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WorksheetsAP Physics Exam Review
Total questions: 45
Worksheet time: 38mins
The figure above shows two wave pulses that are approaching each other. Which of the following best shows the shape of the resultant pulse when the centers of the pulses, points P and Q coincide?
A tube of length L1 is open at both ends. A second tube of length L2 is closed at one end and open at the other end. This second tube resonates at the same fundamental frequency as the first tube. What is the value of L2?
1/2 L1
L1
2 L1
4 L1
A guitar string of length L can vibrate with three anti-nodes. The straight dashed line shows the equilibrium position of the string. The wave pattern is most likely formed by the superposition of of which of the following pulses or waves?
Two periodic waves of wavelength L/3, one moving to the left and one moving to the right.
Two periodic waves of wavelength 2L/3, one moving to the left and one moving to the right.
The figure shows standing wave patterns in two identical tubes. The tubes contain the same amount of water and the standing waves are produced by holding a vibrating tuning fork near the top of each tube. What is the relationship between the wavelengths λx and λy of the standing waves?
λx = 1/7 λy
λx = 2/7 λy
λx = 7/2 λy
λx = 7 λy
Select two answers.
Between points b and e only
Between points a and f and between points b and c
Between points b and c and between points c and d
Between points a and f and between points b and e
When the circuit shown above is set up, the potential difference across the battery is 3.0 V. By how much will the magnitude of the potential difference across R2 change when R3 is removed and its branch is left open?
The magnitude of the potential difference across R2 does not change.
The magnitude of the potential difference across R2 decreases by 0.5 V.
The magnitude of the potential difference across R2 increases by 0.5 V.
The magnitude of the potential difference across R2 increases by 1.0 V.
A circuit is designed with two resistors, R1 = 200 Ω and R2 = 400 Ω, as shown above. What is the relationship between the three labeled currents?
I1 + I2 = I
I > I1 > I2
I2 > I1 > I
I1 = I2 = I
A person walking along a straight line moves such that her velocity as a function of time can be represented by the graph above. At what time does the person have the same position as she had at time t = 0?
At t = 5 s
During the interval 5 s < t < 8 s
At t = 8 s
During the interval t > 8 s
Which of the following is true when an object of mass m moving on a horizontal frictionless surface hits and sticks to an object of mass M > m, which is initially at rest on the surface?
The collision is elastic.
The momentum of the objects that are stuck together is smaller than the initial momentum of object m.
The speed of the objects that are stuck together will be less than object m's initial speed.
The direction of motion of the objects that are stuck together depends on whether the hit is a head-on collision.
The two blocks of masses M and 2M shown above initially travel at the same speed v but in opposite directions. They collide and stick together. How much mechanical energy is lost to other forms of energy during the collision? (Hint: you need to find the final velocity after the collision first)
1/2 M v²
3/4 M v²
4/3 M v²
3/2 M v²
Two carts, of mass 2m and m, approach each other head-on with the same speed v, as shown in the figure above. When the carts collide, they hook together. Assuming positive momentum is to the right, which of the following best represents the momentum of the cart of mass m as a function of time before AND after the collision?
A clay ball and a rubber ball of the same mass are moving toward a glider that is at rest on a frictionless surface. The balls have the same speed, with the rubber ball moving toward the right and the clay ball moving toward the left, as shown above. The balls strike the glider at the same time. The clay ball sticks to the glider, and the rubber ball bounces off it. Which of the following indicates the direction of motion of the glider after the collisions and explains why it moves in that direction?
The glider moves to the right because the magnitude of the change in momentum of the rubber ball is greater than the magnitude of the change in momentum of the clay ball.
The glider moves to the right because the collision with the rubber ball is elastic and conserves energy.
The glider moves to the left because the clay ball has more inertia when it sticks to the glider than the rubber ball does when it bounces off.
The glider moves to the left because the clay ball exerts a force on the glider for a longer time than the rubber ball does.
A long rod is suspended by a frictionless bearing near its top. A lump of clay is projected from the right, collides with the block and sticks to it. Which one of the following statements is correct about the clay and rod system for this collision?
The mechanical energy, linear momentum and angular momentum remain constant.
The linear momentum and the angular momentum remain constant but the mechanical energy changes.
Only the angular momentum remains constant.
None of the quantities of mechanical energy, linear momentum, or angular momentum remain constant.
A disk initially rotating counterclockwise (CCW) at a certain constant angular speed is suddenly being pulled on by two strings T1 and T2, where T2 > T1. What is going to happen next?
The disk will continued rotating CCW at the constant angular speed.
The disk will continued rotating CCW but it will speed up
The disk will slow down and start rotating CW
The disk will eventually stop rotating
A small vibrating object S moves across the surface of a ripple tank producing the wave fronts shown above. The wave fronts move with speed v. The object is traveling in what direction and with what speed relative to the speed of the wave fronts produced?
A
B
C
D
The weight of an object on an inclined plane is ____________ the normal force.
less than
greater than
equal to
depends on the problem
Three identical blocks each take a different path from a height h to the ground. Block A is released from rest and falls vertically. Block B is released from rest and slides down a frictionless incline. Block C is projected horizontally with an initial speed v. Which block takes the longest time to reach the ground?
