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WorksheetsKinh Tế Vĩ Mô
Total questions: 93
Worksheet time: 59mins
The ratio of cash outside the banking system to deposits (cr) is 23%, the actual reserve ratio of commercial banks (rr) is 7%. The money multiplier is
4.1
4.3
4.5
5
Assuming an economy starts in a state of full employment equilibrium. Use the AD - AS model to explain how: "Investors are concerned about the future development prospects of the economy" will affect the general price level and output in the short term of the economy? (Assuming other factors remain unchanged).
General price level increases, output increases.
General price level decreases, output decreases.
General price level increases, output decreases.
General price level decreases, output increases.
Value added (VA) is
The output value of the enterprise.
The output value of the enterprise minus the value of intermediate goods purchased from other enterprises.
The output value of the enterprise plus the value of intermediate goods purchased from other enterprises.
The value of intermediate goods purchased from other enterprises.
The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) increases production to lower oil prices in the world market. How does this issue affect the aggregate demand - aggregate supply model of oil-importing countries in the short term? (Assuming initially the economy operates at potential output level).
The aggregate demand curve shifts left.
The aggregate demand curve shifts right.
The short-run aggregate supply curve shifts left.
The short-run aggregate supply curve shifts right.
Among the following items, which item is not included in GDP according to the expenditure approach:
Payment to taxi drivers.
Payment to a housekeeper hired by a family.
The value of fruits and vegetables grown and consumed by farmers.
Payment to a babysitter.
Assume that Viet-UC Steel sells steel to Honda Vietnam for 300 USD. The steel is then used to produce a Super Dream motorcycle. This motorcycle is sold to a dealer for 1200 USD. The dealer sells this motorcycle to consumers for 1400 USD. What will GDP be?
300 USD
1200 USD
1400 USD
2900 USD
Normative statements
Aim to answer the question: How much? How?
Make statements and judgments about how the economy should be.
Describe and analyze events, relationships in the economy.
Are statements that are verified by reality.
The population of a country is 25 million people, of which 1 million are unemployed and 9 million are employed. The unemployment rate is
4%
11%
10%
5%
When the labor union successfully negotiates with employers about wages, then:
Unemployment and wages both increase.
Unemployment and wages both decrease.
Unemployment decreases and wages increase.
Unemployment increases and wages decrease.
When the import price of cars from South Korea increases, it causes
The price index to increase.
The CPI to increase.
Both the price index and CPI to increase.
The price index to increase and CPI to remain unchanged.
Assume a person transfers 1 billion VND from a non-term deposit account to a term deposit account. This transaction will cause
Both M1 and M2 to increase.
M1 unchanged and M2 to increase.
M1 decreases and M2 to increase.
M1 decreases and M2 unchanged.
An increase in taxes on imported consumer goods will affect how the aggregate demand - aggregate supply model in the short term? (Assuming initially the economy operates at potential output level).
How will the increase in import taxes on consumer goods affect the aggregate demand-supply model in the short term?
The aggregate demand curve shifts to the left.
The aggregate demand curve shifts to the right.
The short-run aggregate supply curve shifts to the left.
The short-run aggregate supply curve shifts to the right.
The point of sufficiency on the consumption curve is the point at which
Household consumption equals their savings.
Household consumption equals their disposable income.
Household consumption equals business investment.
Household consumption equals government expenditure.
When the government expenditure G decreases (other factors unchanged), the total expenditure AE:
Increases
Decreases
May increase or decrease.
Remains unchanged.
According to the exchange rate effect, the downward sloping aggregate demand curve is due to:
Lower price levels make imported goods and services relatively cheaper than domestic goods. As a result, net exports decrease.
Lower price levels make domestic goods and services relatively cheaper than imported goods. As a result, net exports increase.
Lower price levels reduce the amount of money people need to hold, increasing the amount of money available for lending. As a result, interest rates decrease and investment increases.
Lower price levels increase the purchasing power of the money people hold, leading to increased consumption.
Which of the following items is not included in GDP according to the expenditure method?
Household cleaning services hired by a family.
Legal consulting services hired by a family.
Cotton that a textile company buys to produce yarn.
Textbooks sold to students.
If the reserve requirement ratio is 10% and banks have no excess reserves, and there is no cash leakage outside the banking system, and the central bank holds 2 trillion VND in government bonds, the money supply will:
Remain unchanged.
Increase by 2 trillion VND.
Increase by 20 trillion VND.
Decrease by 20 trillion VND.
Positive statements are those that
Answer the question: What should be done? How should it be done?
