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DNA chapter 13

Total questions: 63

Worksheet time: 58mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains uracil
2.
What determines the code, or information, of a DNA molecule?
a)
the shape (structure) of the nitrogen bases
b)
the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases
c)
the color of the nitrogen bases
d)
the frequency (number) of nitrogen bases
3.
The two strands of nitrogenous bases in DNA are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
4.
The drawing shows the structure of what molecule?
a)
A DNA molecule
b)
A lipid molecule
c)
A carbohydrate molecule
d)
A protein molecule
5.
What does DNA stand for?
a)
Deoxyribonucleic acid
b)
Denitrogenous acid
c)
Deribonucleic acid
d)
Diribonucleic acid
6.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
7.

DNA can determine...choose ALL correct answers

a)

how tall we will be

b)

our risk for disease

c)

hair color

d)

eye color

8.

A nucleotide is made up of the following: choose all correct answers

a)

sugar

b)

phosphate

c)

nitrogenous

d)

carbohydrate

9.

The pneumonic used to remember which nitrogenous bases pair is:

a)

apple tree; car garage

b)

cold apple; guava tree

c)

top coat; giant ant

d)

carrot top; aunt gertie

10.

How many chromosomes are found in each of our somatic (body) cells?

a)

23

b)

46

c)

92

d)

1

11.

Which best defines heredity?

a)

The passing of traits from parent to offspring.

b)

The passing of traits from offspring to child.

c)

A portion of DNA that codes for a protein.

d)

The building blocks of a gene.

12.

What codes for your traits?

a)

DNA that is found in the rough ER

b)

Proteins found in the nucleus

c)

Proteins found in the cytoplasm

d)

DNA found in the nucleus

13.

DNA belongs to a group of biomolecules called

a)

Proteins

b)

Lipids

c)

Carbohydrates

d)

Nucleic acids

14.

Which best describes DNA?

a)

Its monomers are called amino acids which consist of a sugar, a phosphate, and a carbon base.

b)

Its monomers are called nucleotides which consist of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogen base.

c)

Its monomers are called nucleotides which consist of a sugar, a nitrate, and a phosphorus base.

d)

Its monomers are called monosaccharides which consist of a sugar, a phosphate, and a hydrogen base.

15.

Which part of the DNA molecule determines your traits?

a)

The sequence of the carbon bases

b)

The sequence of the phosphorus bases

c)

The sequence of the nitrogen bases

d)

The sequence of the hydrogen bases

16.
The enzyme that unzips the DNA to prepare for replication
a)
helicase
b)
replicase
c)
polymerase
d)
synthase
17.
DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,
a)
each one with two original strands
b)
each one with two new strands
c)
each one with one new strand and one original strand
d)
one with two new strands and the other with two original strands
18.
DNA replication turns one strand of DNA into two new strands of DNA. What percent of each new strand is the old strand?
a)
Half of each new DNA is the old DNA
b)
The old strand of DNA was digested, so none
c)
The new DNA is entirely made up of the old DNA
d)
About every sixth base comes from the old DNA
19.
Which enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides?
a)
Topoisomerase
b)
DNA Polymerase
c)
Ligase
d)
Primase
20.
Based on the diagram, how many origins of replication are represented?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
21.
Based on the diagram, the enzyme (represented in gray) is most likely...
a)
DNA polymerase
b)
DNA Ligase
c)
Nuclease
d)
Helicase
22.

DNA Replication occurs during which phase of the cell cycle?

a)

G 1 phase

b)

S phase

c)

G 2 phase

d)

Mitotic phase

23.
order of replication
a)
3, 2, 1, 4
b)
2, 1, 4, 3
c)
2, 3, 1, 4
d)
3, 4, 1, 2
24.

Why does DNA replicate?

a)

To create a duplicate copy in case the original gets damaged

b)

New cells will have a copy of the DNA

c)

To create a new copy to replace the damaged original

25.

What makes up the SIDES of a DNA ladder?

a)

nitrogen bases

b)

sugars & phosphates

c)

genes & chromosomes

d)

RNA

26.

What makes up the rungs (steps) of a DNA ladder?

a)

sugars & phosphates

b)

nitrogen bases

c)

sugars

d)

genes & chromosomes

27.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)

double helix

b)

contains ribose

c)

made of amino acids

d)

contains Uracil

28.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)

polar bonds

b)

ionic bonds

c)

covalent bonds

d)

hydrogen bonds

29.
Cytosine always pairs with
a)

Adenine

b)

Thymine

c)

Uracil

d)

Guanine

30.

What is the complement to the DNA strand below:
5'-ATGCCAT-3'

(a)  

31.
What are the 4 nitrogen bases?
a)

adenine, thymine, cytoplasm, and guanine

b)

adenine, thymine cytosine, and guanine

c)

adenine, thymine, cytosine, and gylcerol

d)

adenine, thymine, cytosine, and glucose

32.
Which organelle is DNA usually found in?
a)

cell membrane

b)

vacuole

c)

chloroplast

d)

nucleus

33.

