Which motion causes some constellations to be visible in New York State only during winter nights and other constellations to be visible only during summer nights?

[Use page 8 of the ESSRT] Which set of New York State locations would have the greatest difference in the altitude of Polaris observed in the night sky?

The photograph below was taken by aiming a camera at a portion of the night sky above Albany, New York, for a period of time to record the apparent star motion, resulting in star trails. Which celestial object is located at the center of the star trails?

Which diagram correctly matches the location of the Sun with the direction of the shadow cast by the stick?

In order to maximize the amount of insolation absorbed by a roof in a colder climate, roofing materials should be

Uneven heating of Earth’s surface and atmosphere, along with the Coriolis Effect, produces ocean currents with a general

Which human activity contributes to the high levels of greenhouse gases in Earth’s atmosphere?

What is the main reason that locations near oceans have smaller annual temperature ranges than locations inland at the same latitude?

The diagram below represents the magnetic polarity preserved by minerals within the bedrock of the oceanic crust near the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Letters A, B, C, and D represent locations on the ocean-floor bedrock. The oldest bedrock is found at location

Bouvet Island is the most remote uninhabited island in the world. It is located above a geologic hot spot on the Southwest Indian Ridge. The closest landmass to the island is Antarctica, which is 1700 km away. The distance between Bouvet Island and Antarctica is approximately equal to the distance from Earth’s surface to the [USE PAGE 11 OF THE ESSRT]

Bouvet Island is the most remote uninhabited island in the world. It is located above a geologic hot spot on the Southwest Indian Ridge. The closest landmass to the island is Antarctica, which is 1700 km away. Which cross section best represents the mantle convection currents formed beneath the Bouvet hot spot?

Bouvet Island is the most remote uninhabited island in the world. It is located above a geologic hot spot on the Southwest Indian Ridge. The closest landmass to the island is Antarctica, which is 1700 km away. Which ocean current would most likely influence the climate of Bouvet Island? [USE PAGE 20 OF ESSRT]

What is the approximate altitude of Polaris at Riverhead, New York? [USE 7 OF ESSRT]

Which instrument provides direct evidence of Earth’s rotation?

Which diagram best represents the positions of the equator, Earth’s axis with the North Pole labeled (N), and Polaris (*) relative to each other?

The photograph below shows the Great Square of Pegasus, consisting of a pattern of four stars, as viewed from New York State during the fall season. Which motion causes this square pattern of stars to be visible in the nighttime sky from New York State in the fall, but not in the spring?

Which diagram best represents the wavelength of incoming solar radiation received on Earth and the wavelength of outgoing radiation?

Which statement best explains why most of the surface of Lake Erie usually remains as liquid water in late autumn, even though surrounding land surfaces and air temperatures may be below freezing?

The photograph below shows the large-scale eruption of volcanic ash from Mount Kelud in Indonesia in 2014. This volcanic ash in the atmosphere causes

Ireland and England, islands along the northwest coast of Europe, have climates that are warmer than the climate of New York State, even though these islands are located farther north. This increased average temperature is mostly due to heat supplied by the prevailing winds and the [USE PAGE 20 OF ESSRT]

The map represents an imaginary continent on a planet that has climate conditions similar to Earth. Points A through G represent locations on the continent. The arrows represent the general direction of the prevailing winds. Which climate factor causes location B to have a warmer climate than location E?

The diagrams represent the apparent paths and solar noon positions of the Sun on specific dates at four different Earth locations, labeled A, B, C, and D. At which location and on which date would the observer not experience sunrise or sunset?

The diagrams represent the apparent paths and solar noon positions of the Sun on specific dates at four different Earth locations, labeled A, B, C, and D. For the observer at location B, the Sun appears to move across the sky on June 21 at the rate of

The diagrams represent the apparent paths and solar noon positions of the Sun on specific dates at four different Earth locations, labeled A, B, C, and D. Which phrase most accurately describes the length and direction of the observer’s noontime shadow at location C on December 21 and June 21?

The diagrams represent the apparent paths and solar noon positions of the Sun on specific dates at four different Earth locations, labeled A, B, C, and D. Which statement best explains why the solar noon position of the Sun changes throughout the year at each of these locations?

At which location will the Sun appear to pass directly overhead for an observer? [USE PAGE 20 OF ESSRT]

The time-lapse photograph below shows stars as they appear to move around the central star Polaris. Polaris does not appear to move in the nighttime sky because Polaris is located

Approximately how many degrees per day does Earth move in its orbit around the Sun?

Which motion explains why some constellations appear in the night sky only during specific seasons?

The transfer of heat energy in the oceans due to density differences is best described as

Which color and texture of surfaces with equal areas will have the least temperature increase when heated by the Sun?

Over the last 200 years, global warming is inferred to be primarily caused by

The diagram below represents a scientific instrument. This instrument provides evidence that Earth

The diagram below represents a flagpole and its shadow in New York State at solar noon. The shadow is pointing from the base of the flagpole toward the

Which landmass has at least one location where the Sun will be directly overhead at solar noon at some time during a year? [USE PAGE 20 OF ESSRT]

The diagrams below show the apparent paths of the Sun across the sky on June 21 for observers at four different Earth locations. The zenith (Z) is the point in the sky directly above the observer. At which location will the longest noontime shadow be observed on the date indicated in the diagrams?

The diagrams below show the apparent paths of the Sun across the sky on June 21 for observers at four different Earth locations. The zenith (Z) is the point in the sky directly above the observer. Three months after the date indicated in the diagrams, sunrise in New York State will occur

The latitudes of the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn are determined by Earth’s

Which diagram shows the correct position of Polaris in the night sky as seen by an observer at Watertown, NY?