated in packets if the message is too large to be sent as a datastream
Information sent through the internet is split into two packets, one which contains the message and another which contains the metadata
Emilee is watching an online video. The video is being sent to her laptop by a server over the Internet which splits the video into packets and sends them in the order they appear in the video. Which of the following is true about how the packets will arrive at her computer?
The packets will always be received in the order that they were sent
Either every packet will reach her computer or none of them will.
Packets that arrive out of order will be sent back to the server.
The packets may arrive out of order
Which of the following best describes the purpose of an IP address?
IP addresses provide a unique number for identifying devices that send and receive information on the Internet
IP addresses assist in the reconstruction of a message that has been divided into many packets
IP addresses indicate the location where an internet-connected computing device was manufactured
IP addresses indicate how many times an individual packet has been requested by a router
Which of the following Internet protocols is MOST important in reassembling packets and requesting missing packets to form complete messages?
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
Internet Protocol (IP)
User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
Which of the following Internet protocols is used to request and send pages and files on the World Wide Web?
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
Internet Protocol (IP)
User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
Two devices are connected to the Internet and communicating with one another. A squirrel chews through one of the wires in the network that is currently being used by the devices to communicate. The network immediately begins using a different path through the network and communication continues as normal. This situation best exemplifies which principle?
fault-tolerance
scalability
protocol
pathing
An Internet Service Provider (ISP) is a company that builds the routers and wired connections that allow individuals to access the Internet. An ISP is considering adding additional redundant connections to its network. Which of the following best describes why the company would choose to do so?
It costs less to design a network that is redundant
The protocols of the Internet only work on networks that are redundant
Redundant networks are more reliable
Adding additional connections reduces the fault-tolerance of the network
Which of the following situations is most likely to cause issues arising from the digital divide?
A state makes voter registration forms available only by visiting a government website
Two internet-connected devices located in different countries and thousands of miles apart attempt to communicate with one another
Packets sent from one router to another begin arriving in a different order than they were sent
A smartphone attempts to communicate over the Internet with another type of device, like a tablet or laptop
Which of the following is MOST likely to be an outcome of the digital divide?
Certain companies will be unable to certify their technology as digitally secure.
People from some racial or ethnic groups have unequal access to computing technology.
People will have equal access and influence both globally and locally.
Political groups in some countries are unable to agree on regulations of digital technology.
Any programming language that lets users create programs by manipulating “blocks” or graphical programming elements, rather than writing code using text.
Command
Run Program
Algorithm
Block-based programming language
A sequence of steps written in a programming language that can be followed to solve a problem, especially by a computer.
Debug
Event
Algorithm
Computer Program
An error in a program that prevents the program from running as expected
onEvent
Bug
Moth
Fly in the Ointment
Statements that should only run upon a specific user action should be placed
inside an onAction block
below an onEvent command
after the first programming statement
within an onEvent programming statement
Finding and fixing problems in an algorithm or program
Debugging
Event Driven Programming
Run Programs
Algorithms
Cause the computer to execute the commands you've written in your program
console.log
Run Program
Debug
onEvent
A single instruction for the computer. Put many together and you get algorithms and computer programs.
Algorithm
onEvent
console.log
Command
A set of steps you can follow in order to solve a problem or achieve a result often written down in regular spoken language.
Debugging
Event
Algorithm
Computer Program
When the user hovers their mouse over the hawk, the
both birds will appear only in the middle of the screen
The sparrow will be confined to the upper right and the hawk to the upper left
The sparrow will be confined to the lower right and the hawk to the upper left
The sparrow will be confined to the lower left and the hawk to the upper right
Choose all the correct options. When debugging, you should
run the program over and over, staring really hard at it
add some console.log statements to see what is going on
describe your program and the odd behavior to a friend
reduce the amount of code and see if the behavior improves
The program above is run. Then the user clicks the "blueButton" button ONCE. What will be displayed in the console?
