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WorksheetsIntro into Molecular Biology
Total questions: 15
Worksheet time: 11mins
Which structural feature is present in prokaryotic cells
but absent in eukaryotic cells?
Peptidoglycan cell wall
Cell membrane
Ribosomes
mitochondria
Which of the following is a major difference between
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells regarding DNA organisation?
Prokaryotic DNA is found in the nucleus while eukaryotic DNA is in the cytoplasm
Prokaryotic DNA is linear while eukaryotic DNA is circular
Prokaryotic DNA contains introns while eukaryotic DNA does not
Prokaryotic DNA lacks histones while eukaryotic DNA is associated with histones
Which of the following best describes the central dogma of molecular biology?
DNA → RNA → Protein → DNA
RNA → DNA → Protein
DNA → RNA → Protein
Protein → RNA → DNA
What is the primary STRUCTURAL difference between DNA and RNA?
DNA contains adenine while RNA contains guanine
DNA contains 2'-deoxyribose (lacking an OH group at the 2' position), while RNA contains ribose.
DNA is double-stranded while RNA is always single-stranded
DNA uses the codon AUG to initiate translation while RNA uses GUG
Which of the following is a characteristic of RNA but NOT DNA?
Presence of thymine
Double-stranded structure
Presence of uracil
Phosphate backbone
Which enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix during replication?
Ligase
DNA Polymerase
Helicase
Primase
Which of the following best describes the function of mRNA?
Carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome
Catalyses peptide bond formation during translation
Transports amino acids to the ribosome
Forms part of the ribosomal structure
What is a codon?
A type of tRNA molecule.
A three-nucleotide sequence in mRNA that codes for an amino acid.
A sequence of DNA that codes for a protein.
A sequence of amino acids in a protein.
In Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), which process mimics/represents DNA replication?
Protein synthesis
Enzymatic amplification of specific DNA segments
Transcription of DNA into RNA
RNA splicing
Which technique is used to detect and measure RNA expression levels?
Southern blotting
Immunoprecipitation
Western blotting
Northern blotting
What is the function of RNA polymerase in transcription?
It catalyzes the synthesis of RNA from a DNA template
It adds RNA primers to initiate DNA replication
It joins Okazaki fragments during DNA replication
It removes introns from pre-mRNA
Which of the following describes the function of a promoter?
a sequence of RNA nucleotides that starts transcription.
a protein that unwinds DNA
an enzyme that synthesizes protiens.
A sequence of DNA nucleotides that initiates transcription of a gene.
What is the function of a ribosome?
Protein synthesis
Lipid metabolism
DNA replication
Carbohydrate breakdown
Which of the following correctly describes the primary structure of a protein?
The three-dimensional arrangement of the entire polypeptide chain
Regular patterns of folding like alpha helices and beta sheets
The linear sequence of amino acids linked by peptide bonds
The aggregation or joining of multiple polypeptide subunits
What type of bonds primarily stabilise the secondary structure of proteins?
Hydrogen bonds
Peptide bonds
Disulfide bridges
Ionic bonds
