An intellectual movement that focused on human potential and achievements, emphasizing classical texts.

An artistic technique used to represent three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface.

A person or organization that supports artists, often financially, to create works of art

1. An Italian diplomat and philosopher known for his political treatise, The Prince, which discusses power and leadership.

A technique of mural painting on wet plaster, allowing

1. A renowned Renaissance artist and inventor known for masterpieces like the “Mona Lisa” and “The Last Supper.”

A three-dimensional art form created by shaping or combining materials, such as stone or metal.

A city in Italy that was the birthplace of the Renaissance

An artistic and literary movement that draws inspiration from art

A poem consisting of 14 lines, often exploring themes of love and beauty.

The use of strong contrasts between light and dark in art to give the illusion of volume.

An artistic style that aims to depict subjects as they appear in nature, focusing on realistic representation.

1. The art of persuasive speaking or writing, important in both literature and politics during the Renaissance.

A German painter and printmaker known for his detailed works and contributions to the Northern Renaissance.

An extension of humanism that emphasizes the importance of active participation in civic and political life

Introducing new ideas, methods, or products; essential for the advancements during the Renaissance.

The literal translation of “Renaissance” indicates a revival of interest in classical learning and values.

The sharing of ideas, customs, and technologies between different cultures

1. The way individuals convey ideas and emotions through art.

A systematic approach to research and experimentation that involves observation, hypothesis, testing, and conclusion

1. The astronomical model that places the sun at the center of the universe, proposed by Copernicus

1. An Italian astronomer and physicist who made significant contributions to modern science, including improvements to the telescope.

An English mathematician and physicist known for formulating the laws of motion and universal gravitation.

1. The act of watching and recording events or phenomena for scientific study

1. A well-substantiated explanation of an aspect of the natural world based on a body of evidence

The branch of science that studies the composition, structure, properties, and changes of matter

1. The study of celestial objects, space, and the universe as a whole

1. The theory that knowledge comes from sensory experience and experimentation.

1. The abstract science of number, quantity, and space, essential for scientific calculations

1. The abstract science of number, quantity, and space, essential for scientific calculations

An optical instrument that magnifies distant objects, revolutionizing the field of astronomy.

1. A perspective that explains natural phenomena in terms of physical process and laws, similar to a machine 

1. Involving or causing a complete or dramatic change, especially in scientific thought and understanding.

1. A proposed explanation for a phenomenon, which can be tested through experimentation

The philosophical study of nature and the physical universe, a precursor to modern science

An attitude of questioning the validity of accepted beliefs or claims is crucial for scientific inquiry

1.  The process of uncovering new knowledge about the natural world, foundational to the scientific revolution. 

1. The branch of science concerned with the nature and properties of matter and energy.

1. A significant change that occurs in a short period, often in political, social, or scientific contexts.