"1"
"2"
"3"
"1"
"3"
"2"
"1"
"3"
"1"
"3"
"2"
What color is blueButton after the code above runs?
blue
red
green
yellow
What color is redButton after the code above runs?
blue
red
green
yellow
The program above is run. What color is blueButton if the user DOES NOT click blueButton?
blue
red
green
yellow
What will the console log say when this program is run?
"Starting my program!"
"You clicked the button!"
"Ending my program!"
"Starting my program!"
"Ending my program!"
"You clicked the button!"
"You clicked the button!"
"Starting my program!"
"Ending my program!"
"You clicked the button!"
"Ending my program!"
"Starting my program!"
The program above is run. Then the user clicks the "blueButton" button ONCE. What will be displayed in the console?
"1"
"2"
"3"
"1"
"3"
"2"
"1"
"3"
"1"
"3"
"2"
What color is blueButton after the code above runs?
blue
red
green
yellow
What color is redButton after the code above runs?
blue
red
green
yellow
The program above is run. What color is blueButton if the user DOES NOT click blueButton?
blue
red
green
yellow
The program above is run. What color is blueButton if the user clicks blueButton once?
blue
red
green
yellow
The following program is run. Then the user clicks the "redButton" ONCE and then clicks the "blueButton" ONCE. What will be displayed in the console?
"1"
"3"
"5"
"2"
"4"
"2"
"4"
"1"
"3"
"5"
"4"
"2"
"4"
"2"
"1"
"2"
"3"
"4"
"5"
Any programming language that lets users create programs by manipulating “blocks” or graphical programming elements, rather than writing code using text.
Command
Run Program
Algorithm
Block-based programming language
A sequence of steps written in a programming language that can be followed to solve a problem, especially by a computer.
Debug
Event
Algorithm
Computer Program
An error in a program that prevents the program from running as expected
onEvent
Bug
Moth
Fly in the Ointment
Statements that should only run upon a specific user action should be placed
inside an onAction block
below an onEvent command
after the first programming statement
within an onEvent programming statement
Finding and fixing problems in an algorithm or program
Debugging
Event Driven Programming
Run Programs
Algorithms
Cause the computer to execute the commands you've written in your program
console.log
Run Program
Debug
onEvent
A single instruction for the computer. Put many together and you get algorithms and computer programs.
Algorithm
onEvent
console.log
Program statement
When the user hovers their mouse over the hawk,
both birds will appear only in the middle of the screen
the sparrow will be confined to the upper right and the hawk to the upper left
the sparrow will be confined to the lower right and the hawk to the upper left
the sparrow will be confined to the lower left and the hawk to the upper right
Choose all the correct options. When debugging, you should
run the program over and over, staring really hard at it
add some console.log statements to see what is going on
describe your program and the odd behavior to a friend
reduce the amount of code and see if the behavior improves
A group of computers working together for a common purpose
computing device
computing system
computing network
path
A machine that can run a program
computing device
computing system
computing network
path
A group of connected computers that can send or receive data
computing device
computing system
computing network
path
A sequence of direct connections
computing device
computing system
computing network
path
Which of the following best describes the protocols used on the Internet?
The protocols of the Internet are designed by government agencies to ensure they remain free to use
The protocols of the Internet are secret to maintain the privacy and security of people using them
Each device connected to the Internet will use a protocol designed by the company that manufactured it
The protocols of the Internet are open and used by all devices connected to the network
Jesse purchases a new smartphone and is immediately able to use it to send a photo over the Internet to a friend who lives in a different country. Which of the following is NOT necessary to make this possible?
Both devices are using the same shared and open protocols
A single direct connection is established between any two devices connected to the Internet
The data of the image is routed through a sequence of directly connected devices before arriving at its destination.
Both devices are directly connected to at least one part of the Internet
This diagram shows a number of computing devices connected to the Internet with each line representing a direct connection. What is the MINIMUM number of paths that would need to be broken to prevent Computing Device A from connecting with Computing Device E?