A
B
C
The blocks take the same time to reach the ground.
A crate is on a horizontal frictionless surface. A force of magnitude F is exerted on the crate at an angle θ to the horizontal, as shown in the figure, causing the crate to slide to the right. The surface exerts a normal force of magnitude FN on the crate. While F is kept constant, the angle θ is now doubled but is still less than 90°. Assume the crate remains in contact with the surface. How does the new normal force exerted on the crate compare to FN ?
The new normal force is greater than FN .
The new normal force is less than FN .
The new normal force is equal to FN .
The new normal force is greater or less than FN depending on the value of θ.
When the frictionless system shown above is accelerated by an applied force of magnitude the tension in the string between the blocks is
F
2/3 F
1/2 F
1/3 F
Two masses, m1 and m2, are connected by a cord and arranged as shown in the diagram with m1 sliding along on a frictionless surface and m2 hanging from a light frictionless pulley. What would be the mass of the falling mass, m2, if both the sliding mass, m1, and the tension, T, in the cord were known?
(m1g -T)/g
1/2 Tg
(m1(T-g))/(gm1-T)
Tm1/(gm1-T)
An eagle flies at constant velocity horizontally across the sky, carrying a turtle in its talons. The eagle releases the turtle while in flight. From the eagle’s perspective, the turtle falls vertically with speed v1. From an observer on the ground’s perspective, at a particular instant the turtle falls at an angle with speed v2. What is the speed of the eagle with respect to an observer on the ground?
v1+v2
v1−v2
√(v21−v22)
√(v22−v21)
A body of mass 20 kg mass is placed 4 m above the Earth's surface. The value of g may be taken as 10 m/s2. What are the gravitational field strength and gravitational force acting on the body?
A
B
C
D
30 m/s
50 m/s
70 m/s
90 m/s
Using a force probe, a student generates the graph above of the force exerted on a small wagon as a function of time. The wagon starts from rest and rolls with negligible friction in the axles. Which of the following graphs best represents the wagon's momentum as a function of time?
The graph shows the force on an object of mass M as a function of time. For the time interval 0 to 4 s, the total change in momentum of the object is
40 kg m/s
20 kg m/s
0 kg m/s
-20 kg m/s
A
B
C
D
A mass is hung from a spring and set into vertical oscillation. Which row in the table correctly shows the kinetic energy K of the mass at maximum displacement and the potential energy U of the mass at the equilibrium position?
A
B
C
D
An object swings on the end of a cord as a simple pendulum with period T. Another object oscillates up and down on the end of a vertical spring also with period T. If the masses of both objects are doubled, what are the new values for the Periods?
A
B
C
D
Which of the following graphs correctly represents the total mechanical energy of this spring-mass system? Assume no damping.
A system consists of a disk rotating on a frictionless axle and a piece of clay moving toward it, as shown in the figure above. The outside edge of the disk is moving at a linear speed v, and the clay is moving at speed v/2. The clay sticks to the outside edge of the disk. How does the angular momentum of the system after the clay sticks compare to the angular momentum of the system before the clay sticks, and what is an explanation for the comparison?
It is the same because there is no external torque acting on the system
It is greater because the rotating mass increases, which increases the rotational inertia.
It is less because the speed of the disk decreases when the clay sticks to it.
It is less because the angular momentum if the clay opposes that of the disk.
A disk of known radius and rotational inertia can rotate without friction in a horizontal plane around its fixed central axis. The disk has a cord of negligible mass wrapped around its edge. The disk is initially at rest, and the cord can be pulled to make the disk rotate. Which of the following procedures would best determine the relationship between applied torque and the resulting change in angular momentum of the disk?
Pulling on the cord, exerting a force of 15 N for 2 s and then 25 N for 3 s, and measuring the final angular velocity of the disk
For five forces of different time intervals, pulling on the cord for 5 s, exerting a force of 15 N, and then measuring the angle through which the disk rotates in each case
For five forces of different time intervals, pulling on the cord for 5 s, exerting a force of 15 N, and then measuring the final angular velocity of the disk
For five forces of different magnitude, pulling on the cord for 5 s, and then measuring the final angular velocity of the disk
An object is moving to the right with speed vi when a force of magnitude F is exerted on it. In which of the following situations is the object’s direction of motion changing and kinetic energy decreasing at the instant shown?
A rocket is continuously firing its engines as it accelerates away from Earth. For the first kilometer of its ascent, the mass of fuel ejected is small compared to the mass of the rocket. For this distance, which of the following indicates the changes, if any, in the kinetic energy of the rocket, the gravitational potential energy of the Earth-rocket system, and the mechanical energy of the Earth-rocket system?
A
B
C
D
A pendulum is pulled to one side and released. It swings freely to the opposite side and stops. Which of the following might best represent graphs of kinetic energy (Ek), potential energy (Ep) and total mechanical energy (ET)
See picture
A
B
C
D
E
A block on a level surface is attached to one end of a spring, as shown in the figure above. The other end of the spring is attached to a wall. There is friction between the block and the surface. A person displaces the block from its equilibrium position and releases it. Which of the following shows the mechanical energy E as a function of time t for the system that includes only the block and the system that includes the block and spring?
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
