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Physical Ocean Review

Total questions: 75

Worksheet time: 56mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Because the earth is spinning on its axis, the global winds appear to curve. This is known as the __________ ________.
a)
Coriolis Effect
b)
Greenhouse Effect
c)
Climate Effect
d)
Atmosphere Effect
2.
What type of breeze is created when the land is warmer than the ocean?
a)
Seabreeze
b)
Landbreeze
3.
Which weather tool measures air pressure?
a)
thermometer
b)
barometer
c)
anemometer
d)
psychrometer
4.
Atmospheric conditions, along with short-term changes, of a particular place at a particular time
a)
weather
b)
climate
c)
air pressure
d)
precipitation
5.
The layer of the atmosphere where weather occurs is the _.
a)
thermosphere
b)
stratosphere
c)
mesosphere
d)
troposphere
6.
Thunderstorm clouds are called - 
a)
Cirrus
b)
Stratus
c)
Cumulus
d)
Cumulonimbus
7.

What atmospheric conditions are necessary to form hurricanes?

a)

warm water, high humidity, and low pressure

b)

cool water, high humidity, and low pressure

c)

cool water, low humidity, and high pressure

d)

warm water, low humidity, and low pressure

8.

During an El Nino event, winds in the western Pacific Ocean strengthen and push __________________ eastward

a)

warm water

b)

warm air

c)

cold water

d)

cold air

9.

Because water ___________, ocean currents have a great effect on climate.

a)

cannot hold heat

b)

hold large amounts of heat

c)

moves more slowly than air

d)

stays colder than air

10.

Latitude strongly influences climate becasue ________ solar energy falls on areas that are closer to the equator than to the poles.

a)

the same amount of

b)

sometimes less

c)

more

d)

less

11.

La Nina is the __________ phase of the El Nino - Southern Oscillation cycle.

a)

warm

b)

neutral

c)

mixing

d)

cold

12.
Movements of ocean water in a continuous flow are called?
a)
ocean currents
b)
global winds
c)
air mass
d)
front
13.
Due to the Coriolis Effect, water in the northern hemisphere moves
a)
clockwise
b)
counter clockwise
c)
both
d)
neither
14.
Due to the Coriolis Effect, water in the southern hemisphere moves
a)
clockwise
b)
counter-clockwise
c)
both
d)
neither
15.
Warm ocean currents generally come from
a)
The North Pole
b)
The South Pole
c)
The Equator
d)
Both A and B
16.
Deep Ocean currents are a result of
a)
Global Wind Patterns
b)
Earth's Rotation
c)
Density
d)
All of the above
17.

______ causes surface currents.

a)

The Coriolis Effect

b)

gravity

c)

density differences

d)

wind

18.

A[n] ___________ tide occurs when the sun, Earth, and the moon are inline.

a)

spring

b)

high

c)

low

d)

neap

19.
What type of tides would this arrangement of earth-moon-sun create?
a)
neap tide
b)
spring tide
c)
new moon tide
d)
full moon tide
20.
What type of tide would this arrangement of earth-moon-sun create?
a)
full moon tide
b)
new moon tide
c)
neap tide
d)
spring tide
21.

What is a high tide?

a)

Sea pulled TOWARD the moon where Earth is CLOSEST to the moon

b)

Sea pulled AWAY from the moon where Earth is FARTHEST to the moon

c)

Sea pulled AWAY from the moon where Earth is CLOSEST to the moon

22.
This type of aquatic ecosystem is a mix of fresh and salt water.
a)
estuary
b)
lake
c)
river
23.
Which is a fresh water ecosystem?
a)
river
b)
estuary
c)
ocean
24.

Aquatic life is abundant, diverse, and full of sunlight at which zone?

a)

littoral zone

b)

benthic zone

c)

limnetic zone

25.

Almost ____% of the earth's surface is covered with water.

a)

100%

b)

75%

c)

50%

d)

35%

26.

Which aquatic ecosystem are streams?

a)

estuaries

b)

freshwater ecosystem

c)

ocean

d)

wetland

27.

What are the two most important abiotic factors in determining the productivity, or amount of life in different areas of the ocean? Choose two.

a)

Amount of sunlight.

b)

Wind and wave speed

c)

Nutrient levels in the water

d)

Amount of dissolved carbon dioxide in the water

28.