1
2
3
4
This diagram shows a number of computing devices connected to the Internet with each line representing a direct connection. Device A is attempting to send data over the Internet to Device E. Which of the following is true of how the data will travel through the network?
The data will always travel through Device B as it is the shortest path
The data will never be sent to Device G since there are other shorter paths available
It is possible that the data travels through any of the devices in the network before arriving at device E
If the data travels through Device D then it will not travel through Device B
Which of the following is true of how the Internet has responded to the increasing number of devices now using the network?
The Internet protocols are changed every year to adapt to the new devices that have been connected to the network
While the number of devices connected to the Internet has grown, the network itself has not grown
The protocols of the Internet were designed to scale as new devices are added
The protocols of the Internet are no longer necessary thanks to the large number of devices now connected to the network
Which of the following is true of how packets are sent through the Internet?
Packet metadata is only included on important packets to indicate they should get access to faster paths through the network
Packet metadata is used to route and reassemble information travelling through the Internet
Information sent through the internet is only encapsulated in packets if the message is too large to be sent as a datastream
Information sent through the internet is split into two packets, one which contains the message and another which contains the metadata
Emilee is watching an online video. The video is being sent to her laptop by a server over the Internet which splits the video into packets and sends them in the order they appear in the video. Which of the following is true about how the packets will arrive at her computer?
The packets will always be received in the order that they were sent
Either every packet will reach her computer or none of them will.
Packets that arrive out of order will be sent back to the server.
The packets may arrive out of order
Which of the following best describes the purpose of an IP address?
IP addresses provide a unique number for identifying devices that send and receive information on the Internet
IP addresses assist in the reconstruction of a message that has been divided into many packets
IP addresses indicate the location where an internet-connected computing device was manufactured
IP addresses indicate how many times an individual packet has been requested by a router
Which of the following Internet protocols is MOST important in reassembling packets and requesting missing packets to form complete messages?
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
Internet Protocol (IP)
User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
Which of the following Internet protocols is used to request and send pages and files on the World Wide Web?
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
Internet Protocol (IP)
User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
Two devices are connected to the Internet and communicating with one another. A squirrel chews through one of the wires in the network that is currently being used by the devices to communicate. The network immediately begins using a different path through the network and communication continues as normal.
This situation best exemplifies which principle?
fault-tolerance
scalability
protocol
pathing
An Internet Service Provider (ISP) is a company that builds the routers and wired connections that allow individuals to access the Internet.
An ISP is considering adding additional redundant connections to its network. Which of the following best describes why the company would choose to do so?
It costs less to design a network that is redundant
The protocols of the Internet only work on networks that are redundant
Redundant networks are more reliable
Adding additional connections reduces the fault-tolerance of the network
Which of the following situations is most likely to cause issues arising from the digital divide?
A state makes voter registration forms available only by visiting a government website
Two internet-connected devices located in different countries and thousands of miles apart attempt to communicate with one another
Packets sent from one router to another begin arriving in a different order than they were sent
A smartphone attempts to communicate over the Internet with another type of device, like a tablet or laptop
Which of the following is MOST likely to be an outcome of the digital divide?
Certain companies will be unable to certify their technology as digitally secure.
People from some racial or ethnic groups have unequal access to computing technology.
People will have equal access and influence both globally and locally.
Political groups in some countries are unable to agree on regulations of digital technology
Given the procedure:
What will be displayed after the following statement is executed?
DISPLAY ( adjustCount (11) + adjustCount (16) )
28
32
33
35
Two grids are show. Each grid contains a robot represented as a triangle. Both robots are initially facing left. Each robot can move into a white or gray square, but cannot move into a black region.
For each grid, the program below is intended to move the robot to the gray square. The program uses the procedure Goal_Reached ( ), which evaluates to true if the robot is in the gray square and evaluates to false otherwise.
