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Environmental Science Final Exam Review

Total questions: 70

Worksheet time: 35mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which sphere of Earth is made of all the rock above and below Earth's surface?

a)

Lithosphere

b)

Hydrosphere

c)

Geosphere

d)

Atmosphere

2.

The lithosphere is carried on a softer, but still firm, layer of rock called the

a)

Geosphere

b)

Core

c)

Crust

d)

Asthenosphere

3.

Which sphere are humans a part of?

a)

Geosphere

b)

Hydrosphere

c)

Atmosphere

d)

Biosphere

4.

A change in state in which water returns to Earth's surface from a vapor to a liquid is called

a)

Condensation

b)

Evaporation

c)

Transpiration

d)

Recharge

5.

"All living things and their physical environment within a given area" best defines

a)

A community

b)

An Ecosystem

c)

Biosphere

d)

A population

6.

The easiest component of biodiversity to measure is

a)

Ecosystem Diversity

b)

Species Diversity

c)

Genetic Diversity

d)

Ecosystem Health

7.

Which is the most direct way in which biodiversity can provide a source of income?

a)

Medicines

b)

Ecotourism

c)

Research

d)

Agriculture

8.

Day-to-day conditions in Earth's atmosphere, such as “sunny and humid,” describe

a)

Climate

b)

Climatograph

c)

Weather

d)

Biome

9.

What percentage of Earth's surface is covered in water?

a)

71%

b)

97%

c)

50%

d)

25%

10.

Which type of area would Miami, Florida be considered?

a)

Urban

b)

Rural

c)

Country

d)

Suburban

11.

What is one of the primary factors that draws people from rural areas to urban areas?

a)

Less Pollution

b)

More open space

c)

More Jobs

d)

Heat Islands

12.

A jackhammer on a city street is an example of what type of pollution?

a)

Light

b)

Water

c)

Noise

d)

Air

13.

Sprawl increases carbon dioxide emissions by

a)

Generating more factories

b)

Increasing the need to drive

c)

Resulting in more tree growth

d)

Expanding the use of public transportation

14.

Which form of transportation uses the most energy per passenger-mile?

a)

Commuter rail

b)

Automobile

c)

Bus

d)

Heavy Rail

15.

A person holding a sign during a protest against cutting down trees in a forest would be considered a(n)

a)

Environmentalist

b)

Ecological footprint

c)

Peer reviewer

d)

Environmental scientist

16.

A natural resource that is naturally formed much more slowly than we use it is called

a)

Renewable

b)

Nonrenewable

c)

Sustainable

d)

Ecological

17.

Which of the following is an example of a renewable resource?

a)

Crude oil

b)

Coal

c)

Wave Energy

d)

Copper

18.

Which of the following is an example of a nonrenewable resource?

a)

Wind Energy

b)

Sunlight

c)

Natural Gas

d)

Geothermal Energy

19.

Which statement about science is true?

a)

It assumes that the natural world works according to rules that do not change unpredictably

b)

It attempts to explain the mysteries of the supernatural world

c)

It deals with things in synthetic or unnatural world

d)

It asserts that although the boiling point of water is 100 degrees C today, it may be different in the future.

20.

A human-centers view of our relationship with the environment is known as

a)

Biocentrism

b)

Egocentrism

c)

Anthropocentrism

d)

Environmentalism

21.

Fish, cattails, frogs, water lilies, dragonflies, and all the other living things in a pond make up

a)

A population

b)

A community

c)

An ecosystem

d)

A biosphere

22.

A grassland experiences a drought that causes most of the plants to die and several watering holes to dry up. The antelope that live on the grassland experience a decrease in population because water and plants are key

a)

Biotic factors

b)

Abiotic factors

c)

Resources

d)

Habitats

23.

Each step up the food chain, concentrations of toxicants can be greatly multiplies in a process called

a)

Biomagnification

b)

Toxicology

c)

Risk Assessment

d)

Epidemiology

24.