Provide statements and judgments about how the economy should be.
Are statements related to value judgments.
Are statements that can be verified by reality.
At the point of sufficiency on the consumption curve, then
Consumption is zero.
Savings are zero.
Both consumption and savings are zero.
Consumption equals savings.
An increase in the money supply can lead to
Both interest rates and investment increase, leading to an increase in aggregate demand.
Interest rates increase, leading to a decrease in investment and aggregate demand.
Interest rates decrease, leading to an increase in investment and aggregate demand.
All interest rates, investment, and aggregate demand decrease.
Your family buys a refrigerator produced domestically. This transaction affects the components of GDP of
Your family buys a refrigerator produced domestically. This transaction affects the components of Vietnam's GDP according to the expenditure approach as follows.
C increases => GDP increases.
I increases => GDP increases.
C remains unchanged => GDP remains unchanged.
I remains unchanged => GDP remains unchanged.
For a country that imports oil, a sharp drop in oil prices on the world market will cause.
The aggregate demand curve shifts to the right.
The aggregate demand curve shifts to the left.
The short-run aggregate supply curve shifts to the right.
The short-run aggregate supply curve shifts to the left.
Suppose a farmer grows wheat and sells it to a baker for 3 million VND. The baker makes bread and sells it to a store for 5 million VND. The store sells to consumers for 6 million VND. The contribution of the store's bread to GDP is.
1 million VND
3 million VND
5 million VND
6 million VND
Suppose the central bank reduces the money supply. To bring aggregate demand back to its original level, the government needs to.
Reduce government spending.
Reduce taxes.
Request the central bank to issue bonds in the market.
Reduce both taxes and government spending by the same amount.
The purpose of tight fiscal policy is:
To cut aggregate demand and control inflation.
To cut aggregate demand and increase output.
To increase aggregate demand and increase output.
To increase aggregate demand and decrease output.
Which item is counted in GDP according to the expenditure method?
The money spent on flour by a bakery is counted in GDP.
Unemployment benefits are counted in government spending and GDP.
The value of agricultural products grown and consumed by the farmer.
The money spent on tutoring services by a household.
A strong increase in the stock market makes people wealthier, which will lead to.
AD shifts to the left.
AD shifts to the right.
AS short-run shifts to the left.
AS short-run shifts to the right.
Below is information about an economy producing pens and books (like a state). The base year is 2018. The economic growth rate for 2020 is.
5%
10%
0%
15%
One of the disadvantages of a market economy is creating income inequality. What goal should be pursued to mitigate this disadvantage in macroeconomic policies?
Efficiency.
Equity.
Stability.
Growth.
Along the demand curve, as interest rates decrease, then.
The quantity of money demanded decreases.
The quantity of money demanded increases.
The quantity of money supplied decreases.
The quantity of money supplied increases.
The central bank can best regulate.
Money supply.
Monetary base.
Reserve requirements.
The actual reserve ratio of commercial banks.
The GDP deflator (DGDE)
Measures the average price level of a basket of goods and services typically purchased by consumers.
Measures the average price level of a basket of goods and services typically produced domestically that consumers buy.
Measures the average price level of a basket of goods and services typically imported from abroad that consumers buy.
Measures the average price level.
For an oil-importing country, a sharp increase in oil prices on the world market will cause what?
Aggregate demand curve shifts to the right.
Aggregate demand curve shifts to the left.
Short-run aggregate supply curve shifts to the right.
Short-run aggregate supply curve shifts to the left.
If interest rates decrease.
The investment demand curve will shift to the left.
The demand for investment will increase.
The money demand curve will shift to the right.
The money demand curve will shift to the left.
A closed economy with income tax depends on income. Autonomous consumption is 200 million USD, investment is 500 USD, the marginal propensity to consume is 0.8. Government spending is 300 million USD and the income tax rate is 15%. What is the equilibrium output level of the economy?
Yo = 680 million USD.
Yo = 1470.6 million USD.
Yo = 320 million USD.
Yo = 3125 million USD.
In the AE - Y model, when income decreases, total expenditure will?
Increase.
Decrease.
Remain unchanged.
Cannot conclude as it depends on the price level.
The Consumer Price Index (CPI):
Measures the average price level of a basket of goods and services typically purchased by consumers.
Measures the average price level of a basket of goods and services produced domestically that consumers buy.
Measures the average price level of a basket of goods and services imported from abroad that consumers buy.
Measures the average price level of all goods and services included in GDP.
In the AE - Y income model, when the planned expenditure level is lower than the output level of the economy being produced, it will cause?
