Free Printable Review BBT, Stellar Evo, HR Diagram

1.

What process powers the Sun's energy production?

a)

Chemical reactions

b)

Combustion

c)

Gravitational compression

d)

Nuclear fusion

2.

Where in the Sun does nuclear fusion occur?

a)

The surface

b)

The corona

c)

The sunspots

d)

The core

3.

What is the primary element involved in fusion within the Sun?

a)

Oxygen

b)

Carbon

c)

Hydrogen

d)

Helium

4.

What is the result of hydrogen fusion in the Sun?

a)

Heat disappears

b)

New hydrogen forms

c)

Helium and energy are produced

d)

The Sun cools down

5.

EC How does energy from the Sun reach Earth?

a)

Through convection

b)

By conduction

c)

Through particles of matter

d)

By radiation

6.

Why does the Sun shine?

a)

It burns like firewood

b)

It releases energy from nuclear fusion

c)

It reflects light from other stars

d)

It is made of lava

7.

What type of energy from the Sun reaches Earth?

a)

Sound energy

b)

Mechanical energy

c)

Electromagnetic radiation (light)

d)

Electrical energy

8.

What happens to a star when it runs out of hydrogen fuel?

a)

It disappears instantly

b)

It becomes a planet

c)

It changes stages in its life cycle

d)

It explodes immediately

9.

The Sun is currently in which stage of its life cycle?

a)

White dwarf

b)

Main sequence

c)

Red giant

d)

Supernova

10.

Why does the Sun not collapse under its own gravity?

a)

It spins quickly

b)

Magnetic fields hold it up

c)

Fusion creates outward pressure

d)

Light pushes it outward

11.

What evidence helps scientists predict how the Sun will evolve?

a)

Pictures of the Sun

b)

Observations of other stars

c)

Daily weather changes

d)

Volcano activity

12.

EC What prevents energy in the Sun's core from escaping instantly?

a)

It is absorbed and reemitted by particles inside the Sun

b)

Gravity pushes it out

c)

The Sun is too cold

d)

Nothing prevents it

13.

EC Which of the following best describes the Sun's energy transfer?

a)

Fusion happens at the surface and radiates instantly

b)

Energy moves from the core outward by radiation and convection

c)

The Sun stores energy until it explodes

d)

Conduction is the main energy transfer method

14.

EC The outermost layer of the Sun where energy is released is the:

a)

Core

b)

Chromosphere

c)

Photosphere

d)

Radiative zone

15.

What keeps nuclear fusion going in the Sun?

a)

Electrical sparks

b)

Solar wind

c)

Extreme pressure and temperature

d)

The Moon's gravity

16.

EC The Sun's radiation is strongest in:

a)

Infrared light only

b)

Sound waves

c)

Visible and ultraviolet light

d)

Gamma rays only

17.

Without nuclear fusion, the Sun would:

a)

Shine more brightly

b)

Continue unaffected

c)

Collapse under its own gravity

d)

Become a black hole immediately

18.

How does the Sun compare to more massive stars?

a)

It has a longer life span

b)

It produces more elements

c)

It becomes a supernova

d)

It burns hotter

19.

What is the Big Bang theory?

a)

A giant explosion in space about 10,000 years ago

b)

A star forming in space

c)

The rapid expansion of the universe from a hot, dense state

d)

A black hole forming

20.

What does redshift in galaxies suggest?

a)

Galaxies are getting hotter

b)

Galaxies are moving away from each other

c)

Galaxies are shrinking

d)

Light is slowing down

21.

EC What kind of light do astronomers use to measure redshift?

a)

Ultraviolet

b)

Gamma rays

c)

Visible light spectra

d)

Sound waves

22.

What does redshift provide evidence for?

a)

An expanding universe

b)

A shrinking universe

c)

Constant galaxy positions

d)

Galaxies rotating in place

23.

What is cosmic microwave background radiation?

a)

Microwave signals from satellites

b)

Energy from our Sun

c)

Faint leftover radiation (light) from the Big Bang

d)

Light from supernovas

24.

Why is the cosmic microwave background important?

a)

It predicts new stars

b)

It is evidence of the early universe

c)

It shows Earth's age

d)

It explains black holes

25.

What is the composition of ordinary matter in the universe?

a)

Mostly oxygen and carbon

b)

Mostly helium and iron

c)

75% hydrogen and 25% helium

d)

50% hydrogen and 50% metals

26.

EC How do scientists know which elements are in stars?

a)

From the light spectra they emit

b)

By measuring their size

c)

From star temperatures

d)

From planet locations

27.

The Big Bang theory explains:

a)

Planet formation only

b)

The expansion of the universe about 14 billion years ago

c)

Black holes only

d)

Star deaths only

28.

What does the expanding universe suggest about its past?

a)

It always existed

b)

It started from a single point

c)

It is shrinking

d)

It was colder in the past

29.

What supports the idea that the universe had a beginning?

a)

The color of the sky

b)

The redshift of galaxies and microwave background

c)

Weather patterns

d)

The shape of Earth

30.

Which element was NOT formed shortly after the Big Bang?

a)

Iron

b)

Hydrogen

c)

Helium

d)

Carbon

31.

Which tool helps scientists gather data about distant galaxies?

a)

Thermometers

b)

Satellites measuring wind

c)

Telescopes observing light spectra

d)

Seismometers

32.

Redshift occurs because:

a)

Light waves stretch as galaxies move away

b)

Galaxies move toward us

c)

Stars change color randomly

d)

Gravity pulls light backward

33.

The Big Bang theory is supported by:

a)

Fossil evidence

b)

Astronomical observations

c)

Seafloor spreading

d)

Earthquakes

34.

What does 'expanding universe' mean?

a)

Galaxies are getting farther apart over time

b)

The Sun is growing

c)

Stars are getting bigger

d)

Planets are forming faster

35.

What causes the shift in light spectrum seen from moving galaxies?

a)

Galaxy explosions

b)

Atmospheric changes

c)

The Doppler effect

d)

Solar flares

36.

EC What causes stars to begin forming?

a)

Collisions of planets

b)

Gravity pulling gas and dust together

c)

Earth's rotation

d)

Light from the Sun

37.

What happens in the core of a star during most of its life?

a)

Atoms freeze

b)

Nuclear fusion occurs

c)

Explosions start

d)

Gas evaporates

38.

Which element do stars begin forming after hydrogen?

a)

Helium

b)

Carbon dioxide

c)

Oxygen

d)

Nitrogen

39.

What determines the life span of a star?

a)

Its temperature

b)

Its color

c)

Its mass

d)

Its distance from Earth

40.

More massive stars:

a)

Live longer

b)

Burn fuel faster and die sooner

c)

Are cooler than the Sun

d)

Never change

41.

What happens to a low-mass star at the end of its life?

a)

It becomes a supernova

b)

It becomes a white dwarf

c)

It forms new planets

d)

It disappears instantly

42.

High-mass stars can end their lives as:

a)

White dwarfs only

b)

Neutron stars or black holes

c)

Comets

d)

Brown dwarfs

43.

Where are heavy elements like gold and uranium made?

a)

The Sun's corona

b)

During supernova explosions

c)

On Earth

d)

In gas clouds

44.

What is stellar nucleosynthesis?

a)

Star cooling

b)

The process of making elements in stars

c)

The death of a star

d)

Light reflection from stars

45.

Which stars can make the heaviest elements?

a)

Massive stars that go supernova

b)

Small stars like the Sun

c)

Stars in the early universe

d)

White dwarfs

46.

What happens to the material from a dead star?

a)

It disappears

b)

It gets recycled into new stars and planets

c)

It floats into space forever

d)

It forms black holes only

47.

Why do heavier elements form only in late stages of a star's life?

a)

They require more pressure and temperature

b)

They cool faster

c)

They are created by planets

d)

Lighter elements block them

48.

Which element is mainly formed in medium stars like the Sun?

a)

Iron

b)

Gold

c)

Helium

d)

Uranium

49.

What marks the end of a massive star's life?

a)

A supernova explosion

b)

Becoming a planet

c)

Starting a new life cycle

d)

Turning into a comet

50.

What is the main difference between high-mass and low-mass stars?

a)

High-mass stars create heavier elements and die explosively

b)

Low-mass stars live shorter lives

c)

High-mass stars become white dwarfs

d)

Only low-mass stars undergo fusion

51.

What two characteristics are compared on the H–R diagram?

a)

Mass and size

b)

Age and rotation

c)

Color and shape

d)

Luminosity and temperature

52.

Where on the H–R diagram are most stars found?

a)

In the white dwarf region

b)

In the red giant region

c)

In random places

d)

Along the main sequence

53.

Which direction on the H–R diagram represents increasing surface temperature?

a)

From bottom to top

b)

From right to left

c)

From top to bottom

d)

From left to right

54.

A star in the upper right corner of the H–R diagram is:

a)

Dim and cool

b)

Hot and dim

c)

Hot and bright

d)

Cool and bright

55.

White dwarfs are located in which part of the H–R diagram?

a)

Upper left

b)

Lower right

c)

Lower left

d)

Upper right

56.

The Sun is classified as what type of star on the H–R diagram?

a)

Red giant

b)

White dwarf

c)

Supergiant

d)

Main sequence

57.

Which of the following stars is the hottest?

a)

A red star

b)

A white dwarf

c)

A yellow star like the Sun

d)

A blue main sequence star

58.

Which star type has the greatest luminosity?

a)

White dwarfs

b)

Main sequence stars

c)

Red giants

d)

Supergiants

59.

What does a star's position on the H–R diagram tell us?

a)

Its speed and direction

b)

Its size and orbit

c)

Its age and magnetic field

d)

Its temperature and brightness

60.

If a star moves off the main sequence to the upper right of the H–R diagram, it is becoming a:

a)

White dwarf

b)

Neutron star

c)

Red giant

d)

Protostar

61.

As a main sequence star gets hotter, it also becomes:

a)

Dimmer

b)

Cooler

c)

Smaller

d)

Brighter

62.

Why are white dwarfs dim but hot?

a)

They are young and growing

b)

They are surrounded by dust

c)

They reflect light instead of emitting it

d)

They are small, and fusion has stopped, but still radiate heat

63.

Which type of star is both bright and cool?

a)

White dwarf

b)

Main sequence

c)

Supergiant

d)

Red giant

64.

On the H–R diagram, stars in the lower right corner are:

a)

Bright and hot

b)

Cool and dim

c)

Hot and bright

d)

Bright and cool

65.

Which factor contributes most to a star's location on the H–R diagram?

a)

Its distance from Earth

b)

Its magnetic field

c)

Its atmosphere composition

d)

Its mass and stage in the life cycle

Review BBT, Stellar Evo, HR Diagram

Total questions: 65

Worksheet time: 33mins

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