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WorksheetsPsychological Assessment Exam
Total questions: 101
Worksheet time: 51mins
Which of the following is the first step in the process of test development?
Test Tryout
Test Construction
Test Revision
Test Conceptualization
What does "test conceptualization" primarily involve?
Writing test items
Brainstorming ideas about the kind of test to develop
Scoring rules
Item analysis
What is a pilot study in test development?
Final administration of the test
Preliminary research to create a prototype
Scoring the test
Publishing the test
Which step in test development involves writing and revising test items?
Test Construction
Test Tryout
Item Analysis
Test Revision
What is "scaling" in the context of test construction?
Writing essay questions
Setting rules for assigning numbers in measurement
Analyzing item difficulty
Revising test items
Which scale transforms all raw test scores into a range from 1 to 9?
Likert Scale
Stanine Scale
Guttman Scale
Thurstone Scale
A test that measures only one underlying dimension is called:
Multidimensional
Unidimensional
Comparative
Categorical
What type of scale involves summing ratings across all items for a final score?
Summative Scale
Thurstone Scale
Guttman Scale
Paired Comparisons
Which scale is known for ranking statements by an expert panel?
Likert Scale
Thurstone Scale
Guttman Scale
Stanine Scale
The method of paired comparisons produces which type of data?
Interval
Ordinal
Ratio
Nominal
What is an item bank?
A list of correct answers
A large, accessible collection of test questions
A scoring guide
A group of test-takers
What is the difference between an item bank and an item pool?
Item pool is a subset of item bank
Item pool is the reservoir of items for the final test
Item bank is used only for scoring
Item pool contains only incorrect items
Which of the following is a selected-response format?
Essay items
Completion items
Multiple-choice items
Short-answer items
What are the three elements of a multiple-choice format?
Stem, correct option, distractors
Premises, responses, scoring
Question, answer, feedback
Directions, questions, answers
Matching items typically consist of:
Multiple stims and one response
Two columns: premises and responses
One question and four answers
True or false statements
Which item format requires test-takers to indicate whether a statement is a fact?
Matching
Multiple-choice
Binary choice (True-False)
Completion
What is a constructed-response format?
Selecting from given options
Supplying or creating the correct answer
Matching items
True-False items
Completion items require the examinee to:
Select an answer
Write an essay
Provide a word or phrase to complete a sentence
Match premises and responses
The rule of thumb for test tryout is:
1 subject per item
2-3 subjects per item
5-10 subjects per item
20 subjects per item
What is item analysis?
Writing new test items
Statistical procedure to analyze item performance
Scoring essays
Formatting the test
Item difficulty is defined by:
Number of people who find the item hard
Number of people who get the item correct
Number of distractors
Number of test items
The optimal average item difficulty for achievement testing is:
10%
30%
50%
80%
Computerized Adaptive Testing (CAT) is characterized by:
Same test for all test-takers
Items presented based on previous performance
Only essay items
No scoring
CAT reduces the number of test items by:
10%
25%
50%
75%
What is a floor effect?
Many high scores
Many low scores near the lower limit
No scores at all
Scores are evenly distributed
What is a ceiling effect?
Many low scores
Many high scores near the upper limit
Random scores
No scores above average
Item branching in CAT allows the computer to:
Randomize questions
Tailor content and order based on responses
Score automatically
Provide feedback
Cumulative scoring means:
Each answer is independent
Higher scores indicate higher ability
Scores are not related to ability
Scores are averaged
Ipsative scoring involves:
Comparing a test-taker’s score to others
Comparing scores within the same test
Comparing scores over time
Comparing scores to a standard
Cross-validation is:
Validating with the same sample
Revalidating with a new sample
Scoring essays
Writing new items
Validity shrinkage refers to:
Increase in validity after cross-validation
Reduction in validity after cross-validation
No change in validity
Increase in reliability
Co-validation involves:
Revising norms and testing with multiple groups
Scoring by multiple raters
Writing new items
Testing only one group
Who proposed the Two-Factor Theory of intelligence?
L.L. Thurstone
Charles Spearman
J.P. Guilford
Howard Gardner
According to Spearman, what is the "g" factor?
Group factor
General knowledge/intelligence
Specific ability
Genetic factor
Which test is designed to measure "g"?