An increase in unplanned inventory, so firms must cut production until they return to the equilibrium output level.
An increase in unplanned inventory, so firms must expand production until they restore the equilibrium output level.
A decrease in planned inventory, so firms must cut production until they return to the equilibrium output level.
A decrease in planned inventory, so firms must expand production until they restore the equilibrium output level.
The goal of external economic policy is?
To lower and control inflation in a free market economy.
To help the economy use resources efficiently.
What does the goal of foreign economic policy mean?
Lower and control inflation in a free market economy.
Help the economy use all resources effectively to achieve high output corresponding to potential output.
Stabilize the exchange rate and balance the payment balance.
Lower the unemployment rate and maintain the natural unemployment rate.
A tutor transfers 5 billion VND from a time deposit account to a demand deposit account. What will this transaction do?
Both M1 and M2 increase.
M1 remains unchanged and M2 increases.
M1 decreases and M2 increases.
M1 increases and M2 remains unchanged.
What is the purpose of the expansive monetary policy?
Reduce total demand and control inflation.
Both reduce total demand and increase output.
Increase total demand and increase output.
Reduce total demand and reduce output.
The government reducing taxes on imported input factors will shift the:
Aggregate demand curve to the right.
Aggregate demand curve to the left.
Short-run aggregate supply curve to the right.
Short-run aggregate supply curve to the left.
In the AE - Y income-expenditure model, when the planned expenditure level is higher than the output level of the economy, it will cause:
An increase in unplanned inventory, so businesses must cut production until returning to the equilibrium output level.
An increase in unplanned inventory, so businesses must expand production until restoring the equilibrium output level.
A decrease in planned inventory, so businesses must cut production until returning to the equilibrium output level.
A decrease in planned inventory, so businesses must expand production until restoring the equilibrium output level.
The ratio of cash outside the banking system to deposits is 40%, the actual reserve ratio of commercial banks is 30%, and the base money is 5000 billion VND. To reduce the money supply, the central bank should:
Buy government bonds.
Sell government bonds.
Buy 500 million VND of government bonds.
Sell 500 million VND of government bonds.
Assuming in an economy: Money supply MS=600; The money demand function is MD=900 - 100i. What is the equilibrium interest rate in the money market?
4%
3%
3.5%
4.5%
Which of the following will increase the demand for money, shifting the money demand curve to the right?
Households decide to hold more cash to spend during the Tet holiday.
The central bank lowers the discount rate when lending to commercial banks.
The central bank buys government bonds in the open market.
The central bank lowers the required reserve ratio.
The central bank selling government bonds to commercial banks will cause:
The base money supply to increase, the money supply to increase.
The base money supply to decrease, the money supply to decrease.
The amount of money received to increase.
The amount of money received to decrease.
The long-run aggregate supply curve implies that:
The long-run aggregate supply curve never changes position.
Increasing will help the economy achieve a higher output level.
The long-run aggregate supply only depends on the supply of factors.
The long-run aggregate supply curve implies that
The long-run aggregate supply curve never changes position
An increase will help the economy achieve a higher level of output
Long-run aggregate supply depends only on the supply of production factors and technology level, not on price levels.
Long-run aggregate supply does not depend on the supply of production factors and technology level but depends on price levels.
Autonomous consumption is
The part of consumption that depends on income
The part of consumption that does not depend on income.
The part that must be consumed even when there is no income
The part of consumption that does not depend on income and must be consumed even when there is no income.
Assuming the cash ratio to deposits is 4 and the actual reserve ratio is equal to the required reserve ratio of 1/6. If the central bank wants to reduce the money supply by 1.2 billion USD, what does the central bank need to do?
Sell government bonds worth 1.2 billion USD
Buy government bonds worth 1.2 billion USD
Sell government bonds worth 1 billion USD
Buy government bonds worth 1 billion USD
In the AD-AS model, the ideal state of the economy is reached when:
Y0 = Y0
Y0 < Y*
Y0 > Y*
Y0 ≥ Y
When the central bank buys government bonds in the open market, it will
Reduce the lending capacity of commercial banks and decrease the money supply
Increase the lending capacity of commercial banks and increase the money supply
Reduce the reserve ratio of commercial banks and increase the amount of money received.
Increase the reserve ratio at commercial banks and interest rates tend to rise
Assuming the Vietnamese economy is in equilibrium at potential output level. "Many of Vietnam's trading partners are in recession and buying fewer goods from Vietnam" will affect the general price level and output of the Vietnamese economy how? To remedy the change in output, what measures can the government take?
