WorksheetsChapter 25 and 26 Activity
Total questions: 40
Worksheet time: 20mins
The central dogma of molecular biology states that information in DNA is expressed in the structure of:
RNA
Proteins
Lipids
Carbohydrates
The process of copying information from DNA to mRNA is called:
Translation
Replication
Transcription
Mutation
In eukaryotes, transcription takes place in the:
Cytoplasm
Ribosome
Nucleus
Golgi apparatus
Which enzyme is responsible for synthesizing mRNA during transcription?
Helicase
RNA polymerase
Ligase
Protease
The DNA strand that has the same sequence as the mRNA (except for U replacing T) is called the:
Template strand
Coding strand
Anti-codon strand
Non-coding strand
Which of the following is NOT a kind of RNA polymerase in eukaryotes?
RNA polymerase I
RNA polymerase II
RNA polymerase III
RNA polymerase IV
What is the function of the TATA box in transcription?
It is a termination signal.
It is an initiation signal.
It codes for a protein.
It is spliced out.
What is added to the 3’ end of mRNA during post-transcriptional modification?
7-mG cap
Poly-A tail
Introns
Exons
Which of the following is the correct order of events in translation?
Termination, Elongation, Initiation
Initiation, Termination, Elongation
Initiation, Elongation, Termination
Elongation, Initiation, Termination
Which site on the ribosome holds the growing polypeptide chain?
A site
P site
E site
mRNA site
What is the role of tRNA in translation?
It carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome.
It forms peptide bonds between amino acids.
It carries amino acids to the ribosome.
It is a component of the ribosome.
How many bases are in each codon?
2
3
4
1
The codon AUG codes for which amino acid?
Tryptophan
Methionine
Phenylalanine
Histidine
What is the function of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase?
It forms peptide bonds.
It attaches amino acids to their corresponding tRNA.
It decodes mRNA.
It provides energy for translation.
A mutation that changes a codon to a stop signal, leading to an incomplete protein, is called a:
Silent mutation
Missense mutation
Nonsense mutation
Frameshift mutation
The addition or deletion of nucleotides that changes the reading frame is called a:
Point mutation
Substitution
Frameshift mutation
Missense mutation
What is a mutagen?
A protein that speeds up transcription
A chemical that causes a base change in DNA
An enzyme that repairs DNA
A sequence of DNA that initiates transcription
Recombinant DNA involves combining DNA from:
Two different cells
Two different organisms
Two different plasmids
Two different proteins
A small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecule of bacterial origin is called a:
Vector
Plasmid
Virus
Chromosome
In gene therapy, a missing gene is replaced by a:
Bacterial cell
Viral vector
Plasmid
Protein
Metabolism is the sum of all chemical reactions involved in:
Breaking down complex molecules.
Building complex molecules.
Maintaining the dynamic state of a cell or organism
Releasing energy.
Which of the following is a catabolic process?
Protein synthesis
Breakdown of large molecules to smaller ones
Synthesis of complex molecules
DNA replication
The purpose of the common catabolic pathway is to:
Synthesize proteins.
Replicate DNA.
Convert energy in food molecules into ATP.
Store fat.
In the common metabolic pathway, which of the following is an agent for the transfer of acetyl groups?
ATP
NAD+/NADH
FAD/FADH2
Coenzyme A
ATP is:
A biological oxidizing agent.
A reducing agent.
A carrier of acetyl groups.
A universal carrier of phosphate groups.
The citric acid cycle is also known as the:
Electron transport chain.
Oxidative phosphorylation.
Krebs cycle.
Calvin cycle
In the citric acid cycle, acetyl CoA combines with oxaloacetate to form:
Isocitrate.
Citrate.
Succinate.
Fumarate.
Which of the following is produced during the citric acid cycle?
NADH
FADH2
ATP/GTP
All of the above
The electron transport chain is located in the:
Cytoplasm
Outer mitochondrial membrane
Inner mitochondrial membrane
Nucleus
In the electron transport chain, which complex receives electrons from NADH?
Complex I
Complex II
Complex III
Complex IV
Which of the following is a mobile electron carrier in the electron transport chain?
Cytochrome oxidase
NADH-coenzyme Q reductase
Coenzyme Q
Succinate-coenzyme Q reductase
In the final stage of electron transfer, electrons and hydrogen ions combine with oxygen to form:
Carbon dioxide
ATP
Water
Glucose
The process by which ATP is synthesized from ADP using energy released in the electron transport chain is called:
Substrate-level phosphorylation
Oxidative phosphorylation
Glycolysis
Fermentation
For each mole of NADH oxidized in the electron transport chain, how many moles of ATP are formed?
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
Cyanide disrupts the electron transport chain by binding with:
Coenzyme Q
Cytochrome c
Cytochrome oxidase
NADH dehydrogenase
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) include:
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)
Superoxide ion (O2-)
Hydroxyl radical (OH)
All of the above
Which of the following is an antioxidant?
Vitamin
Vitamin C
Glutathione (GSH)
All of the above
The digestion of biomolecules like carbohydrates begins in the mouth with the help of which enzyme?
Pepsin
Saliva amylase
Lipase
Trypsin
Which organelle is the main site for the common catabolic pathway in higher organisms?
Lysosomes
Golgi bodies
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Which vitamin is a precursor to Coenzyme A?
Riboflavin
Niacin
Pantothenic acid
Vitamin B2
