The lower phyla of plants inculding ________________, reproduce both sexually and asexually, with sexual reproduction involving sperm that fertilizes eggs, and asexual reproduction occurring through spores.

Why not mushrooms? Because mushrooms and other _______ are non-photosynthetic plant-like organisms, that also reproduce asexually with spores.

Used by plants called angiosperms to make seeds (for reproduction).

The flower contains all the reproductive parts of plant:

• the male parts (stamen) that produce pollen,

• and female parts (pistil) that produce seeds.

Part of a flower that attracts pollinators with its bright colors.

What is the function of flowers in sexual plant reproduction?

A fine dust that contains the sperm of seed-producing plants.

Male sex cell of a plant.

Process that transfers pollen from a flower's anther to the stigma.

Union of pollen and stigma.

The ovary of a flower matures into what?

A _______________ is the first single-celled stage of development after an egg is fertilized by a sperm.

It's the initial cell with all the genetic material needed for a new organism.

A multicellular, developing organism that emerges from a zygote through cell division and differentiation.

The earliest stage of development for both plants and animals.

The plant structure that contains a young plant embryo inside a protective covering.

Consists of an embryo,

its food source (endosperm),

a protective seed coat.

Monocots (grasses, wheat, corn, rice, onion, tulip...) have only ONE of these, where as dicots (beans, peas, brocolli, fruit trees...) have TWO.

What is the process by which seeds sprout and begin to grow?

The development of a plant from a seed or spore after a period of dormancy.

Once a seed germinates and the cotyledons push out of the ground and grow toward the light, it is called a _____________ , or seedling.

Which is NOT a part of the seed?

What is the union of the stigma and pollen known as?

What is part D?

What is part E?

What is part H?

What is part J?

What is part C?

Bonus: what is part I?