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WorksheetsHeat and Temperature Concepts
Total questions: 52
Worksheet time: 27mins
What is the definition of temperature according to the notes?
The total amount of energy in a substance
A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance
The force that particles exert on the walls of a container
A measure of the amount of matter in an object
What is the definition of heat according to the notes?
The total number of particles in an object
A measure of the average kinetic energy of particles
The transfer of thermal energy from a warmer object to a cooler one
The ability of an object to conduct electricity
In the diagram, when an ice cube is placed in hot cocoa, which process is endothermic?
The cocoa cooling down
The ice cube melting
The cocoa releasing heat
The mug getting warm
In the diagram, when an ice cube is placed in hot cocoa, which process is exothermic?
The hot cocoa cooling down (releasing heat) is exothermic.
The ice cube melting is exothermic.
The ice cube absorbing heat is exothermic.
The hot cocoa absorbing heat is exothermic.
What is the formula for heat transfer (Q) as given in the notes?
Q = m · c · ΔT
Q = m · ΔT / c
Q = c · ΔT / m
Q = m + c + ΔT
What does each variable in the formula Q = m · c · ΔT represent?
m = mass, c = specific heat, ΔT = change in temperature
m = momentum, c = speed of light, ΔT = change in time
m = mass, c = capacitance, ΔT = change in thickness
m = meter, c = coulomb, ΔT = change in torque
What is the unit of heat (Q) according to the notes?
Joules (J)
Watts (W)
Kelvin (K)
Coulombs (C)
Fill in the blank: ________ is the transfer of heat through direct contact between surfaces. Example: bread in a frying pan.
Conduction
Radiation
Evaporation
Convection
Fill in the blank: ________ is the transfer of heat via air or liquid. Example: heating system in a room.
Convection
Conduction
Radiation
Insulation
Fill in the blank: ________ is the transfer of heat via electromagnetic waves. Example: sun, microwave.
Radiation
Conduction
Convection
Insulation
What is the process called when a solid turns into a liquid?
Melting
Evaporation
Condensation
Sublimation
What is the process called when a liquid turns into a gas?
Vaporization
Condensation
Sublimation
Freezing
What is the process called when a gas turns into a liquid?
Condensation
Evaporation
Sublimation
Melting
What is the process called when a liquid turns into a solid?
Freezing (Fusion)
Evaporation
Condensation
Sublimation
What is the process called when a solid turns directly into a gas?
Sublimation
Condensation
Melting
Evaporation
What is the process called when a gas turns directly into a solid?
Deposition
Sublimation
Condensation
Evaporation
What is the charge of an electron?
Negative (-) charge
Positive (+) charge
No charge
Double positive charge
Which subatomic particle has no charge?
Neutron
Proton
Electron
Positron
Which subatomic particle has mass and a positive charge?
Proton
Electron
Neutron
Positron
The number of electrons in a neutral atom is equal to the number of ________.
protons
neutrons
ions
molecules
If the atomic number of boron is 5, how many protons does it have?
5
3
7
10
If the atomic mass of boron is 11 and the atomic number is 5, how many neutrons does it have?
6
5
11
4
Which of the following statements is true about electrons?
They have mass and a positive charge
They have no mass and a negative charge
They have mass and no charge
They have no mass and a positive charge
What is a compound? Fill in the blank: Compounds combine ______ in chemical reactions.
elements
molecules
atoms
ions
Which of the following best describes a synthesis reaction?
AB → A + B
A + B → AB
C + O2 + Heat → CO2 + heat + energy
AB + CD → AD + CB
Fill in the blank: In a decomposition reaction, a compound (AB) breaks down into ______.
A + B (elements)
AB2 (a new compound)
A2B (a rearranged compound)
A + AB (a mixture of compound and element)
What is a physical change?
A physical change is creating mixtures.
A physical change is burning substances.
A physical change is rusting iron.
A physical change is digesting food.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a physical change?
A) No molecular change
B) Reversible
C) Changes the chemical composition
D) Example: sugar in water
Is a physical change reversible?
True
False
What is an example of a physical change mentioned in the notes?
(a)
What is a chemical change?
A change in the size or shape of a substance
A change in the state of matter, like melting or freezing
A change that produces one or more new substances with different properties
A change where no new substance is formed
Which of the following is a characteristic of a chemical change?
No molecular change
Not reversible
Reversible
Example: sugar in water
Which of the following is an indicator of a chemical change?
Bubbles
Color change
Change in temperature
Odor
All of the above
What is a covalent bond?
A bond formed by the transfer of electrons from one atom to another
A bond between metal and nonmetal atoms
A bond between metal and nonmetal atoms
A bond formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms
How many valence electrons does carbon (C) have?
(a)
How many valence electrons does hydrogen (H) have?
1
2
0
8
How many hydrogen atoms are bonded to the central carbon atom?
4
2
3
1
What is an ionic bond?
A bond formed by sharing electrons between atoms
A bond formed by transferring protons between atoms
A bond that forms only between two nonmetals
A bond formed by the transfer of electrons from one atom to another
In the example of NaCl, which element loses an electron?
Na (Sodium)
Cl (Chlorine)
O (Oxygen)
H (Hydrogen)
In the example of NaCl, which element gains an electron?
Cl (Chlorine)
Na (Sodium)
O (Oxygen)
H (Hydrogen)
After the transfer of electrons in NaCl, Na becomes a cation and Cl becomes an anion.
True
False
What is the pH value of a neutral solution?
7
1
5
10
Which side of the pH scale represents acidic solutions?
The left side (0-6)
The right side (8-14)
The middle (7)
Both sides
Which ion is present in high concentration in acidic solutions?
H+ (hydrogen ion)
OH- (hydroxide ion)
Na+ (sodium ion)
Cl- (chloride ion)
What type of bond is present in a water molecule?
Ionic
Polar covalent
Metallic
Hydrogen
Fill in the blank: Water has a _______ surface tension.
high
low
average
negligible
Fill in the blank: Water has a _______ specific heat.
high
low
negative
zero
Fill in the blank: Water is a good _______.
solvent
metal
acid
fuel
Heat is defined as
the transfer of thermal energy from one object to another due to temperature difference
the temperature of a solid, liquid, or gas
The kinetic energy of a solid, liquid, or gas.
______ is a measure of the average kinetic energy of all the particles that make up an object.
Density
Conduction
Radiation
Temperature
Measure of how hot or cold an object is compared to a reference point
temperature
heat
specific heat
thermal expansion
how is electric current produced
By the movement of neutrons through a circuit
By the vibration of atoms in a solid
By the flow of electrons through a conductor
By the buildup of heat in a material