General price level I, output J => The government needs to reduce government spending and/or increase taxes and/or reduce the money supply.
General price level I, output J => The government needs to increase government spending and/or reduce taxes and/or increase the money supply.
General price level I, output I => The government needs to reduce government spending and/or increase taxes and/or reduce the money supply.
General price level I, output 4 => The government needs to increase government spending and/or reduce taxes and/or increase the money supply.
A family buys an imported car from England for 10,000 USD
This transaction will increase Vietnam's GDP by a corresponding amount.
This transaction does not change Vietnam's GDP.
This transaction increases consumption (C) by a corresponding amount, so Vietnam's GDP increases by a corresponding amount.
This transaction will increase imports (IM) by a corresponding amount, so Vietnam's GDP decreases by a corresponding amount.
The company Chien Thang buys a new building in Da Nang to serve as its representative office. This transaction affects the components of GDP in Vietnam as follows:
C does not change => GDP remains unchanged.
C increases => GDP increases.
I does not change => GDP remains unchanged.
I increases => GDP increases.
In the modern economy, the multiplier is calculated by
m = 1/(1-MPC).
m = 1-MPC.
m = 1/[1-MPC(1-1)].
m = 1/[1-MPC(1-1)+MPM].
Which of the following cases does not belong to the group of temporary unemployment?
In a dream economy, the multiplier is calculated by
m=1/(1-MPC).
m 1-MPC.
m 1/11-MPC (1-1)].
m=1/[1-MPC (1-1)+ MPMJ.
Which of the following does not belong to the group of temporary unemployment?
A recent university graduate who is looking for a job.
Workers who were fired for violating labor discipline and are looking for other jobs.
Due to the contraction of the mechanical industry, workers lost their jobs and are learning to switch to computer repair.
A woman who returns to the labor market after maternity leave.
In an initial economy at full employment equilibrium, use the AS-AD model to explain how 'Investors are more optimistic about the future development prospects of the economy' will affect the general price level and output in the short term of the economy? (Assuming other factors remain unchanged).
General price level increases, output increases.
General price level decreases, output decreases.
General price level increases, output decreases.
General price level decreases, output increases.
The depreciation value of factories and equipment in the production of goods and services is called:
Consumption.
Depreciation.
Investment.
Intermediate goods.
Agricultural products grown and consumed by farmers themselves:
Are included in GDP, even though these agricultural products are not brought to the market, they still have value.
Are not brought to the market, and their market value cannot be determined, so they are not included in GDP.
Can be valued, so they must be included in GDP.
Are not brought to the market, but their value must still be included in GDP.
Which of the following government measures is effective in reducing the natural unemployment rate?
Increase the minimum wage.
Increase unemployment benefits.
Subsidize retraining programs and support workers to work in remote areas.
Implement tight fiscal and monetary policies.
If nominal GDP increases from 8,000 trillion in the base year to 8,400 trillion in the following year, and real GDP does not change. Which of the following will be used?
The GDP adjustment index increases from 100 to 110.
The price of domestically produced goods increases by an average of 5%.
CPI increases by an average of 5%.
The price level remains unchanged.
The ratio of cash outside the banking system to deposits (cr) is 20%. The actual reserve ratio of commercial banks (tr) is 10%, and the monetary base is 1,000 trillion VND. To reduce the money supply by 1 trillion VND, the central bank needs to:
Buy 100 million VND of government bonds.
Sell 100 million VND of government bonds.
Buy 250 million VND of government bonds.
Sell 250 million VND of government bonds.
The marginal propensity to save (MPS) = 0.3 means that:
When disposable income increases by 1 unit, savings will increase by 0.3 units.
When disposable income increases by 1 unit, savings will decrease by 0.3 units.
When disposable income increases by 1 unit, savings will increase by 0.7 units.
When disposable income increases by 1 unit, savings will decrease by 0.7 units.
Disposable income (Yd) is equal to:
The sum of consumption and investment.
The sum of consumption and savings.
The sum of income.
What is the disposable income Yd equal to?
The sum of consumption and investment
The sum of consumption and savings.
The sum of investment and savings.
The difference between consumption and savings
In the AE - Y model, when income increases, what happens to total expenditure?
Increases.
Decreases.
Remains unchanged.
Cannot conclude because it depends on the assumption level.
What is the open market operation?
The change in the discount rate of the central bank for loans to banks.
The central bank's activities related to buying and selling government bonds.
The central bank's activities related to changing the required reserve ratio.
The central bank's activities related to buying and selling corporate bonds.
What tools does the central bank use to control the money supply?