Grid I only
Grid II only
Both grid I and grid II
Neither grid I nor grid II
Consider the code segment above.
If the variables onTime has the value of true and absent has the value false, what is displayed as a result of running the code segment?
Hello.
Is anyone there?
Hello. Is anyone there?
Hello. Better late than never.
In the program below, the initial value of x is 0 and the initial value of y is -2.
What is displayed as a result of running the program?
Foxtrot
Hotel
November
Yankee
The diagram shows a circuit with three gates, where the output from two AND gates are sent into an OR gate. The circuit has four inputs (A, B, C, D), two for each AND gate.
If the final output is 0, what is a possible state of the inputs A/B/C/D?
Choose 1 answer.
A = 0, B = 0, C = 0, D = 0
A = 1, B = 1, C = 0, D = 1
A = 0, B = 1, C = 1, D = 1
A = 1, B = 0, C = 1, D = 1
The diagram shows a circuit composed of two logic gates labeled OR and AND. Each gate takes two inputs and produces a single output.
If the input A is false and input C is true, which of the following best describes the output of the AND gate?
The output will be true no matter what the value of input B is.
The output will be false no matter what the value of input B is.
The output will be true if input B is true; otherwise it will be false.
The output will be false if input B is true; otherwise it will be true.
The diagram shows a circuit with three gates, where the output from two AND gates are sent into an OR gate. The circuit has four inputs (A, B, C, D), two for each AND gate.
If the final output is 0, what is a possible state of the inputs A/B/C/D?
Choose 1 answer.
A = 1, B = 0, C = 1, D = 0
A = 1, B = 1, C = 0, D = 1
A = 0, B = 1, C = 1, D = 1
A = 1, B = 0, C = 1, D = 1
The two variables age and day are initialized with the values shown.
age <-- 16
day <-- "Tuesday"
Choose the compound conditional that evaluates to true.
(age > 10) AND (age < 15)
NOT (age > 10)
(day = "Tuesday") OR (age < 12)
NOT ( (age = 16) OR (day = "Tuesday") )
This program uses a conditional to determine if seafood is safe to consume.
In which situations will rating be "unsafe"?
Note that there may be multiple answers to this question.
Choose 1 answer.
When seafood is "mollusk" and daysFrozen is 7
When seafood is "tuna" and daysFrozen is 6
When seafood is "salmon" and daysFrozen is 7
When seafood is "salmon" and daysFrozen is 6
The following expression is from the data loading logic of a website.
NOT ( state ≠ "loading" AND result = "error" )
Which of these expressions are logically equivalent?
state ≠ "loading" AND result ≠ "error"
state = "loading" AND result = "error"
state = "loading" OR result ≠ "error"
state ≠ "loading" OR result = "error"
a circuit with two inputs and one output defined such that its output is TRUE (or ON) only when both of its inputs are TRUE (or ON).
AND gate
an elementary building block of a digital circuit. Examples would be AND, OR, and NOT gates that perform basic digital operations.
logic gate
a circuit with one input and one output defined such that its output is TRUE (or ON) when its input is FALSE (or OFF) and vice versa.
NOT gate
a circuit with two inputs and one output defined such that its output is TRUE (or ON) when either or both of its inputs are TRUE (or ON).
OR gate
condition is a true/false condition. It is named after George Boole (1815-1864) an English mathematician.
boolean
any symbol that requires one byte of storage.
character
an informal way of describing an integrated circuit (IC) consisting of millions of tiny circuits.
chip
such as the numeral '5', is an abstraction that represents a single thing, e.g., the value 5.
constant
The process of translating the entire source code into a single binary file.
compilation
a machine that processes information under the control of a program.
computer
can run many different programs (e.g. a smartphone).
general purpose computer
has a fixed program (e.g. a simple calculator, a digital watch, a car's anti-lock braking system).
special purpose computer
An informal term for error in computer hardware or software -- the term was coined by Grace Hopper.
computer bug
consists of the programs that control the computer.
software
includes its electronic and mechanical components that carries out the instructions of a computer program.
hardware
houses the computer's main electronic components.
motherboard
stores the computer's programs and data temporarily while power is on.