If 23% of the nitrogenous bases in a DNA molecule are guanine, what percentage of the nitrogenous bases will be adenine?

a)

27%

b)

23%

c)

46%

d)

54%

34.

DNA's overall shape/structure was FIRST discovered using x-rays by ____.

a)

Watson and Crick

b)

Oswald Avery

c)

Erwin Chargaff

d)

Rosalind Franklin

35.
This scientist(s) found a "transforming principle" that changed harmless bacteria into harmful bacteria
a)
Mendel
b)
Avery
c)
Chargraff
d)
Griffith
36.
This scientist(s) conducted experiments that involved injecting mice with S bacteria and R bacteria.
a)
Avery
b)
Griffith
c)
Watson & Crick
d)
Hershey & Chase
37.
From his work with mice and pneumonia-causing bacteria, Frederick Griffin coined the term
a)
Replication
b)
Transcription
c)
Transformation
d)
Translation
38.
By using radioactive isotopes, Hershey and Chase were able to conclude that __ is/are the carrier(s) of genetic information.
a)
nucleic acid
b)
Proteins
c)
Carbohydrates
d)
Lipids
39.
The work of scientists including Griffin, Avery, Hershey & Chase and Franklin helped us to determine the __ are responsible for carrying genetic material.
a)
Amino Acids
b)
Proteins
c)
Nucleic Acids
d)
Carbohydrates
40.
Griffith discovered that
a)
DNA is different than RNA.
b)
adenine = thymine.
c)
bacteria can transfer DNA.
d)
DNA is the genetic molecule.
41.
What organism was Griffith using when he discovered that a harmless strain of bacteria could transform into a lethal strain of bacteria?
a)
pea plants
b)
fruit flies
c)
bacteriophages
d)
mice
42.

Who FIRST showed that DNA was the transforming factor?

a)

Griffith

b)

Avery

c)

Chargaff

d)

Franklin

43.
Which scientists used viruses and radioactive isotopes to definitively prove that DNA, and not protein, was the molecule of heredity?
a)
Griffith and Avery
b)
Chargaff and Franklin
c)
Watson and Crick
d)
Hershey and Chase
44.

What is a virus that infects bacteria called?

a)

bacteriophage

b)

infectious virus

c)

transformation

d)

gene change

45.
Adenine bonds with ______________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
46.

What occurred when Griffith injected a mouse with heat-killed smooth pneumonia mixed with rough pneumonia?

a)

The mouse lived

b)

The mouse died

47.

What occurred when Griffith injected a mouse with heat-killed smooth pneumonia?

a)

The mouse lived

b)

The mouse died

48.

What occurred when Griffith injected a mouse with the smooth pneumonia?

a)

The mouse lived

b)

The mouse died

49.

What occurred when Griffith injected a mouse with the rough pneumonia?

a)

The mouse lived

b)

The mouse died

50.
The scientist(s) who finally figured out the structure of DNA
a)
Avery
b)
Griffith
c)
Hershey & Chase
d)
Watson & Crick
51.

Which of the following is NOT a nitrogenous base?

a)

adenine

b)

cytosine

c)

thymine

d)

guanine

e)

uranine

52.

What is the name of the scientist that came up with the rule where A must combine with T and G must combine with C?

a)

Hershey-Chase

b)

Chargaff

c)

Franklin

d)

Griffith

53.

Rosalind Franklin worked with what type of radiation in her study of the DNA?

a)

X-ray

b)

UV Ray

c)

Microwave

d)

Nuclear

54.

Watson and Crick was responsible find the ______________ shape of the DNA

a)

double helix

b)

triple helix

c)

single helix

d)

antiparallel

55.

Which scientist won the Nobel Prize for their work on the DNA model?

a)

Watson and Crick

b)

Franklin

c)

Chargaff

d)

Hershey and Chase

56.

If one side of the DNA is TCAGCTTTA, what DNA would bond to it on the other side?

a)

A G A C G A A A T

b)

A C T C G A A A C

c)

A G T C G A A A T

d)

None of these is correct

57.

Why do cells need to do replication?

a)

To make enzymes

b)

So new cells can have a copy of DNA

c)

So new cells can have a copy of the organelles

d)

To get information out of the nucleus

58.

Making two identical copies of DNA is called __________.

a)

Duplication

b)

Transcription

c)

Translation

d)

Replication

59.

Which is the correct order for the steps of replication?

a)

Add to it, unzip it, unwind it, connect it

b)

Unzip it, Unwind it, add to it, connect it

c)

Unwind it, add to it, connect it, unzip it

d)

Unwind it, unzip it, add to it, connect it

60.

What is the function of DNA?

a)

To build proteins

b)

To store genetic information

c)

To carry a code to the ribisome

d)

To carry amino acids to the ribisome

61.

Which of these is NOT part of DNA?

a)

deoxyribose

b)

adenine

c)

ribose

d)

a phosphate group

62.

Which of these scientists was NOT involved in figuring out the structure of DNA?

a)

Mendel

b)

Watson

c)

Franklin

d)

Crick

63.

Name the round, blue structure in the diagram.

a)

Deoxyribose

b)

Phosphate

c)

Nitrogen base

d)

Ribose

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