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DNA, RNA, Protein Synthesis

Total questions: 48

Worksheet time: 2hrs 48mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The four bases of DNA are

a)

Thymine, Adenine, Uracil, and Cytosine

b)

Thymine, Guanine, Adenine, and Cytosine

c)

Cytosine, Adenine, Ribose, and Deoxyribose

d)

Adenine, Guanine, Cortisol, and Medicine

2.

A segment of DNA is shown in the diagram. Which of these identifies the part of the DNA segment labeled X?

a)

Nucleotide

b)

Phosphate group

c)

Hydrogen bond

d)

Deoxyribose

3.

What part of the Nucleotide is labeled "3"?

a)

Sugar

b)

Phosphate

c)

Nitrogenous Base

4.

What part of the Nucleotide is labeled "2"?

a)

Sugar

b)

Phosphate

c)

Nitrogenous Base

5.

What part of the Nucleotide is labeled "1"?

a)

Sugar

b)

Phosphate

c)

Nitrogenous Base

6.

In the DNA double helix, what type of bond holds the two strands together?

a)

Covalent bond

b)

Hydrogen bond

c)

Ionic bond

7.
A portion of mRNA is coded CUG. The corresponding DNA is coded
a)
GAC
b)
GTC
c)
CTG
d)
CAG
8.
A portion of DNA reads GAG. The corresponding mRNA would be
a)
GUG
b)
GTG
c)
CTC
d)
CUC
9.
In RNA, uracil takes the place of the DNA nitrogen base called
a)
guanine
b)
cytosine
c)
thymine
d)
adenine
10.

molecule 1 is found in

a)
ribosomes
b)
chloroplasts
c)
cytoplasm
d)
the nucleus
11.

The process of DNA to mRNA is

a)

Transcription

b)

Translation

c)

Replication

12.

The process of mRNA to polypeptide is

a)

Transcription

b)

Translation

c)

Replication

13.

What three parts make up a nucleotide?

a)

Phosphate Group

b)

Hydrogen Base

c)

Sugar

d)

Nitrogen Base

14.

What makes up the backbone of DNA?

a)

Phosphate group and Nitrogen Base

b)

Phosphate group and sugar

c)

Sugar and Nitrogen Base

15.

In DNA, G pairs with

a)

T

b)

A

c)

C

d)

U

16.

In DNA, A pairs with

a)

T

b)

G

c)

C

d)

U

17.

In RNA, A pairs with

a)

T

b)

U

c)

C

d)

G

18.

DNA sequence is TCA

What is the mRNA sequence?

a)

CAT

b)

GAT

c)

AGT

d)

AGU

19.
Which of the following units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA?
a)
amino acids
b)
nucleotides
c)
fatty acids
d)

polypeptides

20.
Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)

ribose and phosphate

b)

deoxyribose and a hydrogen bond

c)

deoxyribose and ribose

d)

deoxyribose and phosphate

21.

A process in which DNA makes an exact copy of itself.

a)
Replication
b)
Translation
c)
Transcription
22.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
23.
The following picture must be
a)
DNA because it's double stranded
b)
RNA because it's single stranded
c)
DNA because it's single stranded
d)
RNA because it's double stranded
24.
What does this picture represent?
a)
amino acid
b)

RNA nucleotide

c)

DNA nucleotide

d)

polypeptide

25.

What is the correct sequence?

a)

DNA -> RNA -> protein

b)

Protein -> DNA - > RNA

c)

DNA -> Protein -> RNA

d)

DNA -> RNA -> DNA -> Protein

26.

You use the codon chart to find the correct _______

a)

RNA

b)

nitrogen base

c)

phosphate

d)

amino acid

27.

Where does transcription take place?

a)

cell membrane

b)

nucleus

c)

cytoplasm

d)

ribosome

28.

What does tRNA do during translation?

a)

it brings a specific segment of DNA to the ribosome for transcription

b)

it brings any amino acid to the ribosome

c)

it brings a specific amino acid (decided by the codon) to the ribosome for translation

29.

RNA contains which sugar?

a)

deoxyribose

b)

Ribose

c)

glucose

d)

fructose

30.

Which RNA brings amino acids?

a)

rRNA

b)

tRNA

c)

mRNA

31.
How would the DNA sequence GCTATA be transcribed to mRNA?
a)
GCUAUA
b)
CGATAT
c)
CGAUAU
d)
GCUTUT
32.

Transcribe the following DNA sequence:


AAT TAG GGC TCG

a)

AAT TAG GGC TCG

b)

TTA ATC CCG AGC

c)

UUA AUC CCG AGC

d)

TTU UTC CCG UGC

33.

Translate the following mRNA sequence:


AUG AAC GGC

a)

Met - Asp - Gly

b)

Gly - Met - Pro

c)

Met - Asp - Stop

d)

Leu - His - Pro

34.
Replicate the following strand of DNA: 
AATCATGGA
a)
AATCATGGA
b)
TTAGTACCT
c)
UUAGUACCU
d)
GGATAUCUA
35.
Translation takes place in the 
a)
ribosome
b)
chloroplast
c)
nucleus
d)
mitochondria
36.
What is the term for a three-nucleotide sequence that codes for an amino acid?
a)

polypeptide

b)
codon
c)

anticodon

d)

deoxyribose

37.
How many amino acids are coded for by this sequence of nucleotides:
ATG GGA ACT CCA
a)
4
b)
2
c)
6
d)
12
38.

important component of the ribosomes, bonds the amino acids together to create the polypeptide chain

a)

mRNA

b)

rRNA

c)

tRNA

d)

codon

39.

takes the message from DNA out of the nucleus

a)

mRNA

b)

rRNA

c)

tRNA

d)

codon

40.

Process in which the cell copies or duplicates its DNA; occurs during the S-phase of interphase

a)

DNA Replication

b)

Transcription

c)

Translation

d)

Central Dogma

41.

the sugar that is found in the nucleotides that make up DNA

a)

Ribose

b)

Deoxyribose

c)

RNA

d)

DNA

42.

DNA strands are _____, which means they are side by side but going in opposite directions

a)

Double helix

b)

Antiparallel

c)

Complementary

d)

Semiconservative

43.

"twisted ladder", the shape of DNA

a)

Double helix

b)

Antiparallel

c)

Complementary

d)

Semiconservative

44.

Mutations can be...

a)

Harmful

b)

Beneficial

c)

Neutral

d)

All of the Above

45.

A substitution mutation occurs when

a)

a base pair is missing from the DNA strand

b)

a base pair is added to the DNA strand

c)

a base pair is replaced with a different base pair

46.

An insertion/additon mutation occurs when

a)

a base pair is missing from the DNA strand

b)

a base pair is added to the DNA strand

c)

a base pair is replaced with a different base pair

47.

A deletion mutation occurs when

a)

a base pair is missing from the DNA strand

b)

a base pair is added to the DNA strand

c)

a base pair is replaced with a different base pair

48.

This is considered the most harmful type of gene mutation. It occurs when the codon reading frame is shifted and creates a chain reaction of errors in amino acids.

a)

Substitution

b)

Frameshift

c)

Point mutation

d)

Gene