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WorksheetsBasic Animal Bone
Total questions: 28
Worksheet time: 14mins
The skeletal system is composed of what?
Bones, ligaments and joints.
Bones, cartilage and joints.
Blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and arteries.
Tissues, muscles and ligaments.
The bones of the skeleton can be classified according to their SHAPE... which of these describes the function of LONG BONES?
Their function is to reduce friction and wear on the tendon by altering the angle at which it passes over a joint.
They consist of an outer layer of compact bone, with a cancellous core. The bones consist mainly in the skull, ribs and scapula.
Their main function is to act as levers during locomotion as they have a cylindrical shaft made of compact bone and full of marrow.
To make the animal taller.
Which of these are functions of the skeletal system are correct? (3)
storage of calcium and phosphates
formation of lymph
storage of fat
formation of red blood cells in the marrow (typically in long bones)
What is the main mineral in bone?
Calcium
Calcium Oxide
Calcium Hydroxide
Calcium Hydroxyapatite
There are three main types of cells found in bone; osteoblasts, osteocytes and osteoclasts. Which of these descriptions match to OSTEOBLASTS?
mature cells which maintain bone structure, they lie within the substance they have created; being mineralized bone.
cells which can break down and remodel bone by reabsorbing the bone minerals.
immature cells which can synthesize the mineralization of bone during bone formation and healing breakages by secreting the substance bone is made of.
Which of these descriptions matches to OSTEOCYTES?
mature cells which maintain bone structure, basically they are osteoblasts that lie within the substance they created' being mineralized bone.
cells which can break down and remodel bone by by reabsorbing the bone minerals.
immature cells which can synthesize the mineralization of bone during bone formation and healing breakages by secreting the substance bone is made of.
Which of these descriptions match to OSTEOCLASTS?
cells which can break down and remodel bone by reabsorbing the bone minerals.
immature cells which can synthesize the mineralization of bone during bone formation and healing breakages by secreting the substance bone is made of.
mature cells which maintain bone structure, basically they are osteoblasts that lie within the substance they created; being mineralized bone.
Which type of bone tissue is found in areas that are prone to stress i.e. long bones like the femur?
cancellous bone
irregular bones
spongey bone
compact bone
Where is cancellous bone/spongey bone most commonly found? (multiple answer question)
Vertebrae
Flat bones
In the middle of long bones
At the end of long bones
Cancellous bone (spongey bone) comprises of microscopic connective tissue in the form of 'branches' with spaces inbetween, hence where the term spongey comes from. Name these branch structures.
Microvilli
Lamellae
Trabeculae
Identify structure 1.
Haversian system
Haversian canal
Lamellae
Osetoblast
Identify structure 2.
Haversian System
Haversian Canal
Lamellae
Osteoblast
Identify Structure 3.
Haversian System
Haversian canal
Lamellae
Osteoblast
Name structure 7.
Epiphyseal Growth Plate
Metaphysis
Medullary Cavity
Diaphysis
What is structure 7 filled with?
Fibrous Tissue
Osteoclasts
Blood vessels
Bone Marrow
The term 'HAEMOPOIETIC' describes what?
Blood flow within a bone.
Bone marrow which produces blood cells.
The blood vessels found within a bone.
Bone marrow turning yellow due to lack of haemoglobin.
What happens to the bone marrow as an animal gets older?
It continues to produce blood cells throughout the animals life and stays a bright red colour.
It dies and becomes a dense tissue.
It turns yellow in colour as it becomes full of fat, becoming inactive.
Its ability of producing red blood cells lessens, but does not become completely inactive.
What is the main blood supply to the bone?
Nutrient Artery
Pulmonary Artery
Veins/vessels within the bone.
Nutrient Foramen.
what is the 'dent' in the bone called at which this artery enters?
Nutrient Artery
Pulmonary artery
Veins/vessels within the bone
Nutrient foramen
The bones of the skeleton can be classified according to their SHAPE... which of these describes FLAT BONES?
Their function is to reduce friction and wear on the tendon by altering the angle at which it passes over a joint.
They consist of an outer layer of compact bone, with a cancellous core. The bones consist mainly in the skull, ribs and scapula.
Their main function is to act as levers during locomotion as they have a cylindrical shaft made of compact bone and full of marrow.
To make the animal taller.
The bones of the skeleton can be classified according to their SHAPE... which of these describes SHORT BONES?
They are small 'cubes' of bone comprising on cancellous core covered in an outer layer of compact bone.
They consist of an outer layer of compact bone, with a cancellous core. The bones consist mainly in the skull, ribs and scapula.
Their main function is to act as levers during locomotion as they have a cylindrical shaft made of compact bone and full of marrow.
Includes vertebrae and some of the more unusual shaped bones of the skull. They consist of an outer layer of compact bone, with a cancellous core.
The bones of the skeleton can be classified according to their SHAPE... which of these describes IRREGULAR BONES?
They are small 'cubes' of bone comprising on cancellous core covered in an outer layer of compact bone.
They consist of an outer layer of compact bone, with a cancellous core. The bones consist mainly in the skull, ribs and scapula.
Their main function is to act as levers during locomotion as they have a cylindrical shaft made of compact bone and full of marrow.
Includes vertebrae and some of the more unusual shaped bones of the skull. They consist of an outer layer of compact bone, with a cancellous core.
The bones of the skeleton can be classified according to their SHAPE... which of these describes SESAMOID BONES?
They are small 'cubes' of bone comprising on cancellous core covered in an outer layer of compact bone.
The frontal and maxillary bones of the skull contaiin air filled cavities or sinuses, which enable the bone to maintain its strength whilst remaining light weight.
Their function is to reduce friction and wear on the tendon by altering the angle at which it passes over a joint. The best known of this example is the patella.
Includes vertebrae and some of the more unusual shaped bones of the skull. They consist of an outer layer of compact bone, with a cancellous core.
The bones of the skeleton can be classified according to their SHAPE... which of these describes PNEUMATIC BONES?
They are small 'cubes' of bone comprising on cancellous core covered in an outer layer of compact bone.
The frontal and maxillary bones of the skull contaiin air filled cavities or sinuses, which enable the bone to maintain its strength whilst remaining light weight.
Their function is to reduce friction and wear on the tendon by altering the angle at which it passes over a joint. The best known of this example is the patella.
Includes vertebrae and some of the more unusual shaped bones of the skull. They consist of an outer layer of compact bone, with a cancellous core.
Name structure 1.
Epiphysis
Metaphysis
Medullary Cavity
Diaphysis
Name structure 2.
Epiphysis
Metaphysis
Medullary Cavity
Diaphysis
Name structure 8.
Epiphyseal growth plate.
Metaphysis
Periosteum.
Diaphysis
Name the structure between 1 & 2.
Epiphyseal growth plate.
Metaphysis
Periosteum.
Diaphysis
