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Worksheets172-154 sivut
Total questions: 40
Worksheet time: 28mins
what is correct about basal metabolic rate?
it is about 30% from daily energy expenditure
it inculdes food thermogenesis
if weight adjusted it is higher in children than adults
it increases during exercise
it can be determined from oxygen uptake
what of mentioned happens during the esophageal phase of swallowing?
primary peristaltic wave moves towards the stomach
the pressure of lower esophageal sphinchter decreases until 30 mmHg
at the end of it upper esophageal sphinchter closes
soft palate elevates
epiglottis closes
vasodilation occurs if?
increased Ca level in blood
increased level of adenosine
increased partial pressure of oxygen
increased partial pressure of carbon dioxide
increased K level in blood
which from these factors inhibit secondary hemostasis?
thromboxane A2
tissue factor inhibitor
prostacycline
antithrombin III
thrombomodulin
which of these functions are related to platelets?
they release prothrombin
IIb/IIa receptors bind fibrinogen
their activity decreases by indirect anticoagulants
Ia receptors on them bind to von willebrand factor
via adhesion they bind to subendothelial cell
what is correct about extrinsic pathway of blood coagulation?
it begins with thromboxane A2 secretion from injured tissues
in it VII factor is converted to VIIa
its deflect prolongs the prothrombin time
it is prolonged in deficiency of XI factor
it realizes faster than the intrinsic
in the blood group test the agglutination was observed in the serum Anti-A and Anti-D, but was not in the Anti-B and control serum. What is correct about the determined blood group?
there is D agglutinogen in this blood
this blood can be transfused to B group person with the same rhesus blood group
it is the most rare blood group in the ABO system
this blood is rhesus negative
there are anti-B agglutinins in this blood
which from these factors inhibit primary hemostasis?
thrombin
smooth surface of endothelium
plasmin
antithrombin III
prostacycline
which pressure increase can decrease filtration through the capillary wall?
colloid-osmotic pressure in interstitium
colloid-osmotic pressure in capillary
colloid-osmotic pressure in subglycocalyx space
hydrostatic pressure in interstitium
hydrostatic pressure in capillary
what is correct about hematocrit index?
it is higher for males than females
it indicates volume of blood occupied by blood plasma
it decreases during blood donation
in females normally it can be 50%
it increases if person is dehydrated
how is called platelet sticking to the other platelet in hemostasis?
agglutination
adhesion
aggregation
coagulation
hemolysis
in the blood group test the agglutination was observed in the serum Anti-A and Anti-B, but was not in the Anti-D and control serum. What is correct about the determined blood group?
there are anti-B agglutinins in this blood
the blood is rhesus negative
this blood can be transfused to B group person with the same rhesus blood group
it is the most rare blood group in ABO system
there is D agglutinogen in this blood
how much is basal metabolic rate for healthy adult female?
3000 kcal/ 24h
500 kcal/ 24h
1000 kcal/24h
1500 kcal/ 24h
1700 kcal/ 24h
how much is MET coefficient for moderate physical activities?
10-12
6-8
2-3
less than 3
3-6
primary heat generation mechanisms are:
brown fat cells
physical exercise
ATP synthesis
shivering
which of these factors can activate satiety center?
increased leptin level in blood
increased ghrelin level
stimulation of stretch receptors in stomach
decreased glucose concentration in blood
increased temperature of blood
what is correct about fats in diet?
they are predominantly used in short term exercise as main energy source
at least 70% of them should be in unsaturated form
they five about 7kcal energy from gram of fat
they can cover about 30% of daily energy expenditure
main amount should come from animal products
heat loss mechanism by sweating is
evaporation
conduction
convection
radiation
essential fat for women is 15% but for men -10% of the body weight?
true
false
activation of preoptic area of hypothalamus leads to
activation of shivering
activation of sweat glands
activation of errector pili muscles
activation of vasoconstriction
what is formula for body mass index (BMI) calculation?
BMI= weight (kg)^2 / height (m)
BMI= weight (kg)/ height (m)^2
BMI= height (m)^2 / weight (kg)
which kind of electromagnetic waves provide heat loss by radiation?
ultraviolet waves (10nm-400nm)
microwaves (1mm-1m)
infrared waves (199nm-1mm)
visible waves (400nm-700nm)
x-ray waves (0,01nm-10nm)
thermoregulatory center is located in
hypothalamus
skin
inner organs
cortex
medulla oblongata
Mark the answers which correspond to core temperature
after the heavy physical activity, the temperature can rise by 1C
while staying on the street in cold windy day, the temperature will
decrease
due to hormonal influence, man and women have different changes in
temperature
significant changes in the temperature values affect vital functions of the
body
usually the lowest temperatures is the most distant body parts
what from mentioned increases basal metabolic rate?
increased person's height
lesser muscle mass
greater muscle tonus
older age
decreased thyroid iodine concentration hormone level in blood
orexigenic (hunger) stimuli are:
leptin
insulin
peptide YY
CKK
ghrelin
Which of the factors stimulates / activates the satiety center
increse of blood amino acid level
chewing a chewing gum
decrease of body fat mass
decrease of body temperature
decrease of leptin concentration in blood
chylomicrones formed in intestinal epithelial cells can be absorbed in the lymph
true
false
which from these substances can be found in gastric juice?
tripsinogen
mucin
amylase
intrinsic factor
secretin
What is correct about the fat digestion and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract?
bile salts are needed for ther emulsification
they can be digested by chymotrypsin
most of fat breakdown products are transported away form intestines with lymph
intestinal epithelial cells synthesize micells that are released into interstitium
one of triglyceride breakdown products is monoglyceride
The major stimulus for primary peristalisis in the easophagus is
regurgitation of food from the stomach
presence fo food in the esophagus
closing of the upper esophageal sphincter
swallowing
opening of the lower esophageal sphincter
which from these substances can be found in bile?
bile salts
water
lecithin
cholecystokinin
sodium ions
which is correct about gastrin?
it binds to receptors in cell cytoplasm
its release is stimulated by parasympathetic nervous system
it breaks down proteins in the gastric content
it inhibits emptying of the stomach
it stimulates hydrochloric acid secretion in stomach
The major factor that controls secretion of bile salts from the liver is the amount of
secretin released during a meal
CCK released during a meal
bile salts reabsorbed from the intestine
bile acids produced by the liver
fat entering the small intestine
what stimulates motility in small intestine?
CCK
motilin
intrinsic factor
colipase
sympathetic nervous system
HCl secretion is inhibited by
prostaglandin i2
ach
low pH
somatomedin
pepsinogen
which from these substances can be found in bile?
sodium
lipase
lecithin
CCK
bile salts
what is true about salivary secretion?
after ductal processing it it secreted hypertonic
its enzymes begin carbohydrate digestion
it contains lipase
basal secretion is about 5ml/ min
when saliva secretion rate increases, sodium ion concentration increases
which from these substances can be found in the pancreatic juice?
chymotrypsinogen
amylase
gastrin
bilirubin
calcium
What is correct about the protein digestion and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract
they can be digestsed by enzymes on brush border of small intestine
amino acids absorb through the basolateral surface of intestinal cells via facilitated
diffusion
di-peptides can be absorbed through the apical surface of the intestinal cell via symport
with sodium
they are broken down by hydrochloric acid
they can be absorbed in oral cavity