Pond/Lake

a)

A an area of freshwater completely surrounded by land.

b)

An area of low-lying ground where water collects.

c)

A coastal ecosystem that is regularly flooded by the tides.

d)

In deep ocean waters, few plants can grow. Animals often are bio-luminescent.

29.

Select all of the Abiotic factors below

a)

water temperature

b)

all the plants in the ecosystem

c)

salinity (salt level)

d)

amount of light

e)

pH levels

30.

What are wetlands?

a)

areas of land that are flooded at least part of the year

b)

the ocean

c)

lakes

d)

estuaries

31.

What is NOT an important feature of a wetland?

a)

Prevents flooding

b)

Provides habitat for organisms

c)

Prevents wildfires

d)

Filters and purifies water

32.
The bottom region of oceans and bodies of fresh water is 
a)
Benthos
b)
Benthic Zone
c)
Limnetic Zone
d)
Nekton
33.

Which best describes what a food chain shows you?

a)

Energy flow through an ecosystem

b)

Food flowing through an ecosystem

c)

Consumers going into other consumers

d)

Who eats who

34.

What is the role of a producer?

a)

Gain energy from eating other organisms

b)

Breaking down dead stuff

c)

Use sunlight to make food

d)

Keep other species from overpopulating

35.

An organism that needs to eat other organisms to obtain energy is known as a:

a)

Autotroph

b)

Producer

c)

Mutualist

d)

Consumer

36.

The arrows in a food chain or web represents what?

a)

They point to the organism that is being eaten.

b)

They show what direction the energy is flowing between organisms.

c)

It shows how sunlight flows within an ecosystem.

d)

They represent how water is transferred within a habitat.

37.

How much energy is available to be passed on to the next trophic level in an ecosystem?

a)

700%

b)

20%

c)

5%

d)

10%

38.

In the energy pyramid here, which organisms have the most energy available?

a)

Top Predator

b)

Herbivores

c)

Carnivores

d)

Producers

39.

The owl receives energy from which organisms?

a)

grasshopper and mouse

b)

rabbit and butterfly

c)

mouse and rabbit

d)

butterfly and frog

40.

What would happen to the blue whale population if the krill population went extinct?

a)

the blue whale population eats other things in the food web

b)

the blue whale population would increase

c)

The blue whale population would remain the same.

d)

the blue whale population would also decrease

41.
When humans burn fossil fuels, most of the carbon quickly enters the                       as carbon dioxide.
a)
Water
b)
Atmosphere
c)
Sun
d)
Air
42.
How do living organisms return carbon to the atmosphere in the carbon cycle?
a)
respiration and photosynthesis
b)
 decomposition and respiration
43.
In the carbon cycle, producers take in the gas __
a)
carbon dioxide
b)
oxygen
c)
nitrogen
d)
carbon monoxide
44.
All of the carbon in existence is continually recycled in the carbon cycle
a)
True
b)
False
45.
Which of the following removes carbon from the atmosphere?
a)
Combustion
b)
Respiration
c)
Photosynthesis
d)
Death
46.
Organisms that do not decompose can be buried and become what?
a)
water
b)
nutrients
c)
air
d)
fossil fuels
47.

Which is a true statement?

a)

Humans depend on oxygen, plants depend on carbon dioxide

b)

Plants produce carbon dioxide

c)

Humans depend on carbon dioxide, plants depend on oxygen

d)

Humans don't depend on plants for the air they need

48.
Why is the ocean important to the carbon cycle?
a)
It keeps sediment containing carbon underwater for millions of years
b)
The ocean gives out more carbon then it takes in (increases global warming)
c)
The ocean isn't important to the carbon cycle.
49.

How is the carbon cycle similar to the water cycle?

a)

Both involve liquid substances falling to the Earth from the atmosphere?

b)

Neither process works at low temperature.

c)

Both involve the transfer of substances between animals, plants, and the Earth.

d)

Both involve the transfer of substances between the earth and outer space.

50.
Why are clouds a key element of the water cycle?
a)
increase amount of water on the planet
b)
protect land from sunlight
c)
lower temperature of the air
d)
transport water from one part of the planet to another
51.
How can water vapor in the air return to Earth?
a)
evaporates and blown by the wind
b)
evaporates and forms clouds
c)
condenses then precipitates
d)
sticks to any warm surface 
52.
How do clouds change the influence of the sun on the water cycle?
a)
produce precipitation, resulting in more fresh water
b)
shield water sources from the sun, reducing evaporation
c)
enhance the heat of the sun on the earth
d)
focus the sun's light
53.

Choose all that apply. During what processes do the carbon and water cycle overlap and interact in biotic factors?

a)

Infiltration

b)

precipitation

c)

photosynthesis

d)

cellular respiration

54.

Choose all that apply. During what process do that carbon and water cycle overlap and interact with only abiotic factors?

a)

photosynthesis

b)

sedimentation

c)

assimilation

d)

precipitation

55.

More than half of Earth's ___________ is created by phytoplankton (ocean creatures that photosynthesize) in the ocean.

a)

oxygen

b)

carbon

c)

volcanoes

d)

pollution

56.
The process where plants absorb water through the roots and then give off water vapor through their leaves.
a)
Transpiration
b)
Respiration
c)
Oxygen
d)
Infiltration
57.
A slow-moving mass of ice formed from snow accumulation over hundreds to thousands of years. 
a)
Glacier
b)
Groundwater
c)
Lake
d)
Ocean
58.

What converts nitrogen gas into a usable form for plants and animals?

a)

bacteria

b)

rain

c)

fungi

d)

car exhaust

59.

Organisms that need nitrogen to survive.

a)

only plants

b)

only animals

c)

only bacteria

d)

all living things

60.

How is nitrogen "fixed" into a usable form for plants?

a)

Through action of bacteria only

b)

Through lightning only

c)

Through action of bacteria and lightning

d)

Through photosynthesis

61.

How do animals get the nitrogen they need?

a)

From the air they breathe

b)

From the water they drink

c)

From the food they eat

d)

From the sun

62.

What is the process of combining nitrogen gas with other elements to make nitrogen into usable compounds?

a)

nitrogen composition

b)

nitrogen fixation

c)

ammonia

d)

denitrification

63.

What is the formula for atmospheric nitrogen?

a)

N

b)

N2

c)

NH3

d)

NO3

64.

What process occurs when dead plant and animal matter decomposes and nitrogen is released back into the atmosphere?

a)

Assimilation

b)

Fixation

c)

Ammonification

d)

Denitrification

65.
 The density of ocean water is influenced by what two factors?
a)
 Salinity and temperature
b)
Water color and chlorophyll
c)
 Dissolved gases and dissolved solids
d)
 Dissolved carbon and trace elements
66.
 What is true about the water on the bottom of the ocean?
a)
 It is the saltiest water found in the ocean
b)
It is the densest water found in the ocean
c)
 It is not frozen because sunlight warms it up
d)
 It does not move
67.

What is stratification?

a)

Layering of ocean water based on its properties (temperature, salinity, density, etc.)

b)

Temperature differences with depth

c)

Salinity differences with depth

d)

Mixing of ocean water despite its different properties

68.
T4 - Seawater is typically denser than freshwater due to seawater’s —
a)
Greater depth
b)
Lower freezing point
c)
Smaller mass
d)
Higher salinity
69.

Which direction does warmer water from the equator generally move?

a)

Toward the poles

b)

Toward the equator

c)

In a circular motion

d)

Stays in place.

70.

What causes ocean water to rise?

a)

Low density

b)

High density

c)

High salinity

d)

Low temperature

71.

What is the main reason coastal areas experience minimal temperature changes during the day?

a)

The ocean has a high specific heat.

b)

The land heats up faster.

c)

The ocean has low specific heat.

d)

The land cools down faster.

72.

What answer selection best describes a topographical feature where a large body of water meets the land?

a)

shoreline

b)

estuary

c)

continental shelf

d)

continental slope

73.

What answer selection best describes the area of seabed around a large landmass where sea is relatively shallow?

a)

continental shelf

b)

estuary

c)

shoreline

d)

continental slope

74.

What answer selection best describes the sloping transition between the continental shelf and deep ocean floor?

a)

continental rise

b)

continental shelf

c)

submarine canyon

d)

continental slope

75.

What answer selection best describes the slope between the outer edge of the continental shelf and the ocean floor?

a)

continental slope

b)

abyssal plain

c)

continental shelf

d)

continental rise

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