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
Raven’s Progressive Matrices
Stanford-Binet
MMPI
L.L. Thurstone is known for which theory?
Two-Factor Theory
Multiple-Factor Theory
Triarchic Theory
Hierarchical Model
How many primary mental abilities did Thurstone propose?
3
5
7
9
Which of the following is NOT one of Thurstone's primary mental abilities?
Verbal Comprehension
Logical Reasoning
Word Fluency
Perceptual Speed
J.P. Guilford’s Structure-of-Intellect model classifies intellectual traits along how many dimensions?
Two
Three
Four
Five
The Structure-of-Intellect model includes how many categories of intellectual tasks?
90
120
150
180
Which is NOT a dimension in Guilford’s model?
Operations
Contents
Products
Factors
Which is an example of "contents" in Guilford’s model?
Cognition
Visual
Units
Evaluation
Philip Vernon’s model is best described as:
Circular
Hierarchical
Linear
Modular
In Vernon’s model, which is NOT a major group factor?
Verbal-educational
Practical-mechanical-spatial
Emotional
Psychomotor
Raymond Cattell distinguished between:
Verbal and nonverbal intelligence
Fluid and crystallized intelligence
General and specific intelligence
Practical and social intelligence
Fluid intelligence is:
Acquired skills and knowledge
More biologically determined and culture-free
Highly influenced by education
Stable throughout life
Crystallized intelligence:
Peaks at age 14-15
Is more affected by brain injury
Develops from application of fluid intelligence
Is unrelated to formal education
Which task would most likely require fluid intelligence?
Remembering vocabulary
Solving a new puzzle
Taking an exam
Following a recipe
Which task would most likely require crystallized intelligence?
Solving a new puzzle
Devising a strategy for chess
Memorizing facts
Assessing a new situation
Who proposed the Triarchic Model of Intelligence?
Howard Gardner
Robert Sternberg
Charles Spearman
L.L. Thurstone
The componential element of Sternberg’s model involves:
Adapting to the environment
Information-processing components
Formulating new ideas
Social intelligence
Metacomponents in Sternberg’s model are used to:
Plan, monitor, and evaluate problem-solving strategies
Implement tasks
Acquire new knowledge
Adapt to new environments
The experiential element in Sternberg’s model refers to:
Adapting to the environment
Formulating new ideas by combining unrelated facts
Monitoring performance
Acquiring language
Howard Gardner’s theory suggests intelligence is:
A single general ability
A collection of multiple intelligences
A fixed trait
An innate quality
Howard Gardner’s theory suggests intelligence is:
A single general ability
Composed of separate systems for different skills
Only measurable by IQ
Unrelated to culture
Which is NOT one of Gardner’s multiple intelligences?
Linguistic
Logical-mathematical
Emotional
Musical
Gardner defined intelligence as:
Ability to solve problems or create products valued in one or more cultural settings
Ability to memorize facts
Ability to adapt to new environments
Ability to reason abstractly
Alfred Binet believed intelligence is:
A fixed trait
Manifested by performance on various tasks
Only measurable by IQ
Unrelated to behavior
Binet’s tests were criticized for being:
Too easy
Too hard
Heavily loaded with school-type tasks
Too short
Lewis Terman defined intelligence as:
Ability to do abstract thinking
Ability to memorize facts
Ability to adapt to environment
Ability to solve practical problems
Sternberg emphasized intelligence as:
Ability to adapt and motivate oneself in a changing world
Ability to memorize facts
Ability to reason abstractly
Ability to perform well on tests
David Wechsler defined intelligence as:
Ability to memorize facts
Aggregate or global capacity to act purposefully, think rationally, and deal effectively with environment
Ability to do abstract thinking
Ability to adapt to new environments
Thorndike’s concept of intelligence included:
Only verbal skills
Abstract, practical, and social intelligence
Only practical intelligence
Only social intelligence
Which is NOT one of Thorndike’s types of intelligence?
Abstract
Practical
Emotional
Social
The Intelligence Quotient (IQ) is best described as:
A fixed score
A shorthand for overall mental ability
A measure of only verbal skills
A measure of only nonverbal skills
IQ is:
An explanatory concept
A descriptive concept
A fixed trait
Unrelated to age norms
IQ is both a reflection of prior achievement and a predictor of:
Personality
Subsequent educational performance
Physical health
Emotional intelligence
General intelligence tests typically measure:
Only verbal ability
Only nonverbal ability
A combination of several cognitive abilities
Only memory
Cross-sectional studies compare:
Same groups over time
People or groups from different environments
Only children
Only adults
Longitudinal studies compare:
Different groups at one time
Same groups at different ages
Only children
Only adults
Which cognitive skill tends to remain stable with age?
Vocabulary
Logic problems
New learning ability
Memory retention
What is the "terminal drop"?
Sudden increase in intelligence
Deterioration in cognitive functioning before death
Increase in memory
Improvement in vocabulary
Family size is related to intellectual ability in that:
Ability increases as family size increases
Ability declines as family size increases
No relation
Ability is highest in middle children
The process of setting rules for assigning numbers in measurement is called:
Scaling
Scoring
Pooling
Formatting
A test with more than one underlying dimension is:
Unidimensional
Multidimensional
Summative
Categorical
The Likert scale is commonly used to measure:
Intelligence
Attitudes
Memory
Vocabulary
The Guttman scale yields which level of measurement?
Nominal
Ordinal
Interval
Ratio
In test tryout, conditions should be:
As different as possible from actual testing
As identical as possible to actual testing
Uncontrolled
Randomized
The proportion of test-takers who answer an item correctly is called:
Item discrimination index
Item difficulty index
Item pool
Item format
Which of the following is NOT a benefit of Computerized Adaptive Testing?
Reduces number of items needed
Reduces measurement error
Increases floor and ceiling effects
Tailors items to test-taker
Class scoring involves:
Comparing scores to a standard
Placing test-takers in a group with similar response patterns
Scoring essays
Averaging scores
As test revision proceeds, why is a large item pool advantageous?
It allows for more scoring options
Removed items can be replaced by others from the pool
It reduces scoring time
It increases test length
Administering the revised test to a second sample is part of:
Test construction
Test revision
Item analysis
Test conceptualization
The process of revalidating a test with a new sample is:
Co-norming
Cross-validation
Item analysis
Scaling
Validity shrinkage is most likely to occur after:
Test construction
Cross-validation
Item analysis
Scaling
Which of the following is a group factor in Thurstone’s theory?
General intelligence
Verbal comprehension
Practical intelligence
Emotional intelligence
The Structure of Intellect Learning Abilities Test is based on whose model?
Spearman
Thurstone
Guilford
Gardner
Which of the following is a product in Guilford’s model?
Memory retention
Visual
Units
Symbolic
Which intelligence in Gardner’s model is related to understanding oneself?
Interpersonal
Intra-personal
Naturalistic
Existentialist
Which intelligence in Gardner’s model relates to nature?
Linguistic
Naturalistic
Musical
Logical-mathematical
Which theorist emphasized the importance of practical problem-solving and motivation in intelligence?
Binet
Sternberg
Terman
Wechsler
Which of the following is NOT a component of Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory?
Componential
Experiential
Contextual
Emotional
Which of the following is NOT a primary mental ability in Thurstone’s theory?
Number
Space
Musical
Word Fluency
Which type of intelligence is most affected by brain injuries, according to Cattell?
Crystallized
Fluid
Verbal
Social
Which of the following is an example of using crystallized intelligence?
Solving a new math problem
Learning a new language
Remembering historical facts
Devising a new strategy
Which type of scoring compares a test-taker’s responses to others in a similar class?
Cumulative
Class/category scoring
Ipsative
Norm-referenced
The process of placing stimuli into categories that differ quantitatively is called:
Comparative scaling
Categorical scaling
Summative scaling
Likert scaling
Which theorist suggested intelligence is an attribute of behavior, not a person?
Wechsler
Binet
Terman
Sternberg
Which of the following is a criticism of Binet’s intelligence test?
Too focused on practical skills
Too focused on school-type tasks
Too short
Too difficult
The ability to act purposefully, think rationally, and deal effectively with the environment is whose definition of intelligence?
Terman
Wechsler
Sternberg
Gardner
The decline in cognitive abilities during the last months or years of life is called:
Fluid intelligence
Terminal drop
Ceiling effect
Cross-validation