RAM
the part of the computer's hardware that interprets and runs the computer program.
CPU
names a memory location to hold different values in your program.
variable
Variables that are declared and exist only inside a procedure or function (this is called their scope).
local variables
sets a variable to a value or a mathematical expression.
assignment
involves values, variables, and operators for example (a+b)/2
expression
input variables for a procedure.
parameters
Inserts x at end of the list
APPEND(list, x)
inserts an element into a list at the index given
INSERT(list, i, value)
removes the element in the given list at the given index
REMOVE(list, x)
data sent to a computer for processing by a program and can be tactile, audible, visual, or text
input
a block of programming statements that controls the flow or behavior of an algorithm.
control structure
Selection or conditional algorithm that allows a program to choose between different actions.
If/Else
occurs when the ending condition will never evaluate to true.
Infinite loop
Loops that have a predetermined beginning, end, and increment (step interval).
For loop
a programming construct used to repeat a set of commands (loop) as long as (while) a boolean condition is true
While loop
a statement that will evaluate to true or false and run code based on the answer
conditional statement
puts a list into alphabetic or numeric order.
sorting algorithm
a step-by-step procedures for solving a particular problem.
algorithm
a search algorithm that repeatedly divides a sorted list to narrow in on the searched-for item
binary search
specify the values of the parameters when a procedure is called.
arguments
an algorithm that checks ever element in a list from the start to the end of the list to find an item.
linear or sequential search
another term for 'repetition'
iteration
a programming language that is directly readable by the computer's CPU.
machine learning
data sent back from the program to the device and can be tactile, audible, visual, or text.
output
a sequence of instructions that controls the computer.
program
a notation for expressing algorithms, which is more precise that ordinary English but less formal than a programming language.
pseudocode
control structure uses a true or false condition to determine which of two parts of an algorithm is used.
selection
control structure that is the application of each step of an algorithm in the order in which the statements are given.
sequence
a non-executable block of text that can be added to a program to provide clarification and documentation of the code.
comment
Putting two strings together to make a new string.
concatenation
a system of rules that govern the behavior of some system.
protocol
A sequence of characters that can be stored in a variable or list.
string
Part of an existing string
substring
solve by trial and error; trying every possible option
brute force
how well an algorithm uses time and memory/space resources, CPU and RAM
efficiency
A procedure that computes and returns a value.
function
A value sent back by a function to the place in the code where the function was called form
return value
<, >, <=, >=, ==, != indicate a Boolean expression
comparison operators
users are asked to present several separate pieces of evidence involving knowledge (something they know like a password), possession (something they have like a texted code), and/or inherence (something they are like biometrics).
multi-factor authentication (MFA)
The process of removing errors from computer hardware or software.
debugging
a computational model in which operations are performed in order, one at a time on one processor or computer
sequential computing
the number or position of an element in the list.
index
In computer science, this stores multiple items under one variable name and uses an index to number and access them.
list
Symbols like +,-,*,/ used for addition, subtraction, multiplication, division.
operator
in computer science is the practice of organizing and encapsulating algorithms in named procedures that can then be invoked by name. An example would be the 'sqrt(x)', square root of x, which encapsulates the algorithm for calculating the square root of x.
procedural abstraction
the lack of pattern or regularity. A random sequence of events has no order or pattern.
random
data means to transmit data from a computer to an online repository or service such as a bulletin board service, or drop box, or network.
upload
gives the remainder when one number is divided by another.
mod operator
an event that cannot be predicted with certainty. Examples would include flipping a fair coin, rolling a die, picking a card from a well shuffled deck.
random event
an algorithm that generates a sequence of numbers that seem to occur in random order.
random number generator