Discount rate, commercial bank interest rates, reserves of commercial banks.
Commercial bank interest rates, open market operations, and required reserve ratio.
Open market operations, discount rate, and required reserve ratio.
Discount rate, exchange rate, and reserves of commercial banks.
Assuming an economy is initially in a state of full resource utilization. How will the statement: "Investors are concerned about the future development prospects of the economy" affect the general price level and output in the short term?
General price level increases, output increases.
General price level decreases, output decreases.
General price level increases, output decreases.
General price level decreases, output increases.
The application of production technology that increases labor productivity will result in:
General price level increases, output decreases.
General price level decreases, output increases.
General price level increases, output increases.
General price level decreases, output decreases.
Assuming an economy is initially in a state of full resource utilization. How will the statement: "The stock market declines sharply, reducing the wealth of households" affect the general price level and output in the short term? What economic policy should the government use to bring output back to the initial potential output level?
General price level 4, output 1 => The government needs to use tight fiscal policy and/or tight monetary policy.
General price level 1, output 1 => The government needs to use expansionary fiscal policy and/or expansionary monetary policy.
General price level 1, output 1 => The government needs to use tight fiscal policy and/or tight monetary policy.
General price level 7, output 1 => The government needs to use expansionary fiscal policy and/or expansionary monetary policy.
What macroeconomic policy tools include?
Fiscal policy and monetary policy.
Income policy and fiscal policy.
Fiscal policy; monetary policy; income policy and foreign economic policy.
Foreign economic policy and monetary policy.
Under the condition that other factors remain unchanged, if the AD curve shifts to the right, what will happen?
Increase output and decrease unemployment.
Decrease output and decrease unemployment.
Increase output and decrease unemployment.
Decrease output and increase unemployment.
If aggregate demand and aggregate supply intersect at a point with output lower than potential output, then:
If aggregate demand and aggregate supply intersect at a point with output lower than potential output, then:
Unemployment is higher than the natural rate of unemployment.
Unemployment is lower than the natural rate of unemployment.
Unemployment is equal to the natural rate of unemployment.
There is no unemployment.
Assuming the commercial banking system has: Deposits: 6,000 billion VND. Reserves: 1,000 billion VND. Bonds: 5,000 billion VND. Assuming the cash ratio compared to public deposits is 4. The amount of money received at that time is:
1.2
1.5
1.8
2
Assuming that Hoa Phat Steel sells steel to Hyundai Vietnam for 300 USD. After that, the steel is used to produce a motorcycle. This motorcycle is sold to the dealer for 1200 USD. The dealer sells this motorcycle to consumers for 1600 USD. GDP will increase by
300 USD
1200 USD
1600 USD
2900 USD
In a closed economy with an independent income tax, if MPS = 0.2, then the value of the tax multiplier is
0.25
1
2
4
The simple money multiplier (when there is no money leakage) is determined as follows:
1/rr
1/cr
I/cr+m)
1/(cr-m)
Assuming an initial economy is in a state of full employment of commercial banks at 7%, and the money supply is 820 billion VND. The monetary base is
120 billion VND
200 billion VND
410 billion VND
820 billion VND
Unemployment benefits:
Are included in government spending and GDP.
Are a transfer income and thus included in government spending and GDP.
Are included in government spending but not in GDP.
Are a transfer income and thus not included in government spending and GDP.
According to the wealth effect, the downward-sloping aggregate demand curve is due to:
Lower prices increase the purchasing power of the money people hold, leading to increased consumption.
Lower prices decrease the purchasing power of the money people hold, leading to increased consumption.
Lower prices reduce the amount of money needed to hold, leading people to lend more, lowering interest rates, and increasing investment.
Lower prices make domestic goods and services relatively cheaper compared to imports, increasing net exports.
The production target means
Lowering and effectively controlling the inflation rate in a free market.
Using all resources effectively to achieve a high level of output corresponding to potential output.
Achieving high and sustainable growth rates.
Using all resources effectively to achieve a high level of output corresponding to potential output while also achieving high and sustainable growth rates.
A Honda car produced in Vietnam in 2020 and sold in 2021 is counted in Vietnam's GDP.
In 2021.
In 2020.
In both 2020 and 2021.
In the year the car is sold.
If in an open economy with exports X = 500 and the import function IM = 150 + 0.5Y. Then, the export function is
NX = 650 + 0.5Y.
NX = 650 - 0.5Y.
NX = 350 + 0.5Y.
NX = 350 - 0.5Y.
Assuming the required reserve ratio for demand deposits is