When stress built up in tectonic plates is suddenly released, the energy causes the planet to shake, a phenomenon called a(n)

a)

Mudslide

b)

Earthquake

c)

Landslide

d)

Tsunami

25.

Mudflows and ash clouds are some major dangers of

a)

Storms

b)

Volcanic eruptions

c)

Tsunamis

d)

Earthquakes

26.

Which of the following effects are always associated with a tornado?

a)

A storm surge

b)

A rotating funnel of air

c)

Lightning and thunder

d)

Mudslides and landslides

27.

Renewable resources include soil, fresh water, wild animals, and

a)

Minerals

b)

Coals

c)

Timber

d)

Petroleum

28.

The clearing of a forest and its replacement by another land use is called

a)

Forestry

b)

Clear-cutting

c)

Timber Harvesting

d)

Deforestation

29.

A renewable resource is harvested sustainably if

a)

The amount of replacement is less than the amount harvested

b)

The amount of replacement is equal to the amount harvested

c)

Soil erosion is prevented

d)

Replacing trees costs less than harvesting trees

30.

Most of Earth's fresh water is used for

a)

Watering crops

b)

Washing clothes and dishes

c)

Drinking

d)

Recreational sports

31.

A process in which an event acts as both an input and output of the same system is called a(n)

a)

Earth System

b)

Photosynthesis

c)

Lithosphere

d)

Feedback loop

32.

The thin layer of rock that forms Earth's outer skin both on dryland and in the ocean is called Earth's

a)

Core

b)

Crust

c)

Mantle

d)

Asthenosphere

33.

Which of Earth's spheres consists of the layers of gases surrounding our planet?

a)

Biosphere

b)

Geosphere

c)

Atmosphere

d)

Hydrosphere

34.

What function does carbon dioxide play in Earth's atmosphere?

a)

Provide gas for humans to breathe

b)

Provides a high level of protection from the sun's radiation

c)

Keeps Earth warm through the greenhouse effect

d)

Provides liquids for animals to drink

35.

Water which returns from the atmosphere to Earth's surface as rain or snow is called

a)

Evaporation

b)

Transpiration

c)

Condensation

d)

Precipitation

36.

Nutrients circulate endlessly throughout the environment in complex cycles called

a)

Eutrophication cycles

b)

Respiration Cycles

c)

Biogeochemical cycles

d)

Photosynthesis cycles

37.

What is the term for organisms, including plants and algae, that create their own food?

a)

Consumers

b)

Producers

c)

Legumes

d)

Decomposers

38.

In extreme cases, eutrophication can lead to extremely low levels of oxygen in a body of water as decomposers break down all the dead producers, a condition called

a)

Nitrogen Fixation

b)

Hypoxia

c)

Respiration

d)

Photosynthesis

39.

Which of the following are common sources of phosphorus?

a)

Gases in the atmosphere

b)

Snow and rain

c)

Fertilizers and detergent

d)

Volcanic activity

40.

What is an invasive species?

a)

A species that comes from somewhere else and gets consumed by native species

b)

A species that comes from somewhere with similar climate and has no natural predators

c)

A species that is indigenous to the area it lives in and has no natural predators

d)

A species that thrives in another area, but dies out due to competition

41.

Sustainability is

a)

Using Earth’s resources in whatever way is necessary

b)

Using Earth’s resources in a way that involves conservation, renewable energy, and planning for the future

c)

Using Earth’s resources in a way that exploits nonrenewable energy supplies

d)

Using minerals and oil without planning for the future

42.

“Going green” means

a)

To wear green every day

b)

To conserve and use renewable energy

c)

To buy out companies that exploit natural resources

d)

To plant trees every day

43.

What natural resource may be fought over in the future?

a)

Oil

b)

Lead

c)

Timber

d)

Water

44.

You’ve been noticing that a local pond is developing green scum that is getting thicker and thicker. When you look into the water, you see fewer fish and other animals than you used to, and you see fewer birds around the pond. What has occurred?

a)

Nitrogen Fixation

b)

Biogeochemical cycling

c)

Eutrophication

d)

Runoff and erosion

45.

Human activities that have the most impact of the Carbon cycle are:

a)

Illegal dumping

b)

Manufacturing “green” or “eco-friendly” products

c)

Burning fossil fuels and deforestation

d)

Volcanic activity

46.

The type of shellfish that has traveled in the ballast water of ships from across the globe to the U.S. and is an invasive species is the

a)

Giant clam

b)

Zebra Mussel

47.

The amount of energy lost between trophic levels is

a)

10%

b)

30%

c)

60%

d)

90%

48.

The name of pollution that is not easily traced back to one source is called

a)

Source pollution

b)

Non-point source pollution

c)

Point-source pollution

d)

Water pollution

49.

Which career would not benefit from biodiversity as much as the others?

a)

A farmer

b)

An organism

c)

A lawyer

d)

A chef

50.

Climate describes

a)

Day to day conditions

b)

Climatographs

c)

Average conditions over long periods in an area

d)

Storms

51.

Weather is

a)

Day to day conditions

b)

Storms

c)

Climate

d)

Average conditions

52.

An affluent society

a)

Produces less waste than poor societies

b)

Has access to less resources than poor societies

c)

Has access to more resources than poor societies

d)

Uses less resources than anywhere else

53.

What is a consequence of a warming earth?

a)

Rising CO2 levels

b)

Rising sea levels

c)

Burning fossil fuels

d)

Acid Rain

54.

The greenhouse effect is caused by

a)

Reflection of sunlight from glaciers

b)

Ozone holes

c)

Gases trap heat in the atmosphere

d)

Gases reflect heat into space

55.

The term that describes the surface characteristics of an area, including its elevation and features is

a)

El Nino

b)

La Nina

c)

Topography

d)

Thermohaline circulation

56.

Types of fuel, such as coal, that cause air pollution when burned

a)

Thermal

b)

Ozone

c)

Smog

d)

Fossil

57.

The layer of the atmosphere thought to be breaking down because of air pollution

a)

Troposphere

b)

Mesosphere

c)

Ozone

d)

Thermosphere

58.

Process by which wastes are converted into new products and materials

a)

Materialization

b)

Production

c)

Recycling

d)

Dumping

59.

The study of the interaction of living organisms with their environment

a)

Biology

b)

Ecology

c)

Geology

d)

Anthropology

60.

The term used to denote increasing concentration of pesticides and other pollutants in the food chain

a)

Bioconcentration

b)

Biohazardous

c)

Biodegradable

d)

Biomagnification

61.

A collective term for animals in the environment

a)

Fauna

b)

Flora

c)

Ecosystem

d)

Predators

62.

A collective term for plants in the environment

a)

Fauna

b)

Flora

c)

Consumers

d)

Decomposers

63.

The nonliving factors of an organism’s environment

a)

Biology

b)

Abiotic

c)

Biotic

d)

Rocks

64.

The living factors of an organism’s environment

a)

Biology

b)

Biotic

c)

Abiotic

d)

Thermal

65.

Fog-like pollution caused by automobile emissions

a)

Haze

b)

Ozone

c)

Sulfur Dioxide

d)

Smog

66.

Process that can lead to the death of a body of water from pollutants

a)

Thermalization

b)

Pesticides

c)

Eutrophication

d)

Biomagnification

67.

An environmental polluting agent found in some detergents

a)

Sulfates

b)

Phosphates

c)

Nitrates

d)

Dioxides

68.

The type of pollution in which water is heated

a)

Thermal

b)

Thermohaline

c)

Sulfuric

d)

Ecological

69.

Chemicals that kill unwanted insects are called

a)

Sulfuric acid

b)

Phosphates

c)

Pesticides

d)

Nitrates

70.

The term “global climate change” refers to

a)

Many climate characteristics, such as temperature, rainfall, wind patterns, and storm frequency

b)

Climate characteristics, mainly temperature and rainfall

c)

A warming Earth

d)

A cooling in some place on Earth