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Worksheetsexamen resis
Total questions: 35
Worksheet time: 18mins
How would hyperleukocytosis be defined within hematology-oncology emergencies?
Leukocytes 40000, plus blasts
Leukocytes > 100,000 /mm3
Blasts distensible with acute renal failure, with dilution
Erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, thrombocytosis
In diabetic ketoacidosis, what would be the indications for administering bicarbonate?
Near-cardiac arrest or cardiac arrest, hyperkalemia that puts life at risk, or severe acidosis with pH <6.9 with symptoms
Serum bicarbonate less than 15 or pH < 7.2 with symptoms
Patient requiring mechanical ventilation due to neurological deterioration and ketoacidosis with severe dehydration
In every patient with diabetic ketoacidosis
What is the second-line treatment in status epilepticus?
Barbiturate coma with pentobarbital or midazolam at high doses >1000mcg/kg/hr
Lorazepam, midazolam, clonazepam
Ketogenic diet, electrostimulation, ketamine
Fosphenytoin, valproic acid, levetiracetam
The increase of ammonium in fulminant hepatic failure can cause?
Hepatic encephalopathy, intracranial hypertension, brain herniation
Intestinal malabsorption, short bowel syndrome
Bleeding at any level, immune dysregulation and infections
Vasodilatory shock and acute renal failure
In relation to septic shock, which dysfunction is related to higher mortality?
Renal dysfunction
Gastrointestinal dysfunction
Cerebral dysfunction
Cardiovascular dysfunction
Speaking of leukemia in children, what is the most common type in children?
Acute myeloid leukemia
Chronic myeloid leukemia
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Chronic lymphoblastic leukemia
In relation to autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura, what would be risk factors for bleeding?
Closed abdominal trauma only
Astenia, adynamia, poor general condition
Glomerulonephritis
TBI, polytrauma, previous surgery, antiplatelet agents, coagulopathy
When a patient is under mechanical ventilation, you visualize auto-PEEP on the monitor, what circulatory changes could occur?
Decreased venous return, increased pulmonary vascular resistance
Decreased left ventricular afterload only
Increased cardiac output and increased ejection fraction
Decreased vascular and peripheral resistance
Vasoactive of choice in the presence of septic shock?
Vasopressin
Adrenaline
Dopamine
Norepinephrine
Tumor marker of choice, for its high sensitivity and specificity, for the diagnosis of hepatoblastoma?
Chorionic gonadotropin
Carcinoembryonic antigen
CA 125
Alpha-fetoprotein
What type of infections precede IgA vasculitis, up to 50%?
Upper respiratory tract infections and gastrointestinal infections
Upper respiratory tract infections by Streptococcus
Gastrointestinal infections by parasites like Giardia
Urinary tract infections
In a patient under 6 months, what is the most common renal tumor?
Rhabdoid tumor
Wilms tumor
Neuroblastoma
Mesoblastic nephroma
What do the initials BLW stand for?
Baby lead weaning or baby-led feeding
Baby led introduction to solids
Feeding based on purees and solids
Proteins from the first day of complementary feeding
What are the laws of feeding?
Abundant, specific, nutritional
Scarce, hypocaloric, paused, digestible
Sufficient, varied, complete, balanced, adequate, safe
Rich, partitioned, multiple
Caloric content of mature breast milk?
100kcal/100 ml
0.6 kcal/10 ml
60-70kcal/100ml
30 kcal / ml
According to the osmolar state of the patient, how is dehydration classified?
Mild, moderate, severe
Isotonic, hypotonic, hypertonic
Hyperosmolar, hypoosmolar
With hemodynamic repercussion - without hemodynamic repercussion
In the calculation of parenteral solutions, what sodium ratio should be considered?
3 meq / 100 ml of solution
30 meq /500 ml of solution
2 meq/kg/hour
3 meq/1000 ml of solution
Calculation of insensible losses in patients over 10 kg?
30 to 40 ml/kg/day
400- 600 ml/kg/day
300-400 ml/m2SC/day
50 ml/kg/day
Examples of conditions that require calculation of 'low' solutions?
Renal failure, heart failure
Pancreatitis, respiratory failure
Hyaline membrane disease, necrotizing enterocolitis
Appendicitis and pneumonia
Osmolarity of 0.9% saline solution?
273 mosm/L
294 mosm/L
290 mosm/L
308 mosm/L
Proportion of replacement of predominantly gastrointestinal losses?
2:1
30%
50%
1:1
Hyperkalemia generally presents what type of alteration in the electrocardiographic trace?
U wave
Delta wave
Wide T
Pointed T
In hyponatremia, when is it appropriate and/or recommended to use hypertonic solution 3%?
When sodium is less than 128
When the patient presents convulsive crises
When the patient presents cardiac block
When sodium is less than 125
Upon the initiation of complementary feeding, what is appropriate?
Hypercaloric foods
High iron content
Low sodium foods
Foods of high nutritional value
What formula used in medicine can help in the diagnostic protocol of hypocalcemia?
Serum osmolarity
R-R segment
Cerebral perfusion pressure
Corrected QT
Among the measurable losses a patient can have, for example vomiting, diarrhea, etc.; what would be the ideal liquid to use for replacement?
Physiological solution
Lactated Ringer's
Hartmann's solution
Mixed solution with calcium
A patient who is 3 years old, weighs 17 kg, what amount of solution should be administered in their solution calculation?
1350 ml
1500 ml
2040 ml
100 ml/kg
Weight that increases per month for a 10-month-old patient?
400g
750g
500g
250g
Predominantly protein malnutrition is characterized by?
Being marasmatic and presenting edema
Being marasmatic and having extreme weight loss
Being Kwashiorkor and having extreme weight loss
Being kwashiorkor and presenting edema
What is the protein requirement in parenteral nutrition, predominantly in neonates?
1-3gr/day
2-3gr/day
2-4gr/day
1-5gr/day
The diagnosis of obesity, based on BMI, is defined as?
BMI >50
BMI >85
BMI >95
BMI >70
SAOS, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, can present in which pathology?
Allergic rhinitis
Obesity
Gastroesophageal reflux
As a background in sudden infant death
Germ cell tumors from a histological point of view can be classified as?
Ovarian and testicular
Gonadal or extragonadal
Germinomas or non-germinomas
Benign or malignant
Gasometric presentation in hypertrophic pyloric stenosis?
Hyperchloremic metabolic alkalosis
Normochloremic metabolic alkalosis
Decompensated metabolic alkalosis with hyperoxemia
Hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis
Cystatin C, when used for the diagnosis of chronic renal failure, can confuse us by elevating in?
Hyperthyroidism
Hypothyroidism
Melanoma
Only a and